Ulaştırma Yatırımlarının Türkiye Ekonomisi Üzerine Makro, Mikro ve Bölgesel Düzeydeki Etkileri: Mekansal hesaplanabilir genel denge modeli kapsamında

thesis (M.A) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, 2018Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2018This thesis develops a framework for economic analysis of highway projects in Turkey, estimating the economic effects of these projects on regional welfare and economic growth. The framework integrates a transport model with a multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The CGE model is developed for eight sectors of eight macro regions plus three biggest cities, namely Istanbul Area, Ankara Area and Izmir Area. Three counterfactual experiments are developed based on decreases in transportation margins due to a 'distance shortening'. All simulation results show that highway investment program improves welfare for all regions but in different levels according to scenarios.Bu tez Türkiye'deki farklı otoyol projelerinin bölgesel refah ve büyüme üzerine etkilerinin bölgesel düzeydeki tahmini için gerekli ekonomik analiz çerçevesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçeve kapsamında çok bölgeli Hesaplanabilir Genel Denge (HGD) modeli ile ulaştırma modeli entegre edilmektedir. Tez kapsamında oluşturulan HGD modeli 3 büyük kentimiz ve 8 toplulaştırılmış bölge olmak üzere toplamda 11 bölge için 8 farklı sektör için geliştirilmiştir. Ulaşımdaki mesafeler vasıtasıyla ulaştırma marjlarındaki düşüşü 3 farklı senaryo kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Tüm senaryo çıktıları göstermektedir ki otoyol yatırımları, senaryoya göre farklı bölgelerde farklı seviyede olmakla beraber, tüm bölgelerde refahı arttırmaktadır.M.AYüksek Lisan

The important role of retrofitting in agricultural machinery: a case study for techniques and applications

The article provides a comparative analysis of important role of retrofitting in agricultural machinery. Over the last fifteen years, many new technologies have been developed for, or adapted to, agricultural use. Examples of these include: low-cost positioning systems, such as the Global Positioning System, proximal biomass and Leaf Area Index (LAI) sensors mounted on-board agricultural machinery, geophysical sensors to measure soil properties and low-cost, reliable devices to store and exchange/share the information. Combined, these new technologies produce a large amount of affordable high resolution information and have lead to the development of fine-scale or site-specific agricultural management that is often termed Precision Agriculture. Farming moves into the 21st century with tractors carrying satellite navigation receivers, radar guns, and computers. socioagricultural systems and, as a consequence, adopters are currently becoming more and more complex in current economies and it might prove difficult to analyse patterns and forecast trends. The conclusions of this study are of course tentative. Hence, there is need for much more detailed research and analysis concerning the attitudes of adopters of innovations in agricultural tractors, in particular in the presence of fast-changing scenarios due to a more and more acceleration of technological change.У статті наведено результати порівняльного аналізу щодо важливої ролі модернізації сільськогосподарської техніки. За останні п’ятнадцять років багато нових технологій були розроблені або адаптовані для сільськогосподарського використання. Зокрема, системи глобального позиціонування (GPS), датчики біомаси та аналізатори листкової поверхні (LAI), встановлені на борту сільгосптехніки, геофізичні датчики для вимірювання властивостей ґрунту, а також недорогі, але надійні пристрої для зберігання і обміну інформацією. У сукупності ці нові технології виробляють велику кількість доступної інформації з високою роздільною здатністю і приводять до розвитку точного землеробства. Сільське господарство переходить в 21-му столітті на трактори з пристроями супутникової навігації, радарами і комп’ютерами, і, як наслідок, соціо-аграрні системи стають все більш і більш складними для аналізу структурних змін та прогнозування тенденцій. Дослідження за вказаним напрямком розвиваються, отже, існує необхідність в більш детальних дослідженнях і аналізі, що стосується впровадження інновацій для сільськогосподарських тракторів, зокрема, в умовах швидко мінливих сценаріїв, через все більше прискорення технологічних змін. Існує необхідність в набагато більш детальних дослідженнях і аналізі в умовах поточної ринкової турбулентності і швидко мінливих технологій. Є ще одна проблема – потреба в освічених фахівцях для модернізації сільськогосподарської техніки. Крім того, експертно-консультаційні послуги теж повинні бути пристосовані до потреб і завдань переобладнання сільськогосподарської техніки.В статье приведены результаты сравнительного анализа по поводу важной роли модернизации сельскохозяйственной техники. За последние 15 лет было разработано и адаптировано много новых технологий для использования в сельском хозяйстве. К примеру, системы глобального позиционирования (GPS), датчики биомассы и анализаторы лиственной поверхности (LAI), установленные на борту сельхозтехники, геофизические датчики для измерения свойств грунта, а также недорогие, но надёжные устройства для хранения и обмена информацией. В совокупности эти новые технологии производят большое количество доступной информации с высоким разрешением и приводят к развитию точного земледелия. Сельское хозяйство переходит в 21-м веке на тракторы с устройствами спутниковой навигации, радарами и компьютерами, и, как следствие, социо-аграрные системы становятся всё более и более сложными для анализа структурных изменений и прогнозирования тенденций. Исследования в указанном направлении развиваются, следовательно, существует необходимость в более детальных исследованиях и анализе, который касается внедрения инноваций для сельскохозяйственных тракторов, в частности, в условиях быстро изменяющихся сценариев, из-за всё большего ускорения технологических изменений. Существует необходимость в намного более детальных исследованиях и анализе в условиях текущей рыночной турбулентности и быстро изменяющихся технологий. Есть ещё одна проблема – потребность в образованных специалистах для модернизации сельскохозяйственной техники. Кроме того, экспертно-консультационные услуги тоже должны быть приспособлены к потребностям и задачам переоборудования сельскохозяйственной техники

The Financial Performance-Corporate Reputation Nexus in Turkey in the Institutional Theory Context

The scholars who indicate the institutional quality as one of main sources of economic growth state that any endeavor of companies increasing production and employment are no longer sufficient for sustainable growth. Therefore, economies need intangible assets such as corporate reputation (CR). CR entirely depends on stakeholders’ perception. In this study, we investigate the potential linkage between CR and financial performances of companies, which can affect the stakeholders’ perception, in Turkey between 2006 and 2016. The results show that any increase in companies’ assets fosters the perceptions of stakeholders in next period while a raise in indebtedness causes worse reputation

The Financial Performance-Corporate Reputation Nexus in Turkey in the Institutional Theory Context

The scholars who indicate the institutional quality as one of main sources of economic growth state that any endeavor of companies increasing production and employment are no longer sufficient for sustainable growth. Therefore, economies need intangible assets such as corporate reputation (CR). CR entirely depends on stakeholders’ perception. In this study, we investigate the potential linkage between CR and financial performances of companies, which can affect the stakeholders’ perception, in Turkey between 2006 and 2016. The results show that any increase in companies’ assets fosters the perceptions of stakeholders in next period while a raise in indebtedness causes worse reputation

The roles of antiapoptotic sphingosine kinase-1 and glucosylceramide genes in drug induced cell death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Purpose: Sphingolipids are important signaling molecules mediating cell survival, proliferation, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Ceramide is the most vital sphingolipid which induces growth arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the roles of sphingosine kinase- 1 (SK-1) and glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) genes in paclitaxel, doxorubicin, tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide and docetaxel induced apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: IC50 values (drug concentration inhibiting cell growth by 50%) of the anticancer agents were calculated using XTT cell proliferation assay. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined using JC-1 assay kit. Changes in the mRNA levels of SK-1 and GCS genes were measured by using RT-PCR technique. Results: The results demonstrated significant decrease in cellular proliferation and increase in loss of MMP in a dose-dependent manner. Paclitaxel, doxorubicin, tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide and docetaxel application downregulated SK-1 expression while paclitaxel, tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide and docetaxel but not doxorubicin downregulated GCS comparing to untreated control cells. Conclusion: These results show for the first time that these agents induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by downregulating the antiapoptotic SK-1 and GCS genes that may result in accumulation of apoptotic ceramides. © 2011 Zerbinis Medical Publications.Turkish Association for Cancer Research and Control and by the Turkish Academy of Science

Does the Duration of Acid Treatment Affect the Bond Strength Between Resin Cement and Zirconia?

Statement of the problem: The bonding between the resin cement and zirconia still needs to be improved and the effect of the experimental acid app-lication duration on the resin bond strength with zirconia is unknown. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different acid application times on the shear bond strength between zirconia and dual-cure resin cement. Materials & Methods: A total of 50 zirconia disks were prepared in 2 mm thickness and randomly divided into five treatment groups: control (no treatment was applied), 30 seconds HF:H2O:H2O2 acid application group, 60 seconds HF:H2O:H2O2 acid application group, 90 seconds HF:H2O:H2O2 acid application group, and 120 seconds HF:H2O:H2O2 acid application group. Then a dual-cure resin cement was applied over the 3 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness of the zirconia specimens. The specimens were immersed in distilled water and maintained at a temperature of 37°C for a duration of 24 hours. The shear bond strength tests were performed using a universal testing machine with a force of 1 mm/min until the fracture occurs, and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: The highest mean shear bond strength was found in the 90 se-conds acid application group, which was significantly higher than the control and 30 seconds acid application groups (P0.05). Conclusions: The use of a 60-, 90- and 120 seconds acid application can improve the bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. However, cau-tion should be taken when using this acid due to its potential toxicity and ha-zards

Growth of Solutions with Positive Initial Energy to Systems of Nonlinear Wave Equations with Damping and Source Terms

We consider initial-boundary conditions for coupled nonlinear wave equations with damping and source terms. We prove that the solutions of the problem are unbounded when the initial data are large enough in some sense