Collection and protection of digital evidences in audit processesDenetim süreçlerinde dijital delillerin elde edilmesi ve korunması

Wide usage of information technologies in banking, finance, health and other commercial sectors requires performing of audit of these sectors through information systems. Collecting and protecting electronic evidence is critically important for both judicial process and results of audit activities. Gathering electronic evidences from an information system is a subject for computer forensics and requires special expertise and equipment. Conversely, in Turkey, most of the  institutions responsible for  supervision of financial and other relevant sectors have not enough knowledge and experience about forensic audit. Due to the absence of technical knowledge and tools, there would be deficiencies in collecting electronic evidence in accurate manner. In order to prevent these deficiencies, some alternative solutions are offered in this study. These solutions are adapting the computer forensic techniques to audit processes, providing appropriate training to auditors, establishing a legal environment, sharing of information system audit resource and outsourcing of forensic audit activities. ÖzetBankacılık, finans, sağlık ve diğer ticari sektörlerde bilgi teknolojilerinin kullanımının artması, denetim faaliyetlerinin de bilgi sistemleri üzerinden gerçekleştirilmesi gereksinimini doğurmaktadır. Elektronik ortamlardan dijital delil elde edilmesi ve korunması hem denetim faaliyetinin sonuçları hem de adli süreç açısından önem taşımaktadır. Dijital delillerin elde edilmesi ve korunması adli bilişim faaliyeti kapsamına girmektedir. Adli bilişim faaliyeti uzmanlık ve özel donanımların kullanımını gerektirmektedir. Ancak, Türkiye’de dış denetimle görevli kurumların faaliyetlerinde, adli bilişim yöntemlerine ilişkin yeterli teknik bilgi ve donanım bulunmamaktadır. Bu durum nedeniyle kamu denetim faaliyetlerinde dijital ortamlardan delil elde edilmesi ve korunmasında çeşitli eksiklikler söz konusudur. Bahse konu eksiklikler, denetim sonuçlarının adli sürece taşınması durumunda, çeşitli problemlere yol açabilecek niteliktedir. Bu çalışmada, adli bilişim teknik ve donanımlarına ilişkin eksikliklerin neden olabileceği olası problemlerin önlenebilmesi için çeşitli çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır. Çözüm önerileri, adli bilişim sürecinin denetim faaliyetlerine uyarlanması, denetçilere eğitim verilmesi, uygun bir yasal altyapı oluşturulması, bilgi sistemi denetim uzman ve araçlarının ortak kullanımı ve dış kaynak sağlanmasıdır

Can preoperative magnetic resonance imaging replace intraoperative frozen sectioning in the evaluation of myometrial invasion for early-stage endometrial carcinoma?

Objectives: To examine the performance of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative frozen sectioning in the assessment of myometrial invasion during the early stages of endometrial cancer.  Material and methods: This retrospective study employed data from patients with endometrial cancer who were operated on between January 2013 and November 2018. Patients who underwent preoperative MRI and were of FIGO 2009 stage I were included in the study. Radiological staging and intraoperative staging by frozen sectioning were carried out. The data were analyzed to assess agreement of the overall results concerning myometrial invasion.  Results: In total, 222 patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 58.3 ± 8.5 years. The accuracy of MRI for the detection of myometrial invasion was 88.7% and its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 91.6%, 82.1%, 92.2%, and 80.9%, respectively, with a kappa coefficient of 0.734 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.684–0.784; p < 0.001). The accuracy of intraoperative frozen sectioning was 94.4%, and its sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 97.7%, 85.7%, 94.7%, and 93.4%, respectively, with a kappa coefficient of 0.856 (95% CI, 0.812–0.900; p < 0.001). No significant difference in accuracy was observed between MRI and frozen sectioning (p = 0.057). MRI and frozen sectioning were sensitive for the detection of myometrial invasion, according to receiver operating curve analyses (areas under the curve, 0.869 and 0.917, respectively; p < 0.001).  Conclusions: The assessment of myometrial invasion by preoperative MRI and intraoperative frozen sectioning during the early stages of endometrial carcinoma was highly accurate.

Koçansız Şeker Mısırı Silajlarının Kalitesine Sodyum Format Katkısının Etkisi

This study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of organic acid-based sodium formate (SF) addition on nutrient contents, fermentation quality, dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed value of no-cob sweet corn silages. In the experiment, groups were formed by adding 0 % SF (control group), 1 % SF and 2 % SF to no-cob corn, and the fermentation period continued for 60 days. At the end of the study, it was determined that SF supplement decreased the dry matter, crude protein, crude oil, ADF, NDF, starch, ME, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol contents of corn silages, whereas it increased lactic acid, crude ash, and starch levels. In addition, it was found that the pH values of the experiment silages were statistically decreased with the addition of 1 % SF; dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed values were found to increase. At the end of the study, it was concluded that 1 % SF addition could be used because of its positive effect on the fermentation properties and dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed values as well as pH lowering and lactic acid-increasing effect of no-cob corn silages.Bu çalışma, farklı düzeylerde organik asit temeline dayalı sodyum format (SF) ilavesinin koçansız şeker mısır silajlarının ham besin madde içerikleri, fermentasyon kalitesi, kuru madde tüketimi, sindirilebilir kuru madde ve nispi yem değeri üzerine etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, koçansız mısır hasıllarına %0 SF (kontrol grubu); %1 SF ve %2 SF ilave edilerek gruplar oluşturulmuş ve 60 gün fermentasyona bırakılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda, SF katkısının mısır silajlarının kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ, ADF, NDF, nişasta, ME, asetik asit, propiyonik asit, bütirik asit ve etanol içeriklerini azalttığı, buna karşılık laktik asit, ham kül ve nişasta düzeylerini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma silajlarının pH değerlerinin, %1 SF ilavesiyle istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde azaldığı belirlenirken; kuru madde tüketimi, sindirilebilir kuru madde ve nispi yem değerlerinin ise arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda, %1 SF ilavesinin koçansız mısır silajlarının pH’sını düşürücü ve laktik asit artırıcı etkisinin yanı sıra kuru madde tüketimi, sindirilebilir kuru madde ve nispi yem değerleri üzerine pozitif etkisi nedeniyle kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır

The effect of lymph node metastasis on overall survival and disease-free survival in vulvar cancer patients

Objectives: To examine the effect of lymphadenectomy on survival in patients with squamous cell vulvar carcinoma.Material and methods: Patients with squamous cell vulvar cancer who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed.All procedures were performed according to current recommendations/standard of treatment. The clinical and pathologicalfeatures were examined. Sixty-eight patients were studied. The mean age was 64.7 ± 10.9 years. Twenty-three (33.8%)patients had nodal metastasis. Most patients (60.3%) were in stage IB. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy wereadministered to 33.8% and 25% of the patients, respectively. The median follow-up time was 28.5 (4–183) months. Recurrenceoccurred in 18 (26.5%) cases.Results: There was no significant difference between node-positive and node-negative patients in terms of age, number ofdissected lymph nodes and recurrence. Tumor diameter was significantly higher in the metastatic group. Age and surgicalmargin positivity were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Surgical margin positivity and lymph nodemetastasis had no effect on disease-free survival (DFS).Conclusions: Our results showed that age and surgical margin positivity were independent prognostic factors for OS.Although surgical margin positivity increased the risk of recurrence in univariate analysis, it was not a significant factoraffecting DFS. OS was significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastasis

Comparison of The Anxiety Levels Between The Family Members of The Patients Presenting to The Pediatric Trauma Unit and Pediatric Emergency Units

INTRODUCTION: It is not the right behaviour to accept every anxiety pathologically. On the contrary, the sense of anxiety is an indicator of the response of individuals to internal or external changes. More importantly, anxiety is a beneficial affective state for individuals who contribute to the development of self and bodily adaptability to the new environment in which they live. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective study. The study was conducted on the parents of the patients who applied to the paediatric emergency department and paediatric trauma units of the emergency department at Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine. Beck Anxiety Scale was administered to one of the relatives who brought the patient to the hospital. Beck anxiety test was filled in by using face-to-face interview method. Pre-defined study forms for patients included in the study were completed. RESULTS: The study was completed with 68 family members in both groups. The values of the patients who were admitted to the paediatric emergency and adult emergency departments on the Beck Anxiety Scale were equal. CONCLUSIONS: family members of paediatric patients admitted to hospital were compared; The family members of the paediatric trauma unit and the family members of the paediatric emergency department have the same level of anxiety

Analysis of Patients Who Present to Emergency Departments During Ramadan

INTRODUCTION: Fasting is one of the five basic obligations of Islam. Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan according to the lunar calendar. Fasting during Ramadan involves abstinence from food and drinks from sunrise to sunset. The present study investigated the effect of fasting during Ramadan in patients who presented to emergency departments. Results of this study may guide healthcare authorities in countries that provide health services to Muslim communities because of increased migration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is the first prospective multicentre study to examine emergency department applications for Ramadan. The study was performed between 05.26.2017 and 06.24.2017. Patients were classified according to cardiopulmonary complaints, trauma-associated complaints, neurological complaints, gastrointestinal complaints, headache, renal colic, upper respiratory tract complaints, and malaise. Vital signs, age, gender, presentation type, complaint type, hospital stay duration, requested laboratory examination, radiological examination, treatment outcomes, application time, smoking status, and fasting status of the study patients were recorded by using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Fasting and non-fasting patients showed a significant difference with respect to presentation type, gastrointestinal complaints, upper respiratory tract complaints, hospitalization status, requested radiological and biochemical examinations, hospitalization duration, and application time (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To the authors’ knowledge, the present study is the first to compare the complaints of fasting and non-fasting patients during Ramadan. The authors feel that this study is superior to several previous studies because it has been performed using a different perspective and provides more accurate and objective data than those reported in previous studies

Stage IB1 cervical cancer treated with modified radical or radical hysterectomy: does size determine risk factors?

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate prognostic factors status at smaller tumors in patients with stageIB1 cervical cancer (CC) who underwent modified radical or radical hysterectomy.Matherial and metods: Data from patients diagnosed with CC between January 1995 and January 2017 at the GynecologicalOncology Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital and Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul, Turkey, were investigated. A total of 182 stage IB1 CC cases were evaluated retrospectively.Results: Patients were divided into two groups according to tumor size (< 2 cm and ≥ 2 cm). There were no complicationsassociated with the operation in patients with a tumor size < 2 cm. Among patients with a tumor size ≥ 2 cm, however, 0.9% (n = 1) developed bladder laceration, 0.9% (n = 1) rectum laceration, and 0.9% (n = 1) pulmonary emboli (P = 0.583). The rates of intermediate risk factors (depth of stromal invasion and lymphovascular space invasion) were significantly higher and lymph node involvement significantly more frequent in patients with a tumor size ≥ 2 cm. However, there were no significant differences in parametrial invasion or vaginal margin involvement between the two groups.Conclusions: Intermediate risk factors and lymph node metastasis were significantly less frequent in patients with smalltumors measuring < 2 cm. However, although parametrial involvement and vaginal margin involvement were less common in patients with small tumors compared with large tumors (≥ 2 cm), the differences were not significant

Identification of resistance to Eurygaster integriceps Put. on some bread wheat genotypes

Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) is one of the most important pests of wheat in Eastern Europe including Turkey, West and Cen-tral Asia. Its damage on leaves, stems, spikes and grains reduce the baking quality of flour made from damaged grains. In this study, some wheat genotypes from Turkey and ICARDA were evaluated for the pest resistance. The genotypes were planted in a randomized block design using hill plots in nylon mesh screening cages in wheat growing season of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. Sunn pest population was collected from Çanakkale province, where the pest was intensely found in recent years. The plants of each hill plots were infested with one male and one female Sunn pest adults. The results with 12.5% sucking damage showed that the genotypes from ICARDA had higher resistance than the landraces from Turkey to Sunn pest. Especially, the genotypes IC3 and IC4 from ICARDA and TR7 from Turkey with respect to their SED and DSED values were found the most promising genotypes resistant to Sunn pest for future breeding programs

Numerical Study Of Nonlinear Oscillations And Pattern Formation İn Glow Discharge Semiconductor System

We studied asystem consisted of a planar glow discharge layer with short length in the forward direction and wide lateral dimensions, which iscoupled to a semiconductor layer with low conductivity. The whole structure is sandwiched between two planar electrodes, to which a dc voltage is applied. Experiments show that such a system can create different homogeneous stationary and homogeneous oscillating modes, patterns with spatial and spatiotemporal structures. We developed and applied full three-dimensional fluid numerical code to study temporal and spatial pattern formation in this system

DNA fingerprinting and assessment of some physiological changes in Al-induced Bryophyllum daigremontianum clones

Vardar, Filiz/0000-0002-1051-5628; Ozyigit, Ibrahim Ilker/0000-0002-0825-5951WOS: 000470332600011PubMed: 30911971Aluminum (Al) is one of the most important stress factors that reduce plant productivity in acidic soils. Present work thereby analyzed Al-induced genomic alterations in Bryophyllum daigremontianum clones using RAPD and ISSR markers, and investigated responding changes in photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) contents and total soluble protein amounts in plant leaves. The main reason for the use of bulbiferous spurs originated clone plants was to increase reliability and acceptability of RAPD and ISSR techniques in DNA fingerprinting. Raised 40 clone plants were divided into five separate groups each with eight individuals and each experimental group was watered with 0 (control), 0 (acid control), 50, 100 and 200 mu M AlCl3-containing Hoagland solutions on alternate days for two and a half months. All plant soils except control group were sprayed with 0.2% sulfuric acid following watering days and this contributed acidic characteristic (pH 4.8) to soil structure. Increase in Al concentrations were accompanied by an increase in total soluble protein amounts, a decrease in photosynthetic pigment contents, and with appearance, disappearance and intensity changes at RAPD and ISSR band profiles. Out of tested RAPD1-25 and ISSR1-15 primers, RAPD8, RAPD9, ISSR2 and ISSR7 primers produced reproducible band profiles that were distinguishable between treatment and control groups. Findings showed that RAPD and ISSR fingerprints have been useful biomarkers for investigation of plant genotoxicity, especially in clone plants. Moreover, if these fingerprints are integrated with other physiological parameters they could become more powerful tools in ecotoxicology.Duzce University Research FundDuzce University [2015.05.01.376]This project is supported by Duzce University Research Fund. Project Number: 2015.05.01.376