4,415 research outputs found
Encoding models for scholarly literature
We examine the issue of digital formats for document encoding, archiving and
publishing, through the specific example of "born-digital" scholarly journal
articles. We will begin by looking at the traditional workflow of journal
editing and publication, and how these practices have made the transition into
the online domain. We will examine the range of different file formats in which
electronic articles are currently stored and published. We will argue strongly
that, despite the prevalence of binary and proprietary formats such as PDF and
MS Word, XML is a far superior encoding choice for journal articles. Next, we
look at the range of XML document structures (DTDs, Schemas) which are in
common use for encoding journal articles, and consider some of their strengths
and weaknesses. We will suggest that, despite the existence of specialized
schemas intended specifically for journal articles (such as NLM), and more
broadly-used publication-oriented schemas such as DocBook, there are strong
arguments in favour of developing a subset or customization of the Text
Encoding Initiative (TEI) schema for the purpose of journal-article encoding;
TEI is already in use in a number of journal publication projects, and the
scale and precision of the TEI tagset makes it particularly appropriate for
encoding scholarly articles. We will outline the document structure of a
TEI-encoded journal article, and look in detail at suggested markup patterns
for specific features of journal articles
Transfer matrix approach for the Kerr and Faraday rotation in layered nanostructures
To study the optical rotation of the polarization of light incident on
multilayer systems consisting of atomically thin conductors and dielectric
multilayers we present a general method based on transfer matrices. The
transfer matrix of the atomically thin conducting layer is obtained using the
Maxwell equations. We derive expressions for the Kerr (Faraday) rotation angle
and for the ellipticity of the reflected (transmitted) light as a function of
the incident angle and polarization of the light. The method is demonstrated by
calculating the Kerr (Faraday) angle for bilayer graphene in the quantum
anomalous Hall state placed on the top of dielectric multilayers. The optical
conductivity of the bilayer graphene is calculated in the framework of a
four-band model.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
E-LEARING
Electronic learning (or e-Learning or eLearning) is a type of Technology supported education/learning (TSL) where the medium of instruction is through computer technology, particularly involving digital technologies. E-learning has been defined as "pedagoe-learning, virtual classrooms, learning technology, online learning
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Management with Multi-State Power-Down Systems
A power-down system has an on-state, an off-state, and a finite or infinite number of intermediate states. In the off-state, the system uses no energy and in the on-state energy it is used fully. Intermediate states consume only some fraction of energy but switching back to the on-state comes at a cost. Previous work has mainly focused on asymptotic results for systems with a large number of states. In contrast, the authors study problems with a few states as well as systems with one continuous state. Such systems play a role in energy-efficiency for information technology but are especially important in the management of renewable energy. The authors analyze power-down problems in the framework of online competitive analysis as to obtain performance guarantees in the absence of reliable forecasting. In a discrete case, the authors give detailed results for the case of three and five states, which corresponds to a system with on-off states and three additional intermediate states “power save”, “suspend”, and “hibernate”. The authors use a novel balancing technique to obtain optimally competitive solutions. With this, the authors show that the overall best competitive ratio for three-state systems is 95 role= presentation style= box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; text-align: left; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative; \u3e95 and the authors obtain optimal ratios for various five state systems. For the continuous case, the authors develop various strategies, namely linear, optimal-following, progressive and exponential. The authors show that the best competitive strategies are those that follow the offline schedule in an accelerated manner. Strategy “progressive” consistently produces competitive ratios significantly better than 2
Finding and Using Moving Images in Context
Using selected moving images from Northeast Historic Film, this project will take a team approach to achieve open access with a metadata system incorporating emerging standards for discovery. We will emphasize contextualization, building tools to provide access to articles, scene-by-scene notes, both item-level and collection-level descriptive records, and we will integrate this information with new curriculum materials through easy-to-use interfaces. Partners are Primary Source and China Source, Maine Historical Society's Maine Memory Network, MIC, and the University of Maine's Windows on Maine. Three China scholars associated with Primary Source are committed to the project. We will digitize and put online unique footage of China,1928-1936, with rights to reuse, and we will ensure that researchers can easily find, identify, understand, and use the moving images. Teachers will participate in evaluation, informing decisions regarding follow-up initiatives
Determinants of the receipts from shipping services: the case of Greece
Despite the fact that receipts from the provision of shipping services recorded on the Greek Balance of Payments represent nearly half of the total receipts of services rendered, the factors that determine them have not been explored for the Greek economy. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of shipping receipts in the Greek economy and to provide evidence for their impact on the Greek balance of payments. The results of the econometric methodology using an error correction model (ECM) provide evidence of the existence of a stable long-run relationship between the shipping receipts, the freight rates and outstanding credit to shipping companies.Balance of Payments; Current Account; Maritime Services; Maritime Economics; Error Correction Model; Time Series Techniques; Forecasting.
Entropy production in a photovoltaic cell
We evaluate entropy production in a photovoltaic cell that is modeled by four
electronic levels resonantly coupled to thermally populated field modes at
different temperatures. We use a formalism recently proposed, the so-called
multiple parallel worlds, to consistently address the nonlinearity of entropy
in terms of density matrix. Our result shows that entropy production is the
difference between two flows: a semiclassical flow that linearly depends on
occupational probabilities, and another flow that depends nonlinearly on
quantum coherence and has no semiclassical analog. We show that entropy
production in the cells depends on environmentally induced decoherence time and
energy detuning. We characterize regimes where reversal flow of information
takes place from a cold to hot bath. Interestingly, we identify a lower bound
on entropy production, which sets limitations on the statistics of dissipated
heat in the cells.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
- …