830 research outputs found
Security of 5G-V2X: Technologies, Standardization and Research Directions
Cellular-Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) aims at resolving issues pertaining to
the traditional usability of Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle to
Vehicle (V2V) networking. Specifically, C-V2X lowers the number of entities
involved in vehicular communications and allows the inclusion of
cellular-security solutions to be applied to V2X. For this, the evolvement of
LTE-V2X is revolutionary, but it fails to handle the demands of high
throughput, ultra-high reliability, and ultra-low latency alongside its
security mechanisms. To counter this, 5G-V2X is considered as an integral
solution, which not only resolves the issues related to LTE-V2X but also
provides a function-based network setup. Several reports have been given for
the security of 5G, but none of them primarily focuses on the security of
5G-V2X. This article provides a detailed overview of 5G-V2X with a
security-based comparison to LTE-V2X. A novel Security Reflex Function
(SRF)-based architecture is proposed and several research challenges are
presented related to the security of 5G-V2X. Furthermore, the article lays out
requirements of Ultra-Dense and Ultra-Secure (UD-US) transmissions necessary
for 5G-V2X.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, Preprin
Prototyping and Evaluation of Infrastructure-assisted Transition of Control for Cooperative Automated Vehicles
Automated driving is now possible in diverse road and traffic conditions. However, there are still situations that automated vehicles cannot handle safely and efficiently. In this case, a Transition of Control (ToC) is necessary so that the driver takes control of the driving. Executing a ToC requires the driver to get full situation awareness of the driving environment. If the driver fails to get back the control in a limited time, a Minimum Risk Maneuver (MRM) is executed to bring the vehicle into a safe state (e.g., decelerating to full stop). The execution of ToCs requires some time and can cause traffic disruption and safety risks that increase if several vehicles execute ToCs/MRMs at similar times and in the same area. This study proposes to use novel C-ITS traffic management measures where the infrastructure exploits V2X communications to assist Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in the execution of ToCs. The infrastructure can suggest a spatial distribution of ToCs, and inform vehicles of the locations where they could execute a safe stop in case of MRM. This paper reports the first field operational tests that validate the feasibility and quantify the benefits of the proposed infrastructure-assisted ToC and MRM management. The paper also presents the CAV and roadside infrastructure prototypes implemented and used in the trials. The conducted field trials demonstrate that infrastructure-assisted traffic management solutions can reduce safety risks and traffic disruption
On the needs and requirements arising from connected and automated driving
Future 5G systems have set a goal to support mission-critical Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications and they contribute to an important step towards connected and automated driving. To achieve this goal, the communication technologies should be designed based on a solid understanding of the new V2X applications and the related requirements and challenges. In this regard, we provide a description of the main V2X application categories and their representative use cases selected based on an analysis of the future needs of cooperative and automated driving. We also present a methodology on how to derive the network related requirements from the automotive specific requirements. The methodology can be used to analyze the key requirements of both existing and future V2X use cases
Pay as You Go: A Generic Crypto Tolling Architecture
The imminent pervasive adoption of vehicular communication, based on
dedicated short-range technology (ETSI ITS G5 or IEEE WAVE), 5G, or both, will
foster a richer service ecosystem for vehicular applications. The appearance of
new cryptography based solutions envisaging digital identity and currency
exchange are set to stem new approaches for existing and future challenges.
This paper presents a novel tolling architecture that harnesses the
availability of 5G C-V2X connectivity for open road tolling using smartphones,
IOTA as the digital currency and Hyperledger Indy for identity validation. An
experimental feasibility analysis is used to validate the proposed architecture
for secure, private and convenient electronic toll payment
Heterogeneous V2V Communications in Multi-Link and Multi-RAT Vehicular Networks
Connected and automated vehicles will enable advanced traffic safety and
efficiency applications thanks to the dynamic exchange of information between
vehicles, and between vehicles and infrastructure nodes. Connected vehicles can
utilize IEEE 802.11p for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure
(V2I) communications. However, a widespread deployment of connected vehicles
and the introduction of connected automated driving applications will notably
increase the bandwidth and scalability requirements of vehicular networks. This
paper proposes to address these challenges through the adoption of
heterogeneous V2V communications in multi-link and multi-RAT vehicular
networks. In particular, the paper proposes the first distributed (and
decentralized) context-aware heterogeneous V2V communications algorithm that is
technology and application agnostic, and that allows each vehicle to
autonomously and dynamically select its communications technology taking into
account its application requirements and the communication context conditions.
This study demonstrates the potential of heterogeneous V2V communications, and
the capability of the proposed algorithm to satisfy the vehicles' application
requirements while approaching the estimated upper bound network capacity
5G for Vehicular Use Cases: Analysis of Technical Requirements, Value Propositions and Outlook
The fifth generation (5G) of wireless networks promises to meet the stringent requirements of vehicular use cases that cannot be supported by previous technologies. However, the stakeholders of the automotive industry (e.g., car manufacturers and road operators) are still skeptical about the capability of the telecom industry to take the lead in a market that has been dominated by dedicated intelligent transport systems (ITS) deployments. In this context, this paper constructs a framework where the potential of 5G to support different vehicular use cases is thoroughly examined under a common format from both the technical and business perspectives. From the technical standpoint, a storyboard description is developed to explain when and how different use case scenarios may come into play (i.e., pre-conditions, service flows and post-conditions). Then, a methodology to trial each scenario is developed including a functional architecture, an analysis of the technical requirements and a set of target test cases. From the business viewpoint, an initial analysis of the qualitative value perspectives is conducted considering the stakeholders, identifying the pain points of the existing solutions, and highlighting the added value of 5G in overcoming them. The future evolution of the considered use cases is finally discussed
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