Bekçi İmajı Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi

Bekçilerin görev yaptıkları çarşı veya mahallelerde topluma sundukları hizmetin, görevlerini yerine getirirken gerçekleştirdikleri sözlü veya sözsüz iletişim faaliyetlerinin ve davranışlarının toplum tarafından nasıl algılandığı bekçi imajını belirlemektedir. Bu araştırmada toplumun bekçi imajını ölçmeye yönelik ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Veriler, açımlayıcı (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) uygulamak üzere toplam 664 katılımcıdan oluşan iki araştırma grubundan elde edilmiştir. AFA ölçme aracının, toplam varyansın %65.37’sini açıklayan ve 35 maddeden oluşan beş faktörlü bir yapıdan oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Bu beş faktör “Tatmin”, “Tutum”, “İletişim”, “Mesleki Yeterlilik” ve “Saygınlık” olarak adlandırılmıştır. DFA sonucunda 34 madde ve beş faktörden oluşan yapıya ait uyum indekslerinin yeterli olduğu görülmüştür. Güvenirlik analizi kapsamında hesaplanan Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı AFA uygulanan grup için .97, DFA uygulanan grup için .96 olarak bulunmuştur. Madde analizi sonuçları, ölçekte yer alan maddelerin ayırt edicilik düzeylerinin ve toplam puanı yordama gücünün yeterli düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Bekçi İmajı Ölçeği’nin geçerliği ve güvenirliği kanıtlanmış bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

Assessment of the Prevalence of Pulp Stones in a Sample of Turkish Central Anatolian Population

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulp stones (PS) in a Turkish dental patient population with respect to sexes and dental localization in relation between sex and this anomaly. Materials Methods. A retrospective study was performed using bitewing radiographs of 814 patients ranging in age from 15 to 65. All data (age, sex, and location) was obtained from the files. These patients were analyzed for pulp stones. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, jaws, and dental localization were recorded. The Pearson chi-squared test was used. Results. Of the patients, 462 (56.8%) were female and 352 (43.2%) were male. Sixty (12%) had one or more teeth that contained pulp stones. Pulp stones were identified in 518 (63.6%) of the subjects and in 2391 (27.8%) of the teeth examined. Pulp stone occurrence was significantly more common in the females than in males. With the increasing of age, the prevalence of pulp stones increased. Molars had statistically more pulp stones than premolars. Pulp stones were significantly more common in the maxilla compared with mandible. Conclusion. Prevalence of pulp stones in Turkish population was 27.8% but further larger-scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population to compare it with other ethnic groups

JBASE: Joint Bayesian Analysis of Subphenotypes and Epistasis

Motivation: Rapid advances in genotyping and genome-wide association studies have enabled the discovery of many new genotype–phenotype associations at the resolution of individual markers. However, these associations explain only a small proportion of theoretically estimated heritability of most diseases. In this work, we propose an integrative mixture model called JBASE: joint Bayesian analysis of subphenotypes and epistasis. JBASE explores two major reasons of missing heritability: interactions between genetic variants, a phenomenon known as epistasis and phenotypic heterogeneity, addressed via subphenotyping. Results: Our extensive simulations in a wide range of scenarios repeatedly demonstrate that JBASE can identify true underlying subphenotypes, including their associated variants and their interactions, with high precision. In the presence of phenotypic heterogeneity, JBASE has higher Power and lower Type 1 Error than five state-of-the-art approaches. We applied our method to a sample of individuals from Mexico with Type 2 diabetes and discovered two novel epistatic modules, including two loci each, that define two subphenotypes characterized by differences in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. We successfully replicated these subphenotypes and epistatic modules in an independent dataset from Mexico genotyped with a different platform. Availability and implementation: JBASE is implemented in Cþþ, supported on Linux and is available at http://www.cs.toronto.edu/goldenberg/JBASE/jbase.tar.gz. The genotype data underlying this study are available upon approval by the ethics review board of the Medical Centre Siglo XXI.No sponso

Cochlear implantation in inner ear malformations: Considerations related to surgical complications and communication skills

Introduction: There are particular challenges in the implantation of malformed cochleae, such as in cases of facial nerve anomalies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, erroneous electrode insertion, or facial stimulation, and the outcomes may differ depending on the severity of the malformation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of inner ear malformations (IEMs) on surgical complications and outcomes of cochlear implantation. Methods: In order to assess the impact of IEMs on cochlear implant (CI) outcomes, 2 groups of patients with similar epidemiological parameters were selected from among 863 patients. Both the study group (patients with an IEM) and control group (patients with a normal inner ear) included 25 patients who received a CI and completed at least 1 year of follow-up. Auditory performance, receptive and expressive language skills, and production and use of speech were evaluated preoperatively and at least 1 year after implantation. Types of surgical complications and rates of revision surgeries were determined in each group. Results: In the study group, the most common malformation was an isolated enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) (44.8%). Overall, the patients with IEMs showed significant improvement in auditory-verbal skills. In general, the patients who had normal cochleae scored significantly better compared to patients with IEMs (p < 0.05). The complication rate was significantly lower in the control group compared to the study group (p = 0.001), but the rate of revision surgeries did not differ significantly (p = 0.637). Conclusion: It is possible to improve communication skills with CIs in patients with IEMs despite the variations in postoperative performances. Patients with EVA, incomplete partition type 2, and cochlear hypoplasia type 2 were the best performers in terms of auditory-verbal skills. Patients with IEMs scored poorly compared to patients with normal cochleae. CSF leak (gusher or oozing) was the most common complication during surgery, which is highly likely in cases of incomplete partition type 3

Üniversite Ders Çizelgeleme Probleminin Genetik Algoritma ile Optimizasyonu

Üniversitelerin her dönem başında yaptığı ders çizelgeleme problemi kombinatortal optimizasyon problemlerindendir. Çizelgeleme problemleri NP-Hard sınıfına giren ve çözümü zor problemlerdendir. Determinist bir yaklaşımla olası bütün ihtimallerin denenmesi gibi algoritmalarla çözüm mümkün olsa da çok zaman alıcı bir işlem olduğundan pratikte bu algoritmalar kullanılmamaktadır. Özelikle probleme ait veriler arttıkça ve çözülmesi gereken çok fazla kısıt olması durumunda çözüme ulaşmak daha da güçleşmektedir. Bu çalışmada ders çizelgeleme problemi çözülmesi gereken katı ve esnek kısıtlar olarak ele alınmıştır. Katı kısıtlar ders çakışması, derslik çakışması, kapasiteye uygun olmayan dersliğe şube atanması gibi kesin olarak çözülmesi gereken kısıtlardır. Esnek kısıtlar ise derslerin istenmeyen zaman dilimlerine atanması bir kısmı ihmal edilebilen kısıtlardır. Bu çalışmada probleme ait katı ve esnek kısıtlar belirlenmiş ve bu kısıtları ihlal edilen durumlara ceza puanları atanarak en az ceza puanına sahip çözümler aranmıştır. Problemin çözümü için çizelgeleme problemlerinde sıkılıkla kullanılan Genetik Algoritma kullanılmıştır. Yapılan testeler sonucunda Genetik Algoritma ile ders çizelgeleme probleminin kısa sürede çözülebildiği görülmüştür

Facile synthesis of the azocino[4,3-b]indole framework of strychnopivotine and other Strychnos alkaloids

A new synthetic route to the 1,5-methanoazocino[4,3-b]indole is described. The aim of the present study is to provide a tetracyclic skeleton for the synthesis of pentacyclic Strychnos alkaloids (tubifolidine and strychnopivotine). Starting from a carbazole derivative, the ring closure was achieved by an intramolecular aldol reaction. The final product was obtained in 45% in the overall yield over 7 steps.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [112T503]Financial support provided by The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through project 112T503 is gratefully acknowledged. This research is part of Recep Yilmaz's MSc thesis

Antifungal and antibacterial effects of some acrocarpic mosses

WOS: 000287931700014In this study, the antifungal and antibacterial effect of 6 different acrocarpous mosses were tested in vitro aganist 8 different microorganisms. For the extraction, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone and chloroform were used as solvents. While the highest antimicrobial effect was seen in methyl alcohol extracts, extracts of chloroform showed the lowest level of antimicrobial effect. Grimmia anodon Bruch & Schimp. which is one of the acrocarp mosses used in this study, showed the highest activity in terms of the number of microorganism affected. Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr. only has effect on Candida albicans ATCC 16231 strain. All the results were compared with standard antibiotic discs, ketoconazole (50 mu g), ampicillin (10 mu g), eritromycin (15 mu g) and vancomycin (30 mu g).Nigde University [FEB2010/21]We are indebted to the Research Fund of Nigde University for financial support (Project No: FEB2010/21)

Cardiac Functions and Peripheral Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND/AIMS:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients have been described as having subclinical cardiac and vascular damage; nevertheless, research data is contradictory. We aimed to assess global cardiac functions, peripheral arterial stiffness (AS), and the relationships between echocardiographic and AS measurements in patients with PCOS.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We enrolled 42 consecutive PCOS patients and 32 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent a comprehensive two-dimensional echocardiographic examination. Applanation tonometry was utilized to determine peripheral AS [carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx)] in each participant. In addition, we evaluated the correlation between AS and echocardiographic parameters.RESULTS:The PCOS and control groups had similar ages and BMIs. Right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) diameters, LV mass, and LV ejection fraction were similar between the groups. Considering the pulse wave and tissue Doppler parameters of the cardiac functions, the LV septal S’, LV Tei index, RV S’, RV Tei index, and E/E’ ratio were comparable between the two groups. Peripheral AS parameters including, PWV and AIx were higher in those patients with PCOS [19.3±12.5 vs. 12.5±9.6; p=0.01 and 5 (4.7-5.5) vs. 4.4 (4.2-4.8); p=0.0001, respectively]. AS parameters were not correlated with echocardiographic parameters.CONCLUSION:Despite normal echocardiographic LV and RV functions, women with PCOS had increased AS. There was no correlation between echocardiographic and AS parameters in these patients.Keywords:&nbsp;Diastolic and systolic right ventricular functions, diastolic and systolic left ventricular functions, peripheral arterial stiffness, polycystic ovary syndrome</p