Evaluation of preoperative model surgery and the use of a maxillary sinus surgical template in sinus floor augmentation surgery

Maxillary sinus augmentation is an accepted technique for dental implant placement in presence of insufficient maxillary bone. There are various techniques in the literature, either by crestal or lateral approach in maxillary sinus augmentation that have high percentage of success, while all have complications. Schneiderian membrane perforation is the most common complication encountered during surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of preoperative model surgery and the ease of use of a maxillary sinus surgical template (MSST) during maxillary sinus augmentation surgery with a lateral approach. Ten patients included in the study needed rehabilitation of a partially or totally edentulous maxilla with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis and requiring sinus augmentation. A questionnaire was asked to performing surgeons, and study results showed the use of an MSSTwas found to be effective in terms of adaptation (62.5%), window preparation (87.5%), ease of elevation (95.9%), ease of grafting (95.9%), reduction of perforation risk (91.7%), and achieving immobility during the procedure (62.5%); however, the use of an MSST was also found to prolong the surgical procedure (100%) and restrict the view of the surgical area (79.2%). Maxillary sinus augmentation appears to be a useful tool for locating an appropriate entrance to the sinus cavity, allowing for safe elevation of the sinus membrane and effectively grafting the sinus floor

The alteration of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels induced by postural changes in archery athletes

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, okçuluk sporu yapan genç erkek sporcuların plazma atriyal natriüretik peptid (ANP) düzeylerinde oturur ve yatar durumdaki değişimi ve kardiyak fonksiyonlarını incelemektir. Gereçler ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, gönüllü 6 okçuluk sporcusu ve 10 sedanter erkek katıldı. Katılımcılardan 10 dk'lık oturma sonrası ve 10 dk'lık yatar durumdan sonra venöz kan alındı. Plazma ANP düzeyleri ELISA yöntemi ile ölçüldü. Kardiyak parametreler ekokardiyografi ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Okçuluk sporcularının oturur durumdaki plazma ANP düzeylerinin (72.12±14.01 pg/ml) sedanter grubun oturur durumdaki ANP düzeylerinden (36.22±14.51 pg/ml) yüksek olduğu bulundu (p<0.01). Aynı şekilde okçuluk sporcularının yatar durumdaki ANP düzeyleri de (124.41±14.66 pg/ml) sedanterlere göre (36.95±9.83 pg/ml) anlamlı yükseklik gösterdi (p<0.01). Sporcu grubun plazma ANP düzeyleri oturur duruma göre yatar durumda artmış bulundu (p<0.01). Sedanter grubun ANP düzeylerinde ise oturur duruma göre yatar durumda anlamlı bir artış saptanmadı. Sporcu ve sedanterlerin ekokardiyografik parametreleri benzer bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre okçulukla ilgili yapılan düzenli egzersizler, kalpte belirgin fonksiyonel ve morfolojik değişim olmaksızın, plazma ANP düzeylerinde farklılıklara neden olabilir. Okçuluk sporu yapanların plazma ANP düzeyinde postürle ilişkili belirgin farklılıklar oluşabilir.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate plasma atrial natriuretic peptid levels in sitting and supine positions and cardiac functions in young male archery athletes. Materials and Methods: Six archery athletes and 10 sedentary males volunteered to participate in the study. Venous blood samples were taken after 10 minutes sitting and after 10 minutes in supine position. Plasma ANP levels were measured by the ELISA method. Cardiac parameters were assessed by echocardiography. Results: Plasma ANP levels in sitting position were higher in archery athletes (72.12&plusmn;14.01 pg/ ml) than sedentaries (36.22&plusmn;14.51 pg/ml; p&lt;0.01). Similarly, plasma ANP levels in supine position (124.41&plusmn;14.66 pg/ml) were significantly higher in the athletes than sedentaries (36.95&plusmn;9.83 pg/ml). Plasma ANP levels were higher in supine position than those in sitting position in archery athletes (p&lt;0.01). No significant increase in plasma ANP levels were found in supine position than sitting position in sedentary group. Echocardiographic parameters were similar in athletes and sedentary subjects. Conclusion: It is concluded that regular archery exercises without prominent functional and morphological alterations in the heart may cause differences in plasma ANP levels. Marked posture-related alterations may occur in plasma ANP levels of trained archery athletes

Detection of Novel NF1 Variants with Next-Generation DNA Sequencing Technology and Genotype-Phenotype Characteristics of Neurofibromatosis

MakaleWOS:000925992500001Objective: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1, #162200) is a common neurological disorder with de novo or inherited germline mutations of the Neurofibromin (NF1, *613113). The purpose of this study is to increase the limited knowledge of NF1 in a small population-based dataset. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled patients with clinically suspected NF1 referred to the Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Medical Genetics Department, between 2015 and 2017. The local ethics committee approved this study. Next-generation sequencing was performed for the genetic analysis. The genetic, demographic, and clinical features of the participants were characterized. Results: A total of 79 cases of NF1 were included. Of these cases, 40 were male, and 39 were female. The mean age was 11.9 years, and most were younger than 18 years. The most common complaint was cafe au lait macules. The 61 (77.3%) patients had pathogenic variants, and 16 (26.2%) were novel. Mostly affected mutation sites were exonic regions (n=54, 88.5%). The most common mutated exon was exon 38 (n=7, 11.5%), and most of the detected mutations were nonsense mutations (31%). Conclusion: It is one of Turkiye's largest NF1 study groups, where all exons of the NF1 gene were analyzed. This study contributes novel variants to the literature. There was no mutational hotspot region, and no significant relationship between genotype and phenotype was observed. Further studies and large sample sizes are required to better understand the relationship between NF and genetic changes

AORTİK OKLÜZYON İLE OLUSTURULAN SPİNAL KORD İSKEMİSİNDE İLOPROST VE ASKORBİK ASİDİN NÖROLOJİK VE HİSTOPATOLOJİK SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ

Giris ve Amaç: TAA cerrahisinde spinal kord iskemisine bağlı olarak gelisen, parapleji ve paraparezi postoperatif dönemde hastaların hayat kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyen en önemli nörolojik komplikasyonlardır. Bu komplikasyonların olmaması veya en azından azaltılması amacıyla birçok koruyucu yöntem gelistirilmistir. Maalesef bu koruyucu yöntemlerin hiçbirisi tek basına yeterli olmamaktadır. Spinal kordun kros klemp esnasında iskemiden farmakolojik olarak korunması veya farmakolojik ajanlarla spinal kordun iskemiye toleransının arttırılması ve daha güvenli bir kros klempleme zamanı sağlanması, iskemireperfüzyon hasarının farmakolojik olarak önlenmesi veya siddetinin azaltılması amacıyla birçok ajan kullanılmıs olup, halen rutin klinik kullanıma geçmis, bütün otörler tarafından kabul edilen bir farmakolojik ajan bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalısmanın amacı bir prostasiklin analoğu olan iloprostun, spinal kordu iskemi reperfüzyon hasarına karsı koruyucu etkilerini ve iloprost&#8217;a askorbik asit ekleyerek koruyucu etkiye katkısını arastırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalısmada, toplam 28 adet, ağırlığı 2300-2700 gr olan, beyaz yeni zellanda tavsanı kullanıldı. Renal arterlerin hemen üzerinden buldog klemplerle 30 dakikalık aortik oklüzyon uygulanarak, iskemi olusturuldu. Denekler, sham grubu (n:7), kontrol grubu (n:7), iloprost grubu (n:7), iloprost + askorbik asit grubu olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Aortik oklüzyon uygulanan gruplarda oklüzyon öncesi, oklüzyonun bitiminde ve reperfüzyonun 6.saatinde ve 24. saatinde biyokimyasal parametreler (nöron spesifik enolaz, S100 &#946;) için kan örnekleri alındı. 48. saatte tarlov skalasına göre deneklerde nörolojik değerlendirme yapıldı. Nörolojik değerlendirme sonrası yüksek doz ketamin + xylazine ile sakrifiye edilen hayvanların torakolomber seviyeden çıkarılan spinal kordları, iskemik hücre değisiklikleri açısından elektron mikroskobisi ile histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Nörodejenerasyon açısından yapılan incelemede spinal kord nöronlarındaki çekirdek, organeller düzeyinde hasarlanma ve ödem, myelinli sinir liflerinin yapısal dejenerasyonu, aksonem yapısı ve perikapiller ödem değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında nörolojik değerlendirmede anlamlı fark saptanmıstır. (p<0.05) Gruplar arasında yapılan histopatolojik değerlendirmede istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıstır. (p<0,001) Bu çalısmanın, histopatolojik değerlendirme sonucunda, iloprost ve askorbik asitin, iskemi ve reperfüzyon sonucu gerçeklesen doku ödemini azalttığı ve askorbik asitin kapiller, iloprostun ise nöronal ödemi azaltmada etkin koruyucu olduğu saptanırken, her iki ajanında organel düzeyinde koruyucu etkiye sahip olmadıkları kanısına varıldı. Biyokimyasal parametrelerden S100&#946; sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde sham grubu haricindeki gruplarda 6. saatte S100&#946; değerleri pik yapmıs olup, 24.saatte iloprost ve askorbik asit grubunda anlamlı değisiklik görülmezken, kontrol grubunda minimal düsme görülmüstür. İloprost grubunda ise 24. saatteki S100&#946; değerinde anlamlı düsme görülmekte olup, histopatolojik ve nörolojik değerlendirmelerle korelasyon göstermektedir. Bu da iloprostun spinal kordu koruyuculuğunu desteklemektedir. NSE değerleri bizim çalısmamızda, histopatolojik ve nörolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarıyla korelasyon göstermemektedir. Bunun sebebi olarak iloprost ve iloprost + askorbik asit grubundaki histopatolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre iloprostun ve askorbik asidin organel düzeyde koruyuculuğunun olmadığı yalnızca perikapiller ve perinöral ödemi azaltarak iskemi reperfüzyon hasarını azalttığı görülmektedir. Bu durumda organel hasarına sekonder olarak NSE değerlerinin yüksek çıktığını düsünmekteyiz. Sonuç: Yapılan deneysel çalısmanın istatistiksel analiz sonuçları, iloprost grubunda ve iloprost + askorbik asit grubunda nörolojik ve histopatolojik sonuçların kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olduğu ve deneklerin bundan yararlandığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak iskeminin öncesinde ve reperfüzyonun baslangıcında intravenöz iloprost ve askorbik asit uygulamasının, spinal kordun korunmasında faydalı olduğu, bu uygulamanın diğer koruyucu metodlarla kombine edilmesinin TAA cerrahisi uygulanan hasta grubunda nörolojik komplikasyon görülme sıklığını azaltacagı kanısındayız.Introduction and Objective: The most important neurological complications experienced in TAA surgery are paraplegia and paraparesis which are the results of spinal cord ischemia. Despite of there are lots of preventive procedures developed to reduce these complications, unfortunately none of these methods is enough itself. To protect the ischemia-reperfusion injury of the spinal cord while cross clamping, increasing the ischemic tolerance of spinal cord by pharmacological agents is one of the methods that considered and tried. Considering lots of pharmaceutical substance have been tried in this aspect, none of these approved as a complete success by the authority. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usability of iloprost as an ischemiareperfusion injury protector and consider iloprost&#8217;s effectivity with the synergy of ascorbic acid. Material and Method: We used 28 New Zealand Rabbits weighted between 2300- 2700 grams in this study. Ischemia formed with buldog clamps applied on Aorta just above the Renal Arteries for 30 minutes. The test subjects divided four groups: Sham group (n:7), Control group (n:7), &#272;loprost group (n:7), &#272;loprost + ascorbic acid group. The blood specimens obtained before aortic oclusion, oclusion ending, 6.th and 24.th hours of reperfusion. Blood specimens studied for biochemical parameters of neuron specific enolase and S100 &#946;. In 48.th hour, the subjects evaluated neurologically with tarlov scale. After neurologic evaluation, the subjects sacrified with high doses of ketamine+xylazine and their thoracolomber level spinal cords extracted to be examined histopathologically with electron microscope. This histopathological evaluation focused on neurodegenerational determinants espicially nucleus, organel level damage and edema, myelined neural fibers structural degeneration, axoneme structure and pericapillary edema. Findings: There is a statically meaningful difference between neurological evaluation of the groups (p<0.05) and histopathological evaluation (p<0.001). As a result of this research; iloprost and ascorbic acid found to reduce the ischemiareperfusion tissue edema and concluded that ascorbic acid is protective in capillary level and iloprost is protective in neuronal edema. Both of these agents are not protective in organel level. If biochemical parameters regarded; beside the sham group, the other groups S100ß results peaks at first 6.th hour, the change of the 24.th hour of iloprost and ascorbic acid groups is not meaningful and the control group shows minimal decrease. The iloprost group&#8217;s first 24.th hour S100&#946; value decrease is meaningful and corralates with histopathologic and neurologic assesments. This finding supports the thesis of ilioprost&#8217;s spinal cord protectivity. NSE assesments of our work is not corralated with histopathologic and neurologic results. The cause of this is thought to be the result of iloprost&#8217;s and ascorbic acid&#8217;s lack of the organel level protectivity. Iloprost and ascorbic acid decrease the ischemia reperfusion injury just because they reduce pericapillary and perineural edema. In this case NSE values found to be high because of the organel level injury happened in the tissue. Result: This experimental work&#8217;s statistical analysis report shows that; iloprost and iloprost + ascorbic acid groups subjects benefited the treatments. This can be seen either in histopathological and neurological results or in statistical conclusions outcome. As a result; implementation of iloprost and ascorbic acid before the ischemia and at the beginning of reperfusion is valuable in spinal cord protection and combining this method with other protective techniques in TAA surgery will reduce neurologic complications in this patience group

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHEMISTRY, SOLAR CELL AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

DergiPark: 565468ejovocThe purpose of this paper is briefly to explain the relationship between chemistry, solar cell and social responsibility. Energy is essential for economic and social development. The world is under the threat of global warming because of using non-renewable energy such as fossil fuels. The non-renewable sources of energy will be depleted one day. So, it is needed to use renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal energy. Renewable energy which has low carbon dioxide emission is clean energy. The solar energy is the major renewable energy source. The ultimate source of all energy on earth is the sun. Solar energy comes directly from the power of the sun and is used to produce electricity, to produce heat, and for light. Solar energy is easily available all around the world. Solar cells, also called photovoltaic cells, are electronic devices used to generate electricity directly from sunlight. Chemistry knowledge and chemicals are used in preparation of solar cell devices. Solar cells which have high energy efficiency are used to make life easier in modern society consuming large amounts of energy

Porphyrin-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs): a Review

The current review aims to collect short information about photovoltaic performance and structure of porphyrin-based sensitizers used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Sensitizer is the key component of the DSSC device. Structure of sensitizer is important to achieve high photovoltaic performance. Porphyrin derivatives are suitable for DSSC applications due to their thermal, electronic and photovoltaic properties. It describes some electrochemical and spectral properties as well as thestructure of porphyrin dyes used in dye based-solar cells.WOS:0003994035000282-s2.0-85013031518PubMed: 2821092

Medial Rectus Muscle Injuries after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

In recent years, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has improved the treatment of sinus disorders. However, various orbital complications have been reported, including optic nerve damage, orbital hemorrhage, infection, lacrimal drainage system injury, and strabismus. Complications are rare but may cause severe morbidity. We describe two patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery procedures that resulted in trauma to the medial rectus muscle. The first patient had medial rectus paresia due to contusional trauma and showed spontaneous resolution in a month. The other patient had an orbital medial wall defect with medial rectus injury and he underwent orbitotomy. Medial rectus innervation returned at postoperative 8 months. Several extraocular muscles may be traumatized during FESS. Timing and method of treatment are based on the severity and type of injury and the number of muscles involved. Treatment strategies are dependent on accurate interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging scans. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2015; 45: 175-178

Collateral Vessels due to Portal Hypertension in the Inguinal Region; Differential Diagnosis with Inguinal Hernia

Inguinal swelling is a common clinical finding and the most common cause is inguinal hernia. Outside the hernias; inguinal swelling may occur due to common causes such as lymph nodes, hematoma and abscess. In addition, inguinal swelling can be seen due to rare causes such as spermatic cord tumors, endometriosis, leiomyoma, round ligament varices and retroperitoneal masses. Herein, we present the findings of contrast-enhanced abdomen computed tomography examination of collateral vascular structures between the paraumbilical vein and the left femoral vein due to portal hypertension in a 39 year-old male patient who complained inguinal swelling

Doubly-Iterative Equalization of Continuous Phase Modulation

In this paper, a doubly-iterative receiver is proposed for joint turbo equalization, demodulation and decoding of coded binary continuous-phase modulation (CPM) for multipath fading channels. The proposed receiver consists of three soft-input soft-output (SISO) blocks: a front-end soft information aided minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer followed by a CPM demodulator and a back-end channel decoder. The MMSE equalizer, combined with an a priori soft-interference canceller (SIC) and an a posteriori probability mapper, forms a SISO processor suitable for iterative processing that considers discrete-time CPM symbols which belong to a finite alphabet. The SISO CPM demodulator and the SISO channel decoder are both implemented by the a posteriori probability (APP) algorithm. The proposed doubly-iterative receiver has the central demodulator coupled with both the front-end equalizer and the back-end channel decoder. A few back-end demodulation/decoding iterations are performed per each equalization iteration so as to improve the a priori information for the equalizer. As presented in the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis and simulation results for different multipath fading channels, this not only provides faster convergence to low bit-error rates, but also lower computational complexity. Index Terms Double turbo processing, continuous phase modulation, intersymbol interference, EXIT chart, minimum mean square error equalization