Skin manifestations following anti-COVID-19 vaccination: A multicentricstudy from Turkey

Purpose: After the emergence of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, vaccination with various vaccines has started to be implemented across the world. To identify dermatological reactions developing after the COVID-19 vaccines administered in Turkey and determine their clinical features and risk factors that may play a role in their development. Materials and Methods: The study included patients aged ≥18 years, who presented to 13 different dermatology clinics in Turkey between July 2021 and September 2021 after developing dermatological reactions following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. After providing written consent, the patients were asked to complete a standard survey including questions related to age, gender, occupation, comorbidities, the regular medication used, the onset of cutaneous reactions after vaccination, and localization of reactions. Dermatological reactions were categorized according to whether they developed after the first or second dose of the vaccine or whether they occurred after the inactivated or messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. The relationship between dermatological reactions and some variables such as gender and comorbidities was also evaluated. Results: A total of 269 patients [116 women (43.1%), 153 men (56.9%)] were included in the study. It was observed that the dermatological diseases and reactions that most frequently developed after vaccination were urticaria (25.7%), herpes zoster (24.9%), maculopapular eruption (12.3%), and pityriasis rosea (4.5%). The rate of dermatological reactions was 60.6% after the administration of the mRNA vaccine and 39.4% after that of the inactivated vaccine. There was a statistically significantly higher number of reactions among the patients that received the mRNA vaccine (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The most common reactions in our sample were urticaria, herpes zoster, and maculopapular eruption. Physicians should know the dermatological side effects of COVID-19 vaccines and their clinical features

IMF’NİN YÖNETİMSEL REFORMLARINI ENGELLEYEN ETMENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ

ÖZBu çalışmada, Bretton Woods kurumlarının kuruluş dönemlerine yönelik kısa bir tarihçenin ve genel olarak görevlerinin ele alınmasının ardından, IMF ve Dünya Bankasında, öngörülen yöntemsel reformların yapılamamasının temel nedenleri ve az gelişmiş ülkeler (AGÜ) ile gelişmekte olan ülkeler (GOÜ) başta olmak üzere, bu konuda dünya genelindeki hoşnutsuzluğun boyutu irdelenmiştir. Son bölüm, adı geçen kurumlarda yapılması gereken reformların önündeki engellerin bertaraf edilmesiyle birlikte oluşabilecek küresel işbirliğinin, insanlığa getirebileceği yararlarına yönelik olarak elde edilen anlayışları içermektedir. Çalışmanın ekonomik kalkınmaya ve refah ekonomisine katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bretton Woods, IMF, Dünya Bankası, Reformlar, Küresel İşbirliğiJel Kodları:O20, E50, H1

Kan Grupları, Gestasyonel Diyabet için Bir Risk Faktörü Müdür?

Amaç Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus (GDM) sıklığı giderek artan ve perinatal komplikasyonlar ile ilişkisi gösterilmiş klinik durumdur. Bu durumun kan grupları ile arasındakiilişki kesin olarak belli değildir. Biz bu çalışmada kendi coğrafi bölgemiz olan Yozgat şehrinde GDM ile kan grupları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Gereç veYöntemRetrospektif olan çalışmamıza 1873 gebe kadın alınmıştır. Ocak 2018- Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize başvuran, 24-28. gebelik haftalarında olan hastalarındosyaları incelenmiştir. Hastaların dosyalarından OGTT (Oral Glukoz Tolerans Testi) sonuçları ve kan grupları bulunmuştur. OGTT sonuçları ile kan grubu arasındakiilişki incelenmiştir.Bulgular OGTT sonucuna göre 326 (%17,40, yaş: 31,40±5,70) olgu GDM tanısı alırken 1547 (% 82,60 yaş: 29±5,10) kişi normal (kontrol) olarak saptanmıştır. GDM ve kontrol grubuiçin kan grupları sırasıyla A grubu %41,70- %45, B grubu %19,90-15,80, AB grubu %4,30-7,20 ve O grubu %34-32 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gruplar arasında istatistikselolarak anlamlı düzeyde fark saptanmamıştır. Kontrol ve GDM grubunda Rh faktör pozitifliği yüzdesi sırasıyla %88,10 ve %89,60 olup gruplar arasında anlamlı farksaptanmamıştır.Sonuç Non-AB kan gruplarına sahip gebe kadınların, anlamlı fark saptanmamakla birlikte, artmış GDM riskine sahip olduklarını gözlemledik (%7,20 ve %4,30). Tespit ettiğimizkan grubu dağılımları genel popülasyonla benzer olup coğrafyamıza özgü farklılıklar da içermemektedir.Objective Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a clinical condition with increasing frequency and has been shown to be associated with perinatal complications. The relationship between GDM and blood groups is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between GDM and blood groups in Yozgat, which is our own geographical region. Materials and methods In our retrospective study, 1873 patient were included. The data of 1873 pregnant women who applied to our clinic between January 2018 and December 2019 and who are at gestational weeks between 24-28 were examined. OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) test results and blood groups were recorded and analyzed. Results According to the result of OGTT, 326 (17,40%, age: 31,40± 5,70) cases were diagnosed as GDM, while 1547 (82,6%, age: 29 ± 5,10) were normal (control). Blood groups for GDM and control groups were defined as group A 41,70-45%, group B 19,90-15,80%, group AB 4,30-7,20% and group O 34-32%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Rh positivity percentages in the control and GDM groups were 88,10% and 89,60%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion We observed that pregnant women with non-AB blood group had an increased risk of GDM, but this difference was not significant (7,20% vs. 4,30%). The blood group distributions that we detected are similar to the general population and do not include specific differences to our geography

The analysis of scoring systems predicting mortality in geriatric emergency abdominal surgery

BACKGROUND: Accurate measurement of surgical outcomes, proper evaluation of hospitals and surgeons regardless of case can be performed by mortality prediction models. The aim of this study was to analyze factors affecting mortality, present our clinical experience and patient profile and evaluate different scoring systems in use of these patients. METHODS: A retrospective review of one hundred and twelve geriatric patients who underwent major abdominal emergency surgery between 2004 and 2008 was performed. APACHE II, ODIN, SAPS II expanded, P-POSSUM, Manheim peritonitis and Charlson comorbidity index, Goldman and ASA scores were calculated using patient data. Sensitivity, positive predictive value and Odd’s ratio were calculated to predict the mortality for these scoring systems. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate for our patients was found 33.9%. The factors affecting mortality in this study were found to be the duration of initial complaint, requirement of intensive care unit, requirement of mechanical ventilation and its duration, the presence of coexisting disease and peritonitis. CONCLUSION: According to our study, in this particular group of patients, APACHE II scoring system is more valid and accurate in estimating the mortality risk when compared to other scoring systems. © 2015 TJTES

The effects of salt consumption habits on iodine status and thyroid functions during pregnancy

Background/aim: Iodine is the basic substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis and is vital for the general population and especially pregnant women. Iodine deficiency may cause severe health problems for a foetus. This study aimed to determine the relationship, if any, between iodine level and thyroid function tests, and to determine the relationship between consumption of salt types and its effects on thyroid function tests in the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods: Three hundred and six pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy, who had known no thyroid disease history and had not received iodine supportive therapy, were included in the study. All patients were questioned for their preferred table salt or rock salt in daily use and urine iodine concentrations (UICs) were analysed in spot urine. The results were evaluated statistically according to salt usage preferences. Results: The median age of patients in the study was 27.8 (+/- 5.4). In terms of salt consumption habits, 235 (76.8%) of patients reported using table salt, and 71 (23.2%) reported using rock salt. Iodine deficiency was found in 75.81% (n = 232) of all cases according to urinalysis. Median UICs of table salt group were significantly higher than rock salt group (123.7 mu g/L and 70.9 mu g/L respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Although large-scale salt iodination began long time ago, iodine deficiency is still a serious health problem among pregnant women. According to this study, use of rock salt is associated with low urinary iodine concentration in pregnant women and TSH values within the reference limits are not a good indicator for determining the iodine level

Transpedicular Corpectomy and Anterior Column Reconstruction for the Treatment of Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fractures

AIM: To retrospectively analyze the results obtained from the posterior-only approach in non-pathological traumatic thoracolumbar body fractures with spinal cord compression. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 17 patients with traumatic non-pathological thoracolumbar fractures were included in the study. Demographic details include preoperative data such as neurological status, deformity, pain scores, and radiology; intraoperative data such as blood loss, duration of surgery, and complications, and postoperative data including the neurologic status; the duration of hospital stay, pain scores, and deformity correction were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 17 patients, 8 were in ASIA A, 9 had incomplete neurologic deficits (ASIA C -D), and none was neurologically intact (ASIA E) preoperatively. All patients had TLICS scores >4 and were treated surgically. The mean TLICS score was 7.31. Although no worsening was detected in the neurological images of the patients during the postoperative period, neurological improvement of at least one ASIA grade was detected in 13 patients. However, it was found that the neurological functions remained the same in the 4 patients. With significant improvement, the mean preoperative VAS score was 8.2, while the mean postoperative VAS score was 3.3. In addition, satisfactory outcomes were obtained in radiological examinations, both in terms of kyphotic deformity and vertebral body collapse. CONCLUSION: Traumatic thoracolumbar fractures can be effectively fixed with the posterior-only approach and the transpedicular route. One of the most significant advantages of this procedure is that peripheral decompression, reduction, anterior column reconstruction, and instrumentation all can be performed simultaneously in the same session