Flow virtual sensor based on deep learning techniques

[ES] En el contexto de la digitalización de la industria, los sensores virtuales resultan muy útiles tanto para construir gemelos digitales, que permiten simular comportamientos que ayudan a optimizar el proceso productivo y prevenir errores, como para ser utilizados en las situaciones en las que un sensor real es muy costoso o directamente no puede ser instalado. En este artículo se propone un método para implementar sensores virtuales utilizando tres de las técnicas de deep learning más comunes: redes convolucionales, redes neuronales densas y redes recurrentes. El método se ha utilizado para construir un sensor virtual de caudal en una maqueta de control de procesos que dispone de instrumentación industrial real.[EN] In the context of industry digitalization, virtual sensors are very useful both to develop digital twins, which simulate behaviors that help us to optimize the process and prevent faults, such as to be used on the cases where a real sensor is very expensive or cannot be installed. In this paper, it is proposed a method to develop virtual sensors using three of the most common deep learning techniques: convolutional networks, dense neural networks and recurrent neural networks. The method has been used to develop a flow virtual sensor for a pilot plant that has real industrial instrumentation

Characterization of a winter upwelling event in the Northern Galician Rias

II International Symposium in Marine Sciences = II Simposio internacional de Ciencias del Mar, Vigo, 27-30 abril 2009N

El Islam político en el Mediterráneo : radiografía de una evolución

Este libro se ha realizado en el marco de los proyectos de investigación financiados por el Institut Català Internacional per la Pau (ICIP) «Factor religiós i conflictes violents al Nord d'Àfrica, Orient Mitjà i Turquia: Presencia i visibilitat a Catalunya des d'una perspectiva comparada» (2011 RICIP00011) y «Les revoltes àrabs. De la Violència unilateral a la guerra: Participació i impacte de l'Islam polític» (2011 RICIP00011); y el proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad «Revueltas populares del Mediterráneo a Asia central: genealogía histórica, fracturas de poder y factores identitarios» (HAR2012-34053

Usefulness of bone turnover markers as predictors of mortality risk, disease progression and skeletal-related events appearance in patients with prostate cancer with bone metastases following treatment with zoledronic acid: TUGAMO study

Owing to the limited validity of clinical data on the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and bone metastases, biochemical markers are a promising tool for predicting survival, disease progression and skeletal-related events (SREs) in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive capacity of biochemical markers of bone turnover for mortality risk, disease progression and SREs in patients with PCa and bone metastases undergoing treatment with zoledronic acid (ZA). Methods: This was an observational, prospective and multicenter study in which ninety-eight patients were included. Patients were treated with ZA (4mg every 4 weeks for 18 months). Data were collected at baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months after the beginning of treatment. Serum levels of bone alkaline phosphtase (BALP), aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen type I (P1NP) and beta-isomer of carboxiterminal telopeptide of collagen I (b-CTX) were analysed at all points in the study. Data on disease progression, SREs development and survival were recorded. Results: Cox regression models with clinical data and bone markers showed that the levels of the three markers studied were predictive of survival time, with b-CTX being especially powerful, in which a lack of normalisation in visit 1 (3 months after the beginning of treatment) showed a 6.3-times more risk for death than in normalised patients. Levels of these markers were also predictive for SREs, although in this case BALP and P1NP proved to be better predictors. We did not find any relationship between bone markers and disease progression. Conclusion: In patients with PCa and bone metastases treated with ZA, b-CTX and P1NP can be considered suitable predictors for mortality risk, while BALP and P1NP are appropriate for SREs. The levels of these biomarkers 3 months after the beginning of treatment are especially importantThis study was supported by Novartis Oncology Spai

Oceanographical patterns during a summer upwelling-downwelling event in the Northern Galician Rias: comparison with the whole Ria system (NW of Iberian Peninsula)

Summer upwelling and downwelling processes were characterized in the Northern Galician Rias during July and August 2008 by means of sampling carried out onboard R/V Mytilus (CSIC) and R/V Lura (IEO). Thermohaline variables, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll, phytoplankton, ciliates and zooplankton abundances were measured at sections located in the Rias of Viveiro, Barqueiro and Ortigueira and their adjacent shelves. Ekman transport was calculated from QuikSCAT satellite, upwelling intensity estimated with upwelling index from the average daily geostrophic winds, and SST maps obtained from NASA GHRSST satellite. Ekman transport and SST behaviour showed two different patterns: (i) offshore and upwelling favourable conditions on 13-22nd of July; (ii) onshore and downwelling favourable conditions from 23rd July to 19th August. During upwelling, TS diagram showed an intrusion of Eastern North Atlantic Central Water affecting the continental shelf but not the rias. Nutrient salt concentrations increased with depth, reaching their maximum values near the mouth of Ortigueira Ria. During downwelling, coastal water increased its temperature (18.5-19.8°C) and was retained inside rias; nutrients were nearly depleted, except for the innermost ria (estuarine zone) due to fluvial nutrient inputs. In this inner area, the maximum of chlorophyll-a (Barqueiro Ria) was observed. Low phytoplankton abundances were measured in both cases, even though a short increase in the plankton biomass was observed inside rias during upwelling, while under downwelling a small red tide of Lingulodinium polyedrum was detected. During the upwelling period Northern Rias tend to be mesotrophic systems as revealed by nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll levels and plankton abundances. On the contrary, in similar situations, the Western Rias behaves as eutrophics.In the Northern Galician shelf, the average of upwelling (downwelling) was 1.9±0.8 (2.1±1.0)eventsyr-1 from May to September (1990-2008) considering at least one week with favourable wind conditions and UI averages out of the range of ±500m3s-1km-1.was supported by the project ‘Influence of meteorological forcing, land geochemistry and estuarine zone in the hydrodynamic, biogeochemical cycle of trace metal and rare earth and plankton transport in the Northern Galician Rias (NW Spain)’ financed by CICYT, ref. CTM2007-62546-C03/MAR (Acronym: INTERESANTE).Peer reviewe

Oceanographical patterns during a summer upwelling-downwelling event in the northern Galician Rias.

Publicado

A decade of sampling in the Bay of Biscay: What are the zooplankton time series telling us?

The project “Studies on time series of oceanographic data” was established as a pilot project by the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (I.E.O.) in 1991. After more than a decade, the project has grown to encompass a network of 19 sampling stations in five different transects along the North and Northwest coast of Spain: Vigo, Coruña, Cudillero, Gijón and Santander beginning in 1987, 1988, 1993, 2001, 1991, respectively. At each location a coastal-ocean gradient is sampled monthly for hydrography, nutrients and planktonic communities. We have used these data to set with statistical significance the range of variability of several environmental variables and biological communities and determined the rates and trends of warming due to climate change as well as to describe some direct and indirect effects of the increase in water temperature on the pelagic ecology. The project had substantially contributed to get a deeper knowledge on planktonic communities and species and to produce baselines, climatologies and reference levels for the North coast of Spain, which allow us to do accurate evaluations on the effects of environmental perturbations on the ecosystem and forecast the expected recovery time. These changes both in the physical structure of the water column and in the trophic level that drives ecosystem production and functioning are likely to also modify the structure, production and organization of higher trophic levels like zooplankton. Our analysis shows that only through sustained and repeated time series sampling it is feasible to detect these changes. Indeed, the annual cycle of zooplankton biomass seems to be restricted in time, with the annual decrease in zooplankton biomass matching the onset of stratification. The observed patterns in the seasonal occurrence of incoming species like Temora stylifera are related to those observed in the water column stratification, which is reinforced by the warming trend.Postprint