Utilization study in real clinical practice of ceftolozane/tazobactam vs aminoglycosides and/or colistin in the treatment of multirresistant or extremely resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Introduction. Comparative “real life” data on the effectiveness and safety of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) versus other regimens (aminoglycosides/colistin/combination), in the treatment of multi-resistant (MDR) and extremely resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), are needed to establish positions. Material and methods. Observational, retrospective study of patients with microbiological confirmation of MDR and XDR PA from July 2016 up to December 2018 in a tertiary hospital. Variables: age, sex, comorbidities, risk factors for multidrug resistance, variables related to infection, source of infection, microorganism and type of sample, antibiotic treatment, clinical cure, microbiological cure, recurrence, mortality on admission and 30 days post-discharge. Patients were classified according to received antibiotic treatment, C/T or aminoglycosides/colistin/combination Results. A total of 405 patients with PA MDR and XDR infection (73.1% men, mean age 63 ± 15 years) were studied. An 87.1% of PA XDR and a 12.9% MDR were observed. All patients received C/T as targeted therapy and in the amino-glycosides/colistin/combination group were 73.5%. Patients in the C/T group present worse prognostic factors: septic shock (30.0%) and catheterization (90.0%) (p<0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in microbiological cure (p=0.412), recurrence (p=0.880) and clinical cure (p=0.566). There were not statistically significant differences in mortality at admission (p=0.352) or at 30 days after discharge (p=0.231). A 17.2% of the patients with aminoglycosides/colistin/combination had acute kidney injury according to RIFLE criteria and 4.3% with C/T. Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that there have been no differences in effectiveness (clinical or microbiological cure) in favour of C/T, although, in the period studied, it was used in most cases in multitreated patients with a worse prognosis. Randomized and prospective studies would be needed to establish an adequate positioning. © The Author 2021

Effectiveness of an mHealth intervention combining a smartphone app and smart band on body composition in an overweight and obese population: Randomized controlled trial (EVIDENT 3 study)

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) is currently among the supporting elements that may contribute to an improvement in health markers by helping people adopt healthier lifestyles. mHealth interventions have been widely reported to achieve greater weight loss than other approaches, but their effect on body composition remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to assess the short-term (3 months) effectiveness of a mobile app and a smart band for losing weight and changing body composition in sedentary Spanish adults who are overweight or obese. Methods: A randomized controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted involving the participation of 440 subjects from primary care centers, with 231 subjects in the intervention group (IG; counselling with smartphone app and smart band) and 209 in the control group (CG; counselling only). Both groups were counselled about healthy diet and physical activity. For the 3-month intervention period, the IG was trained to use a smartphone app that involved self-monitoring and tailored feedback, as well as a smart band that recorded daily physical activity (Mi Band 2, Xiaomi). Body composition was measured using the InBody 230 bioimpedance device (InBody Co., Ltd), and physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: The mHealth intervention produced a greater loss of body weight (–1.97 kg, 95% CI –2.39 to –1.54) relative to standard counselling at 3 months (–1.13 kg, 95% CI –1.56 to –0.69). Comparing groups, the IG achieved a weight loss of 0.84 kg more than the CG at 3 months. The IG showed a decrease in body fat mass (BFM; –1.84 kg, 95% CI –2.48 to –1.20), percentage of body fat (PBF; –1.22%, 95% CI –1.82% to 0.62%), and BMI (–0.77 kg/m2, 95% CI –0.96 to 0.57). No significant changes were observed in any of these parameters in men; among women, there was a significant decrease in BMI in the IG compared with the CG. When subjects were grouped according to baseline BMI, the overweight group experienced a change in BFM of –1.18 kg (95% CI –2.30 to –0.06) and BMI of –0.47 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.80 to –0.13), whereas the obese group only experienced a change in BMI of –0.53 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.86 to –0.19). When the data were analyzed according to physical activity, the moderate-vigorous physical activity group showed significant changes in BFM of –1.03 kg (95% CI –1.74 to –0.33), PBF of –0.76% (95% CI –1.32% to –0.20%), and BMI of –0.5 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.83 to –0.19). Conclusions: The results from this multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial study show that compared with standard counselling alone, adding a self-reported app and a smart band obtained beneficial results in terms of weight loss and a reduction in BFM and PBF in female subjects with a BMI less than 30 kg/m2 and a moderate-vigorous physical activity level. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to ensure that this profile benefits more than others from this intervention and to investigate modifications of this intervention to achieve a global effect

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud.

La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados. En conmemoración del Día Mundial de la Obesidad, en este 2022 se presenta esta postura como insumo para el desarrollo de acciones en el ámbito profesional y de los diferentes sectores, en la que se incluyen 10 recomendaciones de acción, desde la perspectiva poblacional hasta la atención individualizada, y se enfatiza en la importancia de la participación social, de las intervenciones integrales con visión centrada en la persona y de la sostenibilidad planetaria, además de mejorar la educación y las campañas de difusión, propiciar un ambiente promotor de entornos activos y blindar de conflictos de interés los esfuerzos de prevención y control. La postura hace un llamado para abordar la obesidad de manera seria, con base en la evidencia científica, oportuna e integral, con enfoque de curso de vida, de forma ética y sensible, y sin perpetuar las barreras del estigma de peso en la sociedad

Ontogenetic and seasonal changes in the feeding habits and trophic levels of two small pelagic fish species

13 pages, 5 figures, 3 tablesWe investigated ontogenetic and seasonal changes in the feeding ecology of 2 small pelagic fish species, the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus and the European pilchard Sardina pilchardus in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean). By analysing the stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N, we determined the seasonal variation in the food sources and in the trophic level of these species, and we examined dietary shifts during development. The results of these investigations provided estimates of the diets of both species. We compared the values observed during different seasons (summer, autumn and winter) and at different developmental stages (late-larvae, juveniles and adults) for both species, together with the values of potential groups of prey (microplankton, cladocerans, copepods and appendicularians). Late-larvae preferred to feed on microplankton, although differences in the diet appeared after metamorphosis. Cladocerans were usually the preferred prey when available (summer), and appendicularians were the preferred prey in autumn. During the winter, the diets seemed to be more heterogeneous. Different feeding behaviours between the late-larvae of the 2 species were the most likely reason for the slightly different trophic levels found in the present study. This research demonstrates that studies with stable isotopes can furnish an alternative and/or complementary method for determining the diet of small pelagic fishes over extended periods and provides comprehensive knowledge of the functioning of the pelagic ecosystemD.C. was funded by a PhD contract within the European project SARDONE (FP6 - 44294). J.N. was supported by a postdoctoral contract of the Juan de la Cierva programme (MICINN-JDC, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation)Peer reviewe

Comparación de la dieta de juveniles de anchoa Engraulis encrasicolus y sardina Sardina pilchardus del Golfo de León en distintas épocas del año

Trabajo presentado en el XVI Simposio Ibérico de Estudios de Biología Marina (SIEBM), celebrado en Alicante (España), del 6 al 10 de septiembre de 201

Comparación de la dieta de juveniles de anchoa Engraulis encrasicolus y sardina Sardina pilchardus del Golfo de León en distintas épocas del año

Trabajo presentado en el XVI Simposio Ibérico de Estudios de Biología Marina (SIEBM), celebrado en Alicante (España), del 6 al 10 de septiembre de 201

Nanosized Nb-TiO2 gas sensors derived from alkoxides hydrolization

Nanocrystalline TiO2 modified with Nb has been produced through the sol-gel technique. Nanopowders have been obtained by means of the hydrolysis of pure alkoxides with deionized water and peptization of the resulting hydrolysate with diluted acid nitric at 100 C. The addition of Nb stabilizes the anatase phase to higher temperatures. XRD spectra of the undoped and the Nb-doped samples show that the undoped sample has been almost totally converted to rutile at 600 C, meanwhile the doped samples present still a low percentage of rutile phase. Nanocrystalline powders stabilized at 600 C with grain sizes of about 17 nm have successfully been synthesized by the addition of Nb with a concentration of 2% at., which appears to be an adequate additive concentration to improve the gas sensor performances, such as it is suggested by the catalytic conversion efficiency experiments performed from FTIR measurements. FTIR absorbance spectra show that catalytic conversion of CO occurs at lower temperatures when niobium is introduced. The electrical response of the films to different concentrations of CO and ethanol has been monitored in dry and wet environments in order to test the influence of humidity in the sensor response. The addition of Nb decreases the working temperature and increases the stability of the layers. Also, large enhancement of the response time is obtained even with lower working temperatures. Moreover, humidity effects on the gas sensor response toward CO and ethanol are less important in Nb-doped samples than in the undoped ones

Feeding ecology of horse mackerel juveniles in the Gulf of Lion

Trabajo presentado en el XVI Simposio Ibérico de Estudios de Biología Marina (SIEBM), celebrado en Alicante (España),del 6 al 10 de septiembre de 201