gTime, gDate, and a gCalendar

The emergence of a cuberconnected Global Village demonstrates the need for a universal time for global events. A professor at the Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad argues that we need to delink the measurement of time from geography. Starting with a review of the Concept of Time in Philosophy, Physics, Biology and Psychology, the paper argues that the availability of Cyber-connectivity and the emergence of the Global Village have highlighted the need for a universal time frame for global events. It additionally argues that the need extends beyond a universal time and encompasses the issues of date and calendar. It further argues that introducing this change may require de-linking of the time measurement from the geo-link and may also raise doubts about the assumed time-space singularity. The paper suggests that the representatives of the world arrive at an agreement to introduce a new epoch that gives a single precise portrayal of the global events. This is essential, as the global events have moved beyond the scientific domain and come in to the social and legal domain.

Structure of Exotic Nuclei

The progress in the modeling of exotic nuclei with an extreme neutron-to-proton ratio is discussed. Two topics are emphasized: (i) the quest for the universal microscopic nuclear energy density functional and (ii) the progress in the continuum shell model.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, presented by W. Nazarewicz at the International Symposium on "A New Era of Nuclear Structure Physics", Kurokawa Village (Niigata Pref.), Japan, Nov. 19-22, 200

Prepaid financing of primary health care in Guinea-Bissau : an assessment of 18 village health posts

With population growth increasing and budgets declining, the need for cost recovery in health care has grown. This paper discusses a prepayment scheme for drugs and limited primary health care at 18 village health posts in Guinea-Bissau. At these health posts, adverse selection was reduced because enrollment in each village was almost universal. The villager provided construction materials and labor and indicated their willingness to pay more if drugs were available on a timely basis. Villagers'willingness to prepay was often linked to better service, with drugs more readily available and midwidves better trained. Still, the quality of service at village health posts can only be as good as the support they get from the rest of the health care system. Authorities must strengthen health center support services and improve the drug resupply system.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Health Systems Development&Reform,Housing&Human Habitats,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Regional Rural Development

A Village Comes to Life: The Interpretation of Henry Ford\u27s Greenfield Village

Of all American living history sites, Greenfield Village, in Dearborn, Michigan, is one of the most interesting. Founded by Henry Ford and opened in 1929, Greenfield Village consists of 90 acres of nearly 100 historic buildings, all moved to the site from around the country and reassembled in a vague village formation. Unlike Colonial Williamsburg, the site is not historically significant and represents no one geographic location or time period. While in keeping with Ford’s vision of celebrating small-town life and the humble origins of many great thinkers and innovators, this structure has presented challenges for both the staff and the public to settle on a particular interpretive theme. When combined with the more universal criticisms regarding training, equipment, and messaging, these challenges make Greenfield Village a veritable microcosm of the strengths and weaknesses of living history interpretation. The history of interpretive programming at Greenfield Village demonstrates that weaknesses commonly criticized by academic historians are not inherent in living history programming. In fact, well-educated and trained park staffers saw living history as the solution to these problems and to finally find a way to unify Greenfield Village’s unique structure under a cohesive and effective interpretive theme. The 1982 implementation of the Edison/Saltbox project was a direct response to the most current scholarship on museum education and represented a continued dialogue with other open-air history museums. More recent attempts to improve the interpretation of African American history at Greenfield Village echo similar strategies at Colonial Williamsburg and respond directly to calls within the academy to address the prevalence of nostalgia in presentations of the past. While Greenfield Village’s programming continues to face the funding and staffing problems that plague living history programs nationwide, its story should remind scholars that nostalgia and antiquarianism are not problems inherent to living history

Beach or Bush? A study on sanitation and clean water in Ushongo Village

The purpose of this study was to examine the issues with sanitation and clean water in Ushongo Mtoni Village and then use these findings to determine weather Ushongo Mtoni meets the 2014 World Health Organizations target goals for sanitation and clean water: eliminate open defecation; achieve universal access to basic drinking water, sanitation and hygiene for households. This study was conducted in Ushongo Mtoni, Tanzania, between the dates of November 10th to 24th 2014. Interviews were conducted using non-random sampling through formal and non-formal interviews with participants chosen by my translator, Shaban. Sample frame was the villagers of Ushongo Mtoni, and sample population was 1) the mamas and babas (Heads of Household); 2) 4 members of the Village Government including the village chairman, development officer, and environmental officer; and 3) a health care doctor. My total sample population was 85 individuals: 65 individuals and 20 individuals within focal groups. My findings revealed that the village environment was not clean, lacked enough toilets, and the villagers did not have access to clean water. The village has not met the WHO target goals: eliminate open defecation; achieve universal access to basic drinking water, and sanitation and hygiene for households

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ENROLLMENT AND THE RETENTION OF STUDENTS AT PRIMARY EDUCATION IN ANDHRA PRADESH – A VILLAGE LEVEL STUDY

There is an imperative need to change the education pattern to achieve universal primary education in India. Even after 60 years of Independence, India faces obstacles in providing Education For All. This study was conducted in a primary school of Errabelly village of Karimnager district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The study revealed that children dropped out of school so as to assist in household and agricultural activities. It also reveals that the dropout rate of girls is more than that of boys. The study recommended that budgetary allocations should be increased so as to encourage the primary school participation and provide some form of financial assistance to the students.Primary Education, Enrolment, Retention, India, Errabelly, Andhra Pradesh

ISLAMIC VALUES IN LOCAL CULTURE OF TENGGER TRIBE KANDANGSARI HAMLET MOROREJO VILLAGE PASURUAN REGENCY

Islamic values are the main basis for shaping the development of society. Islamic values that are emphasized are universal values that are accepted and in accordance with the people of Kandangsari Hamlet, Mororejo Village, Pasuruan Regency. Islamic values aim to form a society that is proud, has a strong identity and is respected by other societies; fostering a happy society; eliminating negative attitudes; and produce quality services. As for the Islamic values that exist in the local culture of the Tengger Tribe, Kandangsari Hamlet, Mororejo Village, Pasuruan Regency, they are harmony, an attitude of shame in a positive sense, sacrifice, mutual cooperation, discipline, tolerance, hope, please help, always grateful, togetherness.Keywords:  Islamic Values, Local Culture, Tengger TribeIslamic values are the main basis for shaping the development of society. Islamic values that are emphasized are universal values that are accepted and in accordance with the people of Kandangsari Hamlet, Mororejo Village, Pasuruan Regency. Islamic values aim to form a society that is proud, has a strong identity and is respected by other societies; fostering a happy society; eliminating negative attitudes; and produce quality services. As for the Islamic values that exist in the local culture of the Tengger Tribe, Kandangsari Hamlet, Mororejo Village, Pasuruan Regency, they are harmony, an attitude of shame in a positive sense, sacrifice, mutual cooperation, discipline, tolerance, hope, please help, always grateful, togetherness

Regeneration and Revitalization of Public Space in Ancient Villages

Due to the influence of economic development, the number of people traveling on vacation is increasing. Ancient village, as a perfect example of cultural heritage, attracted a great number of tourists, which is treating the daily rhythm of residents. In the following article, I will analyze the problems faced by the ancient village and my solution to a specific case that happened near me. Since I believe that architectural design is unique, solutions should be designed according to local conditions, so it is difficult to say that my design is universal. My project is located in the Mingyue Bay Ancient Village in Suzhou. I have identified the problems in this ancient village through research and field research and tried to solve some local problems through my major - architectural design

The Village as Cold War Site: Experts, Development, and the History of Rural Reconstruction

This article examines ‘the village’ as a category of development knowledge used by policymakers and experts to remake the ‘Third World’ during the Cold War. The idea of the village as a universal category of underdevelopment, capable of being remade by expert-led social reform, structured efforts to win the ‘hearts and minds’ of people from Asia to Latin America and Africa. Rooted in a transnational interwar movement for rural reconstruction, village projects were transformed in the 1950s and 1960s by a scientization of development that narrowed the range of experts in the field and by Cold War politics that increasingly tied development to anti-communism and counterinsurgency. From India to Central America, strategic efforts to control rural populations won out over concerns for rural welfare