Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine.

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. As SARS-CoV-2 moves into endemic status, vaccination remains a key element in protecting the health of individuals, societies, and economies worldwide. AREAS COVERED: NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD) is a recombinant protein vaccine composed of SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer nanoparticles formulated with saponin-based Matrix-M™ adjuvant (Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD). NVX-CoV2373 is authorized for emergency use in adults and adolescents aged ≥12 years in the United States and numerous other countries. EXPERT OPINION: In clinical trials, NVX-CoV2373 showed tolerable reactogenicity and favorable safety profiles characterized by mostly mild-to-moderate adverse events of short duration and by low rates of severe and serious adverse events comparable to those seen with placebo. The two-dose primary vaccination series resulted in robust increases in anti-spike protein immunoglobulin G, neutralizing antibody titers, and cellular immune responses. NVX-CoV2373 vaccination was associated with complete protection against severe disease and a high (90%) rate of protection against symptomatic disease in adults, including symptomatic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants. Additionally, the NVX-CoV2373 adjuvanted recombinant protein platform offers a means to address issues of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and global vaccine equity

Segregación socioeconómica de colombianos en el municipio Maracaibo

El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar el grado de segregación de los colombianos residenciados en las dieciocho parroquias del municipio Maracaibo. Dicho estudio está basado en las referencias estadísticas disponibles para el 2001 elaboradas por el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE) del estado Zulia. Mediante la propuesta metodológica de segregación residencial, se establecen las condiciones socioeconómicas de estos inmigrantes dentro de la estructura urbana en la cual se insertan, a partir de sus niveles de segregación, aislamiento, interacción y concentración. El análisis relaciona comparativamente el grado de segregación de los colombianos con respecto al contexto de pobreza dentro del municipio, medido según el número de pobres estimados por el INE-Zulia. Se concluye sobre la situación de los ciudadanos colombianos y de los pobres en Maracaibo, en el sentido de especificar su nivel de integración social

Las actividades en el área de producción de alimentos y su incidencia en el medio ambiente

El turismo como fenómeno social y múltiple abarca diversas actividades, y algunas de ellas con impacto en el medio ambiente. En esas actividades está la hotelera con su infraestructura está la hotelera con su infraestructura investigación tiene como objetivo establecer en qué medida los hoteles venezolanos contribuyen estudio es de naturaleza teórico-práctica. Se analizaron tres hoteles capitalinos a través del instrumento de inspección sanitaria, diseñado por el Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social (1980), que determina el porcentaje de efectividad en deméritos. Los resultados arrojaron un 60.49% de efectividad promedio. La principal conclusión es que no se observaron acciones tácitamente expresas para contrarrestar el impacto que se realizan en el área de producción de alimentos, donde un problema importante es el referido al personal que en él labora y que requiere de talleres de inducción por parte de la gerencia del hotel para sensibilizarlos sobre la problemática ambiental

Mancomunidad Colombo - Venezolana para la integración fronteriza

Following the Principle of Subsidiarity, the commonwealth was analyzed for the purpose of the Colombian-Venezuelan border integration. On that basis, in accordance with the legal structure of each country, it is asserted that the operational framework for border cooperation is focused on progressively structuring adjacent regions with the intent to create conditions of welfare and establishing the foundations for development. The Principle of Subsidiarity is of vital importance when reshaping and strengthening local life within a federative structure of power. The conclusion is that the possibility of having a binational commonwealth is legally feasible, however, it is conditioned by how the decentralized federalism is assumed, as well as the consensus regarding the political and legal elements that materialize the commonwealth.Se analiza la mancomunidad para la integración fronteriza colombo-venezolana según el principio de la subsidiariedad. Por ello, de acuerdo con la estructura legal de cada país, se afirma que la cooperación fronteriza encuentra su marco operativo para estructurar progresivamente regiones colindantes abocadas a crear condiciones de bienestar y sentar bases de desarrollo. El principio de subsidiariedad cobra vital importancia al redimensionar y fortalecer la vida local dentro de una estructura de poder federativa. Se concluye que la posibilidad de una mancomunidad binacional es factible legalmente, pero está condicionada por la forma de asumir el federalismo descentralizado, así como por el consenso sobre los elementos de naturaleza política y jurídica que materializan la mancomunidad

Normas del personal administrativo de la Universidad del Zulia: Núcleo humanístico

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en identificar las normas presentes en el personal administrativo del Núcleo Humanístico de LUZ que comparte una cultura organizacional. El estudio realizado fue descriptivo. Se aplicó un muestreo aleatorio simple obteniéndose una muestra de setenta y tres (73) sujetos. Se elaboró un instrumento para la recolección de información tipo escala Likert considerando la clasificación desarrollada por Robbins, cuya confiabilidad fue de 97,2%. La investigación permite concluir que existen normas de desempeño vinculadas a la realización del trabajo, normas para la distribución de los recursos relacionadas con las herramientas y equipos y normas sociales referentes a los actos de reconocimiento. Las normas existentes son de índole informal antes que formal. Se recomienda a la Dirección de Recursos Humanos diseñar un reglamento para los empleados administrativos que incluya normas formales de manera explícit

Resolving the Polarized Dust Emission of the Disk around the Massive Star Powering the HH 80-81 Radio Jet

Here we present deep (16 μJy beam), very high (40 mas) angular resolution 1.14 mm, polarimetric, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations toward the massive protostar driving the HH 80-81 radio jet. The observations clearly resolve the disk oriented perpendicularly to the radio jet, with a radius of ≃0.″171 (∼291 au at 1.7 kpc distance). The continuum brightness temperature, the intensity profile, and the polarization properties clearly indicate that the disk is optically thick for a radius of R ≲ 170 au. The linear polarization of the dust emission is detected almost all along the disk, and its properties suggest that dust polarization is produced mainly by self-scattering. However, the polarization pattern presents a clear differentiation between the inner (optically thick) part of the disk and the outer (optically thin) region of the disk, with a sharp transition that occurs at a radius of ∼0.″1 (∼170 au). The polarization characteristics of the inner disk suggest that dust settling has not occurred yet with a maximum dust grain size between 50 and 500 μm. The outer part of the disk has a clear azimuthal pattern but with a significantly higher polarization fraction compared to the inner disk. This pattern is broadly consistent with the self-scattering of a radiation field that is beamed radially outward, as expected in the optically thin outer region, although contribution from non-spherical grains aligned with respect to the radiative flux cannot be excluded.© 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/ JAO.ALMA#2015.1.00480.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan) and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. J.M.G., R.E., G.A., N.A.L., G.B., J.F.G., M.O., and J.M.T. are supported by the MINECO (Spain) AYA2014-57369-C3 and AYA2017-84390-C2 coordinated grants. S.C. acknowledges support from DGAPA, UNAM, and CONACyT, Mexico. H.Y. is supported in part by ALMA SOS, and Z.L.Y. by NASA NNX14AB38G and NSF AST-1313083 and 1715259. M.P. acknowledges funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 664931. I.J.S. acknowledges financial support from STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (ST/L004801). J.M. acknowledges support from MINECO (Spain) AYA2016-76012-C3-3-P grant

Immune correlates analysis of the PREVENT-19 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial

Authors have previously reported on the efficacy and safety of the recombinant spike protein nanoparticle vaccine, NVX-CoV2373, in healthy adults. In this work, they assess anti-spike binding IgG, anti-RBD binding IgG and neutralising antibody titer as correlates of risk and protection against COVID-19

Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context

Summary: Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health