Developing a “values teaching responsibility perception scale” for prospective teachers

In this study a measurement device that could be used to determine the values teaching responsibility perceptions of prospective teachers was aimed to be developed. For this purpose, literature on values teaching was investigated and the views of prospective teachers were taken and a 46 itemed item pool was prepared. The items were reorganized according to expert views and 46 item preliminary form was prepared. This preliminary form was applied to 274 prospective teachers 206 of whom were female and 62 were male studying in different grades and departments of Gazi University Gazi Faculty of Education in 2018-2019 academic year Autumn semester. Validity and reliability analyses were conducted on the data set obtained from the application. The data set was applied first Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for construct validity and then Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied on a different group of 352 prospective teachers 278 of whom were female and 80 male. At the end of exploratory factor analysis, a scale form consisting of 35 items and 4 sub-dimensions was obtained. The four factor structure about the scale explains the 61.46% of the total variance. According to the reliability analysis Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient for the overall scale is .97, for sub-dimensions respectively as .93, .93, .88 and .84. The model fit indices for the scale at the end of the confirmatory factor analysis are determined as RMSEA, .064; χ2/df=2.1; SRMR=.06; IFI=.90; CFI=.90. Values obtained from this shows that the scale construct is validated

Yeterli bir sinema kitaplığın

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 185/A-Sinema Tarihiİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Evaluation of PECAM-1 and p38 MAPK expressions in cerebellum tissue of rats treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study

Background: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidative and anti-inflam- matory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on damage caused to cere- bellum tissue by diffuse traumatic head trauma via biochemical, histopathologic, and immuno-histochemical methods.  Materials and methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (300–350 g) rats were subjected to traumatic brain injury with a weight-drop device (300 g/1 m weight-height im- pact). Twenty-four adult rats were randomly divided into three equal groups of 8, including a control group, traumatic brain injury (TBI) group, and TBI + CAPE treatment group (10 μmoL/kg/i.p.). Cerebellum tissue samples taken from anterior lobe from all rats were taken 7 days after traumatic injury and were subjected to biochemical and histopathological analysis, as well as immunohistochemical ana- lysis for platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and phosphate 38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK).  Results: In the TBI group, the granular layer had dilatation and haemorrhage in the capillary vessels and inflammatory cell infiltration around the periphery of the blood vessels. In the TBI + CAPE group, the small capillaries in the white matter were slightly dilated, there were no inflammatory cells, and dense chromatin/ granular cells were observed in the granular layer. Also in the TBI + CAPE group, the Purkinje cells of the ganglion cell layer had ovoid nuclei, were chromatin- -rich, and their extensions protruded to the molecular layer. CAPE is thought to regulate inflammation, cell damage, and angiogenetic development by affecting the PECAM-1 and p38 MAPK proteins.  Conclusions: These proteins are key modulators of endothelial integrity and neuroinflammation in vessels in response to endothelial damage as well as of the proinflammatory response in the cerebellum in response to traumatic damage.

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and glial fibrillary acidic protein in a rat model of traumatic brain injury treated with honokiol: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to neuronal damage and neurological dysfunction. The aim of our study was to investigate the antioxidative effect of honokiol on TBI in rats with biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Materials and methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to TBI with a weight-drop device using 300 g/1 m weight/height impact. Forty-five rats were divided into three groups as control group, TBI group and TBI + honokiol group (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.). Honokiol (5 mg/kg) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was intraperitoneally administered to rats for 7 days after the trauma. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken from the animals and analysed with various biochemical markers. Results: Histopathological examination of the trauma group revealed some degenerated pyramidal cells, dilatation and congestion in blood vessels, hyperplasia in endothelial cells, inflammatory cell infiltration around the vein and disruptions in glial extensions. In TBI + honokiol group, pyramidal neurons showed a decrease in degeneration, slight dilatation in blood vessels, improvement of endothelial cells towards the lumen, and reduction of inflammatory cells in the vessel. In TBI + honokiol group, vascular endothelial growth factor expression was positive in the endothelial and few inflammatory cells of the mildly dilated blood vessels. In the blood brain barrier deteriorated after trauma, it was observed that the glial foot processes were positive expression and extended to the endothelial cells in the TBI + honokiol group. Conclusions: Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression showed a positive reaction in these processes. Considering the important role of antioxidants and inflammatory responses in cerebral damage induced by traumatic head injury, honokiol is thought to be important in decreasing lipid peroxidation, protecting the membrane structure of blood brain barrier, degeneration of neurons and glial cells

Approximate Computation of DFT without Performing Any Multiplications: Applications to Radar Signal Processing

In many practical problems it is not necessary to compute the DFT in a perfect manner including some radar problems. In this article a new multiplication free algorithm for approximate computation of the DFT is introduced. All multiplications $(a\times b)$ in DFT are replaced by an operator which computes $sign(a\times b)(|a|+|b|)$. The new transform is especially useful when the signal processing algorithm requires correlations. Ambiguity function in radar signal processing requires high number of multiplications to compute the correlations. This new additive operator is used to decrease the number of multiplications. Simulation examples involving passive radars are presented

Incremental Distance Transforms (IDT)

A new generic scheme for incremental implementations of distance transforms (DT) is presented: Incremental Distance Transforms (IDT). This scheme is applied on the cityblock, Chamfer, and three recent exact Euclidean DT (E2DT). A benchmark shows that for all five DT, the incremental implementation results in a significant speedup: 3.4×−10×. However, significant differences (i.e., up to 12.5×) among the DT remain present. The FEED transform, one of the recent E2DT, even showed to be faster than both city-block and Chamfer DT. So, through a very efficient incremental processing scheme for DT, a relief is found for E2DT’s computational burden

Neuroprotective effects of Potentilla fulgens on spinal cord injury in rats: an immunohistochemical analysis

Background: This examination was performed to research the advantage of the antioxidant impact of Potentilla fulgens on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.  Materials and methods: In the SCI model of this examination, the tolerably serious lesion was performed at the L1–L2 spinal segmental level. SCI animals were given P. fulgens 400 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally. At 7 days post-lesion, exploratory rats were executed after intraperitoneal administration 7 ketamine HCL (0.15 mL/100 g body weight). Spinal cord specimens were taken for histological examination or assurance of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and myelope- roxidase (MPO) action. SCI caused a remarkable decline in spinal cord GSH content, trailed by noteworthy increments in MDA levels and MPO action.  Results: Degenerative changes in some multipolar and bipolar nerve cells and pyknotic changes in the nuclei of glial cells were likewise noticed. Remarkable development was seen in cells and vascular structures of P. fulgens treated groups when contrasted with untreated groups.  Conclusions: Potentilla fulgens application may influence angiogenetic impro- vement in vein endothelial cells, reduce inflammatory cell aggregation by influ- encing cytokine system and may make apoptotic nerve cells and neuroprotective component in glial cells