Relationship of vascular variations with liver remnant volume in living liver transplant donors

Background: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the portal vein and hepatic artery variations and the remaining liver volume in living donors in liver transplantation.Materials and methods: In the study, triphasic abdominal computed tomography images of 180 live liver donor candidates were analysed retrospectively. Portal veins were divided into four groups according to the Nakamura classification and seven groups according to the Michels classification. The relationship between vascular variations and remnant liver volume was compared statistically.Results: According to the Nakamura classification, there were 143 (79.4%) type A, 23 (12.7%) type B, 7 (3.9%) type C and 7 (3.9%) type D cases. Using the Michels classification, 129 (71%) type 1, 12 (6.7%) type 2, 24 (13%) type 3, 2 (2.2%) type 4, 10 (5.6%) type 5, 1 (0.6%) type 6, and 2 (1.1%) type 7 cases were detected. There was no significant difference in the percentage of the remaining volume of the left liver lobe between the groups (p = 0.055, p = 0.207, respectively).Conclusions: Variations in the hepatic artery and portal vein do not affect the remaining liver volume in liver transplantation donors

Conservative Approach to Unilateral Condylar Fracture in a Growing Patient: A 2.5-Year Follow Up

Condylar fractures in children are especially important because of the risk of a mandibular growth-center being affected in the condylar head, which can lead to growth retardation and facial asymmetry. The purpose of this article is to follow up the two and half year clinical and radiological evaluation of the conservative treatment of a 10 year-old patient, who had a unilateral green-stick type fracture. The patient presented with painful facial swelling localized over the left condylar region, limited mouth-opening and mandibular deviation to the left. Panoramic radiography and computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of incomplete fracture on the left condyle with one side of the bone fractured and the other bent. Closed reduction was chosen to allow for initial fibrous union of the fracture segments and remodeling with a normal functional stimulus. A non-rigid mandibular splint was applied in order to remove the direct pressure on the fracture side of the mandible. Clinical and radiologic examination after 30 months revealed uneventful healing with reduction of the condylar head and remodeling of the condylar process following conservative treatment

Interaction between Axons and Specific Populations of Surrounding Cells Is Indispensable for Collateral Formation in the Mammillary System

An essential phenomenon during brain development is the extension of long collateral branches by axons. How the local cellular environment contributes to the initial sprouting of these branches in specific points of an axonal shaft remains unclear.The principal mammillary tract (pm) is a landmark axonal bundle connecting ventral diencephalon to brainstem (through the mammillotegmental tract, mtg). Late in development, the axons of the principal mammillary tract sprout collateral branches at a very specific point forming a large bundle whose target is the thalamus. Inspection of this model showed a number of distinct, identified cell populations originated in the dorsal and the ventral diencephalon and migrating during development to arrange themselves into several discrete groups around the branching point. Further analysis of this system in several mouse lines carrying mutant alleles of genes expressed in defined subpopulations (including Pax6, Foxb1, Lrp6 and Gbx2) together with the use of an unambiguous genetic marker of mammillary axons revealed: 1) a specific group of Pax6-expressing cells in close apposition with the prospective branching point is indispensable to elicit axonal branching in this system; and 2) cooperation of transcription factors Foxb1 and Pax6 to differentially regulate navigation and fasciculation of distinct branches of the principal mammillary tract.Our results define for the first time a model system where interaction of the axonal shaft with a specific group of surrounding cells is essential to promote branching. Additionally, we provide insight on the cooperative transcriptional regulation necessary to promote and organize an intricate axonal tree

Disaster relief operations: past, present and future

The aim of the preface is to introduce the scope of this special issue (SI). We explain our editorial approach and summarise our findings based on articles included in this SI. Finally, we outline future research questions which stemmed out of the discussions of this SI

Synthesis, characterization, thermal properties and reactivity ratios of methacrylate copolymers including methoxy group [Metoksi grubu içeren metakrilat polimerlerin sentez, karakterizasyon, termal özellik ve reaktivite oranlarının incelenmesi]

Purpose: The aim of the research is to synthesize and characterize a new monomer and copolymer, and to investigate its thermal properties. Also, the reactivity of the monomers in the copolymer synthesized in this work was also investigated. Theory and Methods: Synthesis and characterization of monomer, homopolymer and copolymer were carried out. The heat behavior of the polymers was investigated. The monomer reactivity ratios of the copolymers synthesized at low conversion were calculated by Elemental Analysis. Results: Polydispersity of the homopolymer was found to be close to the individual. When TGA analyzes were performed to determine the thermal properties of the polymers, it was found that the thermal stability of the polymers increased with the addition of another acrylate derivative. The linear methods Kelen Tüdos and Fineman Ross and the nonlinear method were found to be r1.r2?0,61 by the RREVM method. Conclusion: The monomers were successfully synthesized. As the amount of methyl methacrylate in the copolymers increases, the thermal stability of the copolymer also increases. It was observed that the synthesized copolymers exhibited the ideal copolymer behavior. © 2018 Gazi Universitesi Muhendislik-Mimarlik. All rights reserved.British Association for Psychopharmacology, BAPWe would like to thank the Research Foundation of Usak University (BAP) for financial support of this work. Project No: 2014/TP06

Influence of annealing temperature on structural, morphological and optical properties of nanostructured TiO 2 thin films

Thermal annealing is widely used to improve crystal quality, which affects electrical and structural properties by reducing study defects in materials. Therefore, enormous research efforts were focused on the control of material surface nanostructure through annealing processes, which is of interest for various technologies. However, no work providing a detailed explanation for the structural, morphological and optical parameters of nanostructured TiO 2 thin films deposited on glass at temperature above 500°C by the sol-gel dip coating method has been presented to date. In this work, we have grown nanostructured TiO 2 thin films by sol-gel dip coating method on glass substrates at room temperature and studied the effects of annealing temperature from 200 to 700°C on optical performance, microstructural changes and surface morphology evolution. The results of this work may be summarised as follows: the X-ray diffraction results show that annealed TiO 2 thin films have anatase crystal structure, and the intensities of the peaks of the crystalline phase increased with the increase in annealing temperature; from atomic force microscopy images, distinct variations in morphology of the thin films were also observed; and optical results show that TiO 2 films exhibit high visible transmittance, and it has a maximum transmittance of ?93·61% at 500°C annealing temperature. The optical band gap of the as grown thin films decreases from 3·68 to 3·31 eV with the increase in annealing temperatures. The TiO 2 thin film annealed at 500°C has the best optical property. The change in structural, morphological and optical properties with annealing temperature demonstrates that this material has a potential to be used as a novel technology such as nanoelectronics and possibly nano-optoelectronic devices based on nanomaterial for insulating, semiconducting and electron and/or hole blocking layer, etc. © 2012 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd

White-light generation with sub-ps pulses

We generate white light supercontinuum from slightly sub-picosecond pulses at 1.03 µm and 515 nm. We compare the spectra and stability for various crystals, focusing conditions and pulse durations, and determine the best parameters for sub-picosecond driver pulse duration. Comparing the experimental observations with the theory of white-light generation from Brodeur and Chin, it appears that in this particular range of pump pulse duration, two mechanisms interact and prevent a catastrophic collapse of the beam: multi-photon excitation (typical for ~100-fs-long pulses) and avalanche ionization (typical for >1-ps pulses). The two processes both manifest themselves in different experimental observations

Biyomimetik Olarak büyütülmüş Kitin Nano fiberlerin Diyelektriksel Özelliklerinin Frekansa Bağlılığı

20th National Biomedical Engineering Meeting, BIYOMUT 2016 -- 3 December 2016 through 5 December 2016 -- -- 126457The goal of this work was to provide ideas to analyze the electrical properties of biomimetic growth chitin nanofibers that was studied for frequencies between 100 Hz and 1 MHz. Dielectric measurements were performed using a HIOKI '3532-50 LCR HiTESTER' and the special built probe system that was used for determining thickness of the material sample at the same time. Specimens were prepared in a plate form. After sample testing, the frequency dependences of the capacitance, conductance, dielectric constant, and loss coefficient graphs, and the voltage dependences of the capacitance graph were plotted for material. © 2016 IEEE.Bu çalışmanın amacı, 100 Hz ile 1 MHz frekans aralığında çalışılarak, biomimetik olarak büyütülmüş kitin nanofiberlerin elektriksel özellikleri hakkında bilgi edinmekti. Dielektrik ölçümler, HIOKI "3532-50 LCR HiTESTER" ve özel olarak tasarlanmış, aynı zamanda numunenin kalınlığını ölçen bir probe sistemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Numuneler levha şeklinde hazırlanmıştır. Yapılan testler sonucunda malzemelerin; kapasitans, iletkenlik, dielektrik sabiti, ve kayıp katsayısı frekans değişimine göre grafiği ile kapasitansın voltaj değişimine göre grafiği çizilmiştir

Influence of abutment material and luting cements color on the final color of all ceramics

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of different abutment materials and luting cements color on the final color of implant-supported all-ceramic restorations. Materials and methods. Ten A2 shade IPS e.max Press disc shape all-ceramic specimens were prepared (11 × 1.5 mm). Three different shades (translucent, universal and white opaque) of disc shape luting cement specimens were prepared (11 × 0.2 mm). Three different (zirconium, gold-palladium and titanium) implant abutments and one composite resin disc shape background specimen were prepared at 11 mm diameter and appropriate thicknesses. All ceramic specimens colors were measured with each background and luting cement samples on a teflon mold. A digital spectrophotometer used for measurements and data recorded as CIE L*a*b* color co-ordinates. An optical fluid applied on to the samples to provide a good optical connection and measurements on the composite resin background was saved as the control group. ?E values were calculated from the ?L, ?a and ?b values between control and test groups and data were analyzed with one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and mean values were compared by the Tukey HSD test (? = 0.05). Results. One-way ANOVA of ?L, ?a, ?b and ?E values of control and test groups revealed significant differences for backgrounds and seldom for cement color groups (p the 0.05). Only zirconium implant abutment groups and gold palladium abutment with universal shade cement group were found to be clinically acceptable (?E ? 3.0). Conclusion. Using titanium or gold-palladium abutments for implant supported all ceramics will be esthetically questionable and white opaque cement will be helpful to mask the dark color of titanium abutment. © 2013 Informa Healthcare