8 research outputs found

    ASIC-enabled High Resolution Optical Time Domain Reflectometer

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    Fiber optics has become the preferred technology in communication systems because of what it has to offer: high data transmission rates, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and lightweight, flexible cables. An optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) provides a convenient method of locating and diagnosing faults (e.g. break in a fiber) along a fiber that can obstruct crucial optical pathways. Both the ability to resolve the precise location of the fault and distinguish between two discrete, closely spaced faults are figures of merit. This thesis presents an implementation of a high resolution OTDR through the use of a compact and programmable ASIC (application specific integrated circuit). The integration of many essential OTDR functions on a single chip is advantageous over existing commercial instruments because it enables small, lightweight packaging, and offers low power and cost efficiency. Furthermore, its compactness presents the option of placing multiple ASICs in parallel, which can conceivably ease the characterization of densely populated fiber optic networks.The OTDR ASIC consists of a tunable clock, pattern generator, precise timer, electrical receiver, and signal sampling circuit. During OTDR operation, the chip generates narrow electrical pulse, which can then be converted to optical format when coupled with an external laser diode driver. The ASIC also works with an external photodetector to measure the timing and amplitude of optical reflections in a fiber. It has a 1 cm sampling resolution, which allows for a 2 cm spatial resolution. While this OTDR ASIC has been previously demonstrated for multimode fiber fault diagnostics, this thesis focuses on extending its functionality to single mode fiber.To validate this novel approach to OTDR, this thesis is divided into five chapters: (1) introduction, (2) implementation, (3), performance of ASIC-based OTDR, (4) exploration in optical pre-amplification with a semiconductor optical amplifier, and (5) conclusion. Thus, it begins by providing background, basic OTDR operation, overview of ASIC functionality, and past experiments done with the ASIC for multimode fiber. Chapter 2 begins the investigation of a high resolution OTDR for single mode fiber. A though explanation of how the OTDR ASIC operates is presented in this chapter, as well as details on the OTDR scheme that has been implemented. Chapter 3 analyzes the performance of the OTDR. Chapter 4 introduces a hybrid silicon semiconductor optical amplifier and discusses its theoretical implication on the OTDR in terms of improving receiver sensitivity. Lastly, a summary of the findings and discussion of other applications lie in Chapter 5

    NASA Tech Briefs, March 2002

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    Topics include: a special section on data acquisition, software, electronic components and systems, materials, computer programs, mechanics, machinery/automation, manufacturing, biomedical, physical sciences, book and reports, and a special section of Photonics Tech Briefs

    POF 2016: 25th International Conference on Plastic Optical Fibres - proceedings

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    Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics

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    Dise帽o y caracterizaci贸n de dispositivos codificadores y decodificadores para sistemas OCDMA Coherentes

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    [EN] In this thesis we propose the design and characterization of advanced optical de- vices used in coherent direct sequence optical en/decoding, also called temporal phase en/decoding, based on SSFBGs (Super-Structured Fiber Bragg Grating). The aim of this thesis is to enhance the overall performance of the proposed devi- ces used in optical en/decoding and their characteristics, such as: insertion losses and reflectivity, spectral bandwidth, spectral efficiency and chromatic dispersion present in the optical fiber used in the Telecommunication network. To achieve this goal, modifications in the design and fabrication process were pro- posed. Additionally, encoder and decoder integrated devices based on (Silicon On Insu- lator technology), were presented. The design of the integrated devices is based on unit cells, which are composed of directional couplers, delay lines and thermo- optical heaters. The use of thermo-optical structures enables the code to be tuned. The characteristics of the devices, along with the most important related parame- ters were defined accurately for both technologies. Furthermore, a mathematical model was developed for the encoding and decoding process ,and the results of simulations are shown. The experimental encoding and decoding process was carried out using SSFBGS devices, and hybrid experiments were also performed using integrated devices with SSFBGs, demonstrating that all the technologies are completely compatible. Finally, a characterization methodology based on optical single side band was deve- loped in order to achieve complete frequency characterization (modulus and phase) of the optical devices proposed, leading to the recovery of the impulse response.[ES] En este trabajo se propone el dise帽o y caracterizaci贸n de dispositivos 贸pticos avanzados para aplicaciones de codificaci贸n 贸ptica en secuencia directa coherente, tambi茅n denominada codificaci贸n temporal en fase, basados en SSFBGs (Super- Structured Fiber Bragg Grating). El objetivo de la tesis es mejorar el comportamiento general de los dispositivos propuestos para la codificaci贸n 贸ptica y el de sus caracter铆sticas, como lo son: p茅r- didas de inserci贸n y reflectividad, ancho de banda de los dispositivos, eficiencia espectral y finalmente el comportamiento frente a la dispersi贸n crom谩tica presente en la fibra 贸ptica utilizada en la red de telecomunicaciones. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se proponen modificaciones en el proceso de dise帽o y fabricaci贸n de los dispositivos basados en fibra. Adicionalmente, se presenta la implementaci贸n de estos dispositivos codificadores y decodificadores en tecnolog铆a integrada basada en silicio (SOI, Silicon on Insu- lator), cuyo dise帽o est谩 basado en celdas unitarias compuestas por acopladores direccionales, l铆neas de retardo y desfasadores termo-贸pticos, que permite la sin- tonizaci贸n de los c贸digos. Para ambas tecnolog铆as se definen con precisi贸n los dispositivos necesarios y sus par谩metros m谩s importantes, se desarrolla el modelo te贸rico matem谩tico y se mues- tran los resultados de simulaci贸n del proceso de codificaci贸n y decodificaci贸n. Diferentes montajes experimentales son llevados a cabo para verificar el proceso de codificaci贸n y decodificaci贸n para los dispositivos en fibra; as铆 como la verificaci贸n conjunta de dispositivos integrados y SSFBGs, presentando la total compatibili- dad entre las tecnolog铆as. Para finalizar, se desarrolla una metodolog铆a basada en la modulaci贸n en banda lateral 煤nica, para la caracterizaci贸n frecuencial completa (m贸dulo y fase) de los dispositivos bajo estudio, permitiendo la recuperaic贸n de su respuesta impulsiva.[CA] En aquest treball es proposa el disseny i caracteritzaci贸 de dispositius 貌ptics ava- n莽ats basats en SSFBGs (Super-Structured Fiber Bragg Grating) per a aplicacions de codificaci贸 貌ptica en seq 眉猫ncia directa coherent, tamb茅 anomenada codificaci贸 temporal en fase. L'objectiu de la tesi 茅s millorar el comportament general dels dispositius propo- sats per a la codificaci贸 貌ptica i les seves caracter铆stiques com p猫rdues d'inserci贸 i reflectivitat, amplada de banda dels dispositius, efici猫ncia espectral i finalment el comportament davant la dispersi贸 crom脿tica present en la fibra 貌ptica utilitzada en la xarxa de telecomunicacions. Per assolir aquest objectiu es proposen modificacions en el proc茅s de disseny i fa- bricaci贸 dels dispositius basats en fibra. Addicionalment, es presenta la implementaci贸 d'aquests dispositius codificadors i descodificadors en tecnologia integrada basada en silici (SOI, Silicon on Insulator). El disseny est脿 basat en cel谩les unit脿ries compostes per acobladors direccionals, l铆- nies de retard i desfasadors termo-貌ptics, que permeten la sintonitzaci贸 dels codis. Per a ambdues tecnologies es defineixen amb precisi贸 els dispositius necessaris i els seus par脿metres m茅s importants. Tamb茅 es desenvolupa el model te貌ric matem脿tic i es mostren els resultats de simulaci贸 del proc茅s de codificaci贸 i descodificaci贸. Aix铆 mateix, per a verificar el proc茅s de codificaci贸 i descodificaci贸 dels disposi- tius en fibra, a m茅s de la verificaci贸 conjunta de dispositius integrats i SSFBGs, s'utilitzen diferents muntatges experimentals. Aix铆 doncs es presenta la total com- patibilitat entre les tecnologies. Per finalitzar, es desenvolupa una metodologia basada en la modulaci贸 en banda lateral 煤nica per a la caracteritzaci贸 freq眉encial completa (m貌dul i fase) dels dis- positius baix estudi. D'aquesta manera es permet la recuperaci贸 de la seva resposta a l'impuls.Ba帽os L贸pez, R. (2015). Dise帽o y caracterizaci贸n de dispositivos codificadores y decodificadores para sistemas OCDMA Coherentes [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Polit猫cnica de Val猫ncia. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/52022TESI

    NASA's university program: Active projects, fiscal year 1979

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    Current information and related statistics are provided for each grant/contract/ cooperative agreement during the report period. Cross indexes by agreement number, field of science and engineering, and technical officer location are included
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