How did teachers feel during the distance education process? Memories and metaphors from virtual classrooms : Memories and metaphors from virtual classrooms

In this study, which was conducted with the qualitative research method, the phenomenology design was used. The study group consists of 107 teachers from various branches who teach in virtual classrooms of schools at different levels during the covid 19 epidemic. The Snowball sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used in the research. For the snowball sampling method, researchers, who are working in the Ministry of National Education as teachers, contacted the teachers in their environment. The question, “Who else can I talk to about this subject?” was directed to the teachers interviewed. Content analysis was used in the research. Opinions on the items were grouped, converted into tables, and classified under thematic headings through the content analysis technique. In the classification stage, the metaphors were read and reviewed one by one, and each metaphor was analyzed in terms of (1) the subject of the metaphor, (2) the source of the metaphor, (3) the relationship between the subject and the source of the metaphor. The same steps were carried out for memories. It is observed that teachers negatively place the most emphasis on the need for communication. When the metaphors of teachers about giving live lessons in virtual classrooms were examined, it was seen that images were used for useful and useless lessons. It has been determined that metaphors that are related to the unproductiveness of the lessons were used more

The thematic content analysis of technological pedagogical content knowledge studies published in the field of primary school education: Technological pedagogical content knowledge

In this research, it is aimed to analyze technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) studies published in the field of primary school education by using thematic content analysis. In this research, 20 articles and 8 dissertation were analyzed by using thematic content analysis method. Each study were examined within the context of the study’s aim, method, sample, data collection tools, data analysis techniques, the topic distribution in TPACK in primary education, pedagogical practice used in TPACK development in primary education, results and suggestions. As a result, it was revealed that most of the studies were conducted to determine the relationship between TPACK and different variables. It was observed that the quantitative design was used the most as a method in the studies and the scale/survey was used as a data collection tool. In addition, it was determined that the studies were mostly carried out independently of the field and carried out at the level of classroom teachers. As a result of the research, it is suggested to conduct qualitive and mixed pattern studies in order to examine the TPACK development of process-oriented teachers and preservice teachers. Additionally, considering that primary school education is a field that includes different disciplines, it is seen that field-specific studies are lacking. In order to eliminate this deficiency, it is recommended to carry out studies specific to a discipline such as mathematics or science in primary school education

Development of an entrepreneurship scale for students in the departments of foreign languages: Development of an entrepreneurship scale

With the rapid increase in the number of universities in Turkey, the number of graduates in the field of foreign languages ​​has increased considerably as in every field. Following this, it has become difficult to find employment opportunities at civil service, and individuals have started to search for jobs in different fields. Therefore, there is a need for educated individuals who have developed themselves well in their field, who can take advantage of all kinds of opportunities in their field, who can take all risks, positive or negative, and who can bring new perspectives to the related sectors in their major. The purpose of the present research is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool that can measure entrepreneurship among Foreign Language Students. The participants of the research were composed of randomly selected 123 students (24 males, 99 females) at the departments of Foreign Languages in state and private universities affiliated to the Council of Higher Education, Turkey. The data were collected using an item pool of student statements. The obtained data regarding the construct validity of the developed scale were analyzed through factor analysis, and the number of sub-dimensions of the scale was determined via principal components analysis. Afterwards, the Cronbach alpha value was checked for the reliability of the scale. Based on the findings to be obtained, the level of the internal consistency coefficient of the scale was determined

The relationships between positive schemas and psychological well-being in university students: An investigation of the mediating variable role of self-esteem: The relationships between positive schemas and psychological well-being

This study aims to investigate whether or not self-esteem plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between positive schemas and psychological well-being in university students. The research, which has a correlational model, was designed on the basis of the quantitative research methodology. The study group of the research consists of 515 university students who participated in the research voluntarily and who were studying at three different state universities in the Black Sea, Eastern Anatolia, and Marmara regions of Turkey. Of these students, 384 (=74.6%) were female, and 131 (=25.4%) were male. In addition, the ages of the students in the study group ranged from 18 to 40, and the mean age was calculated as x=21.62 (SD=2.98). The research data were collected using a battery of four different measurement tools: Personal Information Form, Positive Schemas Scale, Two-Dimensional Self-Esteem Scale, and Psychological Well-Being Scale. The results obtained from the research revealed that all the variables discussed within the scope of the study were positively and significantly related to each other, and that self-esteem was a significant mediating variable in the relationship between positive schemas and psychological well-being in university students

The effects of portfolio and learning style-based practices on biology attitudes of pre-service science teachers: Biology attitudes of pre-service science teachers

The aim of this research is to examine the effects of course activities with learning styles and portfolio applications on the attitudes of pre-service science teachers towards biology lesson. The research was studied with 100 teacher candidates in the 2nd grade of Science Teaching at Ondokuz Mayıs University. The learning styles of the prospective teachers were determined according to the Kolb Learning Styles Inventory (KÖSE-3), and lesson plans were created within the scope of the General Biology Laboratory course, and also teaching activities which used portfolio evaluation were developed. In this context, the effect of the taught course on the attitudes of pre-service science teachers towards the biology course was examined. The design of the research is quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test control group (model with unequalized control group). One of the branches of the pre-service science teachers’ class was chosen as Experiment1 group, one as Experiment 2 and one as Control group. At the end of the period, it was found that the applications which was completed in a total of 28 weeks were more effective in the attitudes of pre-service science teachers in both experimental groups towards the biology lesson. Keywords: Portfolio, learning styles, biology education, attitude

The effect of STEM activities developed within the scope of a science course on 7th grade students' inquiry and innovative thinking skills : The effect of STEM activities

In this research, it is aimed to examine the effect of STEM activities developed within the scope of a science course on the inquiry and innovative thinking skills of secondary school 7th-grade students. In this context, quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used together. In the quantitative dimension of the research, the pretest-posttest experimental control group design was preferred among the quasi-experimental designs. In this direction, 2 experimental groups and 2 control groups were formed. STEM activities were carried out in the experimental groups whilst traditional teaching methods were used in the control groups. In the qualitative dimension of the research, the case study was preferred. With the case study, the subject can be examined in-depth, and a broad perspective on the phenomenon can be provided. 144 7th grade students in Kastamonu province determined by a simple random sampling method participated in the research. Four different public schools were chosen so that student groups would not be affected by each other. Through the quantitative and qualitative data collection tools resorted to in this study, inquiry and innovative thinking skills were examined. The Inquiry Skills Scale (ISS) developed by Aldan-Karademir and Saracaloglu (2013) and the Innovative Thinking Tendencies Scale (ITTS) developed by Deveci and Kavak (2020) were used as quantitative data collection tools. Semi-Structured Observation Form (SSOF) developed by Doganay (2018) and Semi-Structured Interview Questions (SSIQ) developed by Deveci and Kavak (2020) and field notes taken by researchers and those of an independent observer were used as qualitative data collection tools. In light of the findings of the research, it was determined that the students' post-test scores and qualitative application results showed a significant difference in favour of the experimental group. As a result of interviews, observations, and field notes, it was observed that students' inquiry skills and innovative thinking tendencies were not at the expected level, but these skills developed positively with STEM activities

Mathematics self-efficacy as a mediator between task value and math anxiety in secondary school students: Task value and math anxiety in secondary school students

In this study, the relationships between task value, self-efficacy and mathematics anxiety in everyday life in secondary school students were investigated. In addition, the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between task value and mathematics anxiety in daily life was examined. 203 secondary school students participated in the research. Data were obtained by using Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire and Mathematics Anxiety Scale. The relationships between task value, self-efficacy and anxiety were examined by applying Pearson Product-Moment Correlation analysis. The mediating role of self-efficacy was tested by applying structural equation model analysis. It was determined that as the perception of task value increased, perceptions of mathematics self-efficacy increased and mathematics anxiety in everyday life decreased. It was found that as self-efficacy belief increases, mathematics anxiety in everyday life decreases. Self-efficacy has a partial mediating role in the relationship between task value and mathematics anxiety in everyday life. In order to reduce mathematics anxiety in everyday life, students can be provided with successful experiences in mathematics, while making them feel that mathematics is important and useful

Sustainable graphic design in educational environments: Sustainable graphic design

The human life process includes a great consumption cycle.  In order to survive, to learn, to shelter and to live within the framework of a standard, people are in a constant state of consumption.  Undoubtedly, human beings, who are also productive beings, have to pay attention to their consumption in order to leave the world they live in in a more livable condition for future generations.  Otherwise, the deterioration of the vital balance of the earth brings with it the deterioration of ecology, the environment and human health.  The concept of sustainability refers to the efforts to provide the ability to be continuous in the world we live in as well as the material produced.  In addition to being a concept that should be the basic philosophy in many fields and disciplines, the common denominator of these fields is the sustainability of the world we live in.  One of the fields that play the most active role in the construction of a sustainable world is the field of design.  The field of design has a wide framework.  In this study, the subject of sustainability in graphic design, which is one of the branches of the design field has been investigated.  Sustainable design with its simple definition is the process of designing economic, ecological, sustainable objects and materials.  In today's world where consumption is very fast, almost everything is consumed rapidly, outdated and information is getting old quickly, design has a major responsibility in the name of sustainability, but on the other hand, technological developments make sustainable designs possible.  Sustainable designs enable the designer to create solutions that create value not only for today but also for the future by making the design process long-term

Comparison of inspection instruments in centrally governed Cypriot Turkish education with some European Union countries which adopted participatory government approach : Comparison of inspection instruments

The purpose of this study is to compare education and inspection systems and to reveal their similarities and differences in terms of structuring and functioning. Thus, it is aimed to make suggestions about education supervision in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus by determining its current state. In the study, the educational supervision systems of England, Germany, Finland, Spain, and France all member states of the European Union, which adopt the participatory management approach, were analysed and compared taking into account the availability of sufficient data. As a result of the research based on the document analysis technique, it is seen that France and Northern Cyprus have a more centralized control structure compared to other countries, whereas the schools in Germany, Finland and Spain are more autonomous. In England, schools are authorised to act more freely by choosing to obtain professional help from outside under the supervision of schools. In order to increase the quality of education in Northern Cyprus, it would be useful to carry out regular inspections, to include teachers in this process, and to establish a guidance approach

Xinyang folk songs, development and transmission process in Henan province of China: Development and transmission process of Xinyang folk songs

This article uses qualitative research and interview methods with the objective to study the development and transmission of Xinyang Folk songs in Henan province, China. The area was selected in Henan city, China. The field work method is mainly used for collecting data. together with the information from the document. Xinyang folk songs have evolved chronologically depending on social changes, the Xinyang folk songs were approved by the State Council to be included in the national intangible cultural heritage list, the Xinyang municipal government began to pay attention to the inheritance and protection of Xinyang folk songs. The method to transmission of Xinyang folk song are; 1) Establish the original ecological folk village and cultivate the living space of folk songs 2) Use new online media to expand the influence of folk songs and 3) Establish intangible cultural heritage training courses to train successor of Xinyang folk songs. &nbsp