Stress-dependent local oxidation of silicon

The two-dimensional isolation oxidation of silicon is considered for stress-dependent reaction and diffusion coefficients. The influence of such parameters is investigated numerically and asymptotically in the bird's beak problem and for curved geometries arising in the oxidation of cylindrical and spherical structures. In the bird's beak problem, the limit of large activation volume is described for a stress-dependent reaction coefficient, illustrating the significant growth retardation of the silicon/silicon oxide interface and reduced stresses in the silicon oxide. Novel high-order nonlinear evolution-type PDEs are derived and investigated using asymptotic and numerical techniques

Reinventar o futuro em sintonia com a identidade : traçado de uma ecovia que potencie os patrimónios natural e cultural dos terceirenses

Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão e Conservação da Natureza, 14 de outubro de 2019, Universidade dos Açores.A ilha Terceira, sendo uma ilha do arquipélago dos Açores, com cerca de 400 km2, torna possível e fácil a deslocação das pessoas de bicicleta, diminuindo o impacto dos combustíveis fósseis. Como a velocidade atingida é inferior à de um carro, é possível apreciar a natureza omnipresente sem lhe causar grande impacto. O acentuado crescimento de um turismo de natureza nas ilhas vem, a par do incremento de estilos de vida saudáveis junto dos residentes, reforçar a necessidade de criar condições para que as pessoas possam usufruir deste meio de transporte alternativo, desfrutando em segurança dos recursos paisagísticos existentes. É, neste sentido, que surge a ideia de criar uma ecovia. A sua implementação exige, todavia, que seja ponderado um conjunto de vertentes tão distintas quanto: as questões climáticas e orográficas do terreno, os recursos naturais e culturais, o ordenamento do território, as infraestruturas existentes, entre outras. Para a escolha do traçado, que melhor valorize estas caraterísticas, foi necessário recorrer a um conjunto de informações indagadas pela investigadora e ao saber especializado e processado de peritos, através de entrevistas, que sustentaram posições muito distintas sobre esta questão. A informação recolhida foi projetada em diferentes mapas, através dos SIG, possibilitando o traçado de diferentes cenários possíveis, dividido em vários troços, que delimitaram as áreas com maior aptidão para implementação de uma ecovia na Ilha Terceira. Desta forma, a metodologia adotada assumiu um caráter multidisciplinar, desenvolvida em três momentos distintos: no tratamento de recolha de dados, no processo de análise de dados e na apresentação e discussão dos resultados obtidos da 1ª proposta do traçado edafoclimático e da 2ª proposta do traçado com a valorização dos patrimónios naturais e histórico-culturais da ecovia, bem como a apresentação das conclusões. A proposta do traçado final é a mais confiável para a implementação de uma ecovia na Ilha Terceira, pois resultou de uma metodologia diversificada e robusta, que emergiu do conhecimento de profissionais, recolhido e testado através de métodos e ferramentas, tornando-se crucial para estar à altura do dinamismo exigido por este projeto.ABSTRACT: Terceira Island is in Azores archipelago. This Island has 400km2 what permits people cycling all the day, reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. The speed is lower than a car, so it is possible to enjoy and appreciate all landscapes, with no direct impact. The strong growth of nature tourism in all islands combined with the healthy lifestyle of population have created the need to join conditions for people cycling securely and enjoying the peaceful and charming landscapes. This is why the idea of creating a Greenway emerges. However, its implementation requires a deep analysis of distinct areas, such as: climate and topography issues in the ground, natural and cultural resources, territorial planning, and infrastructures, among others. To choose the best track, the researcher gathered data combined with expert’s knowledge through structured interviews which supported very distinct positions about this subject. The collected data was processed in SIG’s maps, allowing the creation of numerous tracks, divided into different sections, which delimited regions with more ability to the Greenway’s implementation, in Terceira Island. Thus, the adopted methodology led a multidisciplinary dimension, developed in three moments: data cleaning/analysis, data handling and present/discuss the conclusion and obtained results in the 1st edaphic track proposal and in the 2nd track proposal with the valorisation of the natural, cultural and historical heritage. The final track proposal is the most trusted to implement the Greenway in Terceira, due it’s resulted from a straight application of the strong and appropriate methodology, which emerged of expert’s knowledge and tested using methods and tools. This proposal is the key to match this project’s dynamism

Nominal Wage Stickiness and Aggregate Supply in the Great Depression

Building on earlier work by Eichengreen and Sachs, we use data for 22 countries to study the role of wage stickiness in propagating the Great Depression. Recent research suggests that monetary shocks, transmitted internationally by the gold standard, were a major cause of the Depression. Accordingly, we use money supplies and other aggregate demand shifters as instruments to identify aggregate supply relationships. We find that nominal wages adjusted quite slowly to falling prices, and that the resulting increases in real wages depressed output. These findings leave open the question of why wages were so inertial in the face of extreme labor market conditions.

Labor market institutions and the business cycle Unemployment rigidities vs. real wage rigidities

This paper investigates the importance of labor market institutions for inflation and unemployment dynamics. Using the New Keynesian framework we argue that labor market institutions should be divided into those institutions that cause Unemployment Rigidities (UR) and those that cause Real Wage Rigidities (RWR). The two types of institutions have opposite effects and their interaction is crucial for the dynamics of inflation and unemployment. We estimate a panel VAR with deterministically varying coefficients and find that there is a profound difference in the responses of unemployment and inflation to shocks under different constellations of the labor market. JEL Classification: E32, E24, E52business cycle, Labor Market Search, monetary policy, Real Wage Rigidity, Unemployment

Boletín oficial de la provincia de León: Num. 107 (10/09/1869)

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2011-201

The quality of demographic data in 1804 comparing Paraíba do Norte (Brazil), Angola and Goa

O estudo da população do Império Português conta com um vasto corpus de dados estatísticos, desde meados do século xviii. No entanto, estas fontes revelam uma grande diversidade de conteúdos, devido à organização de dados e a realidades sociais diferentes. Esta circunstância pressupõe a necessidade de se proceder a uma análise muito cuidadosa da qualidade das fontes, antes de identificar e reconstruir os principais indicadores emográficos da população colonial. É nosso objetivo proceder, de forma exploratória, a uma crítica interna das fontes e analisar, sempre que possível, a qualidade dos dados através de métodos testados, em mapas de 1804 de Goa, Angola e Paraíba do Norte (Brasil).The study of the Portuguese empire population has a vast corpus of statistical data since middle eighteenth century. However, these sources reveal a great diversity in contents, due to the data organization and different social realities. This circumstance presupposes the need to proceed to a very careful analysis of sources quality, before identifying and rebuild the main demographic indicators of the colonial population. It is our goal to proceed in an exploratory manner, and to do an internal critique analysis of the sources, and analyze always as possible the quality of data by tested methods, in 1804 charts of Goa, Angola and Paraíba do Norte (Brazil).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Il Kalevala e la mitologia finnica in Italia : traduzioni, ricerche e letteratura

New version (2021) of the Italian chapter previously published in 2014 (bilingual edition of the book - Italian and English) and in 2015 (Italian edition): the original Italian text has been reviewed and corrected, the bibliography improved and standardized, and there are new footnotes for Italian readers written by the reviewers of the mythological series "Bifröst" (VociFuiriScena): Dario Giansanti and Elisa Zanchetta. The chapters are based on the papers of the scientific symposium: "Kalevala: Epica, Magia, Arte e Musica / Kalevala: Epic, Magic, Art and Music" organized in Bottenicco di Moimacco / Cividale del Friuli (Udine, Italy) for the centenary of Kalevalaseura (2011).Non peer reviewe

Prácticas médico-quirúrgicas en Al-Ándalus y su huella en el registro arqueológico

En el presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado, expondré cómo se introduce la Medicina árabe en la Península, centrándome principalmente en la Cirugía y el instrumental para la práctica de la misma, hallado en el registro arqueológico. Para ello, se plantean algunas preguntas a las que intentaré dar respuesta, como son ¿Cómo fue la evolución de la Medicina árabe? ¿En qué se basaba la Medicina en la Edad Media en al-Ándalus? ¿Cómo era la Medicina en la Península antes de la llegada de los árabes? ¿Quiénes son los personajes más destacados y qué obras nos dejaron? ¿Cómo era el instrumental quirúrgico en esta época? ¿Hubo innovaciones o siguió patrones de periodos anteriores? Para resolver dichas cuestiones, la metodología que hemos seguido se ha basado en el estudio de fuentes escritas, además de catálogos de museos y exposiciones y también anuarios arqueológicos. Por tanto, este trabajo se divide en un primer apartado introductorio, donde se muestra la evolución histórica de la Medicina árabe en general y, más concretamente, en la Península Ibérica. Posteriormente un segundo apartado donde se aborda la metodología empleada para la elaboración del mismo: búsqueda bibliográfica sobre la Medicina en al-Ándalus en distintas épocas con las figuras más representativas y sus aportaciones al campo de la Medicina, especialmente la Cirugía; acompañado de un trabajo más práctico consistente en la elaboración de fichas del instrumental hallado en registro arqueológico. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones a las que se ha llegado tras el estudio.In this Degree Dissertation, I will present how Arab Medicine is introduced in Iberia, focusing mainly on Surgery and the instruments for the practice of it, found in the archaeological record. To this end, some questions are posed to which I will try to answer, such as: How was the evolution of Arab medicine? On what was Medicine based in the Middle Ages on al-Andalus? How was Medicine in the Peninsula before the arrival of the Arabs? Who are the most outstanding characters and what works did they leave us? What was the surgical instrument like at this time? Were there innovations or did it follow patterns from earlier periods? To solve these questions, the methodology we have followed has been based on the study of written sources, as well as museum and exhibition catalogues and archaeological yearbooks. This work is therefore divided into a first introductory section, which shows the historical evolution of Arab medicine in general and, more specifically, in the Iberian Peninsula. Later a second section dealing with the methodology used to produce it: a bibliographic search on Medicine in al-Andalus at different times with the most representative figures and their contributions to the field of Medicine, especially the Surgery; accompanied by a more practical work consisting in the elaboration of records of the instruments found in archaeological record. Finally, the findings of the study are presented

Labor market institutions and the business cycle Unemployment rigidities vs. real wage rigidities

This paper investigates the importance of labor market institutions for inflation and unemployment dynamics. Using the New Keynesian framework we argue that labor market institutions should be divided into those institutions that cause Unemployment Rigidities (UR) and those that cause Real Wage Rigidities (RWR). The two types of institutions have opposite effects and their interaction is crucial for the dynamics of inflation and unemployment. We estimate a panel VAR with deterministically varying coefficients and find that there is a profound difference in the responses of unemployment and inflation to shocks under different constellations of the labor market