Rotorcraft flight-propulsion control integration: An eclectic design concept

The NASA Ames and Lewis Research Centers, in conjunction with the Army Research and Technology Laboratories, have initiated and partially completed a joint research program focused on improving the performance, maneuverability, and operating characteristics of rotorcraft by integrating the flight and propulsion controls. The background of the program, its supporting programs, its goals and objectives, and an approach to accomplish them are discussed. Results of the modern control governor design of the General Electric T700 engine and the Rotorcraft Integrated Flight-Propulsion Control Study, which were key elements of the program, are also presented

Rotorcraft flight-propulsion control integration

The NASA Ames and Lewis Research Centers, in conjunction with the Army Research and Technology Laboratories have initiated and completed, in part, a joint research program focused on improving the performance, maneuverability, and operating characteristics of rotorcraft by integrating the flight and propulsion controls. The background of the program, its supporting programs, its goals and objectives, and an approach to accomplish them are discussed. Results of the modern control governor design of the T700 and the Rotorcraft Integrated Flight-Propulsion Control Study, which were key elements of the program, are also presented

Influencia del consumo de alcohol en la percepción del gusto de los sabores dulces y salados en estudiantes universitarios

Objetivo: evaluar la influencia del consumo de alcohol en la percepción gustativa de los sabores dulces y salados en estudiantes universitarios. Método: es un estudio epidemiológico, transversal y analítico, realizado con 330 estudiantes universitarios. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario sobre información personal, académica y sociodemográfica, la Identificación de Trastornos por Uso de Alcohol, para medir los datos antropométricos y se aplicó una prueba de umbral gustativo. Se realizó la prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, se utilizó la prueba de Mann Whitney para comparar los umbrales medios entre grupos y el análisis de correlación estratificado para evaluar el efecto del consumo de alcohol en el umbral gustativo. Se adoptó el nivel de significancia de 0.05 para el análisis estadístico. Resultados: se encontró la media del umbral gustativo para los sabores dulces 2,98 (DE ± 2,20) y salado 0,22 (DE ± 0,23). Al comparar los grupos en estudio, se evidenció que el consumo de alcohol se correlacionó negativamente (r = -0,205; p = 0,004) con el umbral salado entre los individuos en cursos de salud. No hubo correlación estadísticamente significativa entre el consumo de alcohol, la actividad física y el riesgo cardiovascular según la circunferencia de la cintura en los grupos evaluados. Conclusión: hubo correlación entre el consumo de alcohol y la percepción gustativa; a mayor consumo de alcohol menor sensibilidad gustativa al gusto salado.Objetivo: avaliar a influência do consumo de álcool na percepção gustativa aos gostos doce e salgado em estudantes universitários. Método: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e analítico realizado com 330 estudantes universitários. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário sobre as informações pessoais, acadêmicas e sociodemográficas, o Alcohol Use Disorder Identification, com a mensuração de dados antropométricos, e foi aplicado o teste de limiar gustativo. Foram realizados o teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov, utilizando-se o teste de Mann Whitney para a comparação das médias dos limiares entre os grupos, e a análise de correlação estratificada para avaliar o efeito do uso de álcool sob o limiar gustativo. Adotou-se o nível de significância de 0,05 para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: foram encontradas as médias do limiar gustativo aos gostos doce 2,98 (dp±2,20) e salgado 0,22 (dp±0,23). Ao comparar os grupos em estudo, evidenciou-se que o consumo de álcool esteve negativamente correlacionado (r= -0,205; p= 0,004) ao limiar salgado entre os indivíduos dos cursos de saúde. Não houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre o consumo de álcool, a atividade física e o risco cardiovascular segundo a circunferência da cintura nos grupos avaliados. Conclusão: notou-se uma correlação entre o consumo de álcool e percepção gustativa; quanto maior o consumo de álcool, menor a sensibilidade gustativa ao gosto salgado.Objective: to evaluate the influence of alcohol consumption on the taste perception of sweet and salty tastes in university students. Method: it is an epidemiological, transversal and analytical study, carried out with 330 university students. For data collection, a questionnaire about personal, academic and sociodemographic information, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification, was used to measure anthropometric data and a taste threshold test was applied. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was performed, the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the mean thresholds between the groups and stratified correlation analysis to assess the effect of alcohol use on the taste threshold. The significance level of 0.05 was adopted for statistical analysis. Results: the mean of the taste threshold for sweet tastes 2.98 (SD ± 2.20) and salty 0.22 (SD ± 0.23) were found. When comparing the groups under study, it was evidenced that alcohol consumption was negatively correlated (r = -0.205; p = 0.004) to the salty threshold among individuals in health courses. There was no statistically significant correlation between alcohol consumption, physical activity and cardiovascular risk according to waist circumference in the evaluated groups. Conclusion: there was a correlation between alcohol consumption and gustatory perception; the higher the alcohol consumption the lower the gustatory sensitivity to salty taste

Environmental factors influencing primary productivity of the forest-forming kelp Laminaria hyperborea in the northeast Atlantic

© 2020, The Author(s). Rates and drivers of primary productivity are well understood for many terrestrial ecosystems, but remain poorly resolved for many marine ecosystems, particularly those within in coastal benthic environments. We quantified net primary productivity (NPP) using two methods as well as carbon standing stock within kelp forests (Laminaria hyperborea) at multiple subtidal habitats in the United Kingdom (UK). Study sites spanned 9° in latitude and encompassed a gradient in average temperature of ~ 2.5 °C. In addition to temperature, we measured other factors (e.g. light intensity, water motion, nutrients, sea urchin density) that may influence productivity. Although estimates of NPP were highly variable between sites, ranging from 166 to 738 g C m-2 yr-1, our study-wide average of 340 g C m-2 yr-1 indicated that L. hyperborea forests are highly productive. We observed clear differences between NPP and carbon standing stock between our cold northernmost sites and our warm southernmost sites, with NPP and standing stock being around 1.5 and 2.5 times greater in the northern sites, respectively. Ocean temperature was identified as a likely driver of productivity, with reduced NPP and standing stock observed in warmer waters. Light availability was also strongly linked with carbon accumulation and storage, with increased light levels positively correlated with NPP and standing stock. Across its geographical range, total NPP from L. hyperborea is estimated at ~ 7.61 Tg C yr-1. This biomass production is likely to be important for local food webs, as a trophic subsidy to distant habitats and for inshore carbon cycling and (potentially) carbon sequestration. However, given the strong links with temperature, continued ocean warming in the northeast Atlantic may reduce primary productivity of this foundation species, as optimal temperatures for growth and performance are surpassed

Responding to regulatory jolts in the English higher education sector

Throughout the world universities are having to face constantly changing environments. A particular type of important change is public policy reforms or regulatory jolts. The English higher education sector is an example of the latter, where constant regulatory jolts have been seen in past decades. Leaders at universities have needed to interpret these environmental changes and decide how to cope with them. In this paper, the case of the post-Browne Review reforms in England’s higher education sector is used in order to explore how senior leaders in universities make sense of regulatory jolts. Based on primary qualitative research, which involved 47 semi-structured interviews with senior university leaders in England, including 24 vice-chancellors, I explore how senior leaders in universities interpreted, or made sense of, the post-Browne Review regulatory jolt. The paper suggests that senior university leaders’ interpretations might be deeply intertwined with their identity interpretations of who they are throughout these periods of turbulence. © 2016 European Higher Education Society