10,951 research outputs found
On topological relaxations of chromatic conjectures
There are several famous unsolved conjectures about the chromatic number that
were relaxed and already proven to hold for the fractional chromatic number. We
discuss similar relaxations for the topological lower bound(s) of the chromatic
number. In particular, we prove that such a relaxed version is true for the
Behzad-Vizing conjecture and also discuss the conjectures of Hedetniemi and of
Hadwiger from this point of view. For the latter, a similar statement was
already proven in an earlier paper of the first author with G. Tardos, our main
concern here is that the so-called odd Hadwiger conjecture looks much more
difficult in this respect. We prove that the statement of the odd Hadwiger
conjecture holds for large enough Kneser graphs and Schrijver graphs of any
fixed chromatic number
Quantum Hall Ground States, Binary Invariants, and Regular Graphs
Extracting meaningful physical information out of a many-body wavefunction is
often impractical. The polynomial nature of fractional quantum Hall (FQH)
wavefunctions, however, provides a rare opportunity for a study by virtue of
ground states alone. In this article, we investigate the general properties of
FQH ground state polynomials. It turns out that the data carried by an FQH
ground state can be essentially that of a (small) directed graph/matrix. We
establish a correspondence between FQH ground states, binary invariants and
regular graphs and briefly introduce all the necessary concepts. Utilizing
methods from invariant theory and graph theory, we will then take a fresh look
on physical properties of interest, e.g. squeezing properties, clustering
properties, etc. Our methodology allows us to `unify' almost all of the
previously constructed FQH ground states in the literature as special cases of
a graph-based class of model FQH ground states, which we call \emph{accordion}
model FQH states
Fast Recognition of Partial Star Products and Quasi Cartesian Products
This paper is concerned with the fast computation of a relation on the
edge set of connected graphs that plays a decisive role in the recognition of
approximate Cartesian products, the weak reconstruction of Cartesian products,
and the recognition of Cartesian graph bundles with a triangle free basis.
A special case of is the relation , whose convex closure
yields the product relation that induces the prime factor
decomposition of connected graphs with respect to the Cartesian product. For
the construction of so-called Partial Star Products are of particular
interest. Several special data structures are used that allow to compute
Partial Star Products in constant time. These computations are tuned to the
recognition of approximate graph products, but also lead to a linear time
algorithm for the computation of for graphs with maximum bounded
degree.
Furthermore, we define \emph{quasi Cartesian products} as graphs with
non-trivial . We provide several examples, and show that quasi
Cartesian products can be recognized in linear time for graphs with bounded
maximum degree. Finally, we note that quasi products can be recognized in
sublinear time with a parallelized algorithm
A correspondence between rooted planar maps and normal planar lambda terms
A rooted planar map is a connected graph embedded in the 2-sphere, with one
edge marked and assigned an orientation. A term of the pure lambda calculus is
said to be linear if every variable is used exactly once, normal if it contains
no beta-redexes, and planar if it is linear and the use of variables moreover
follows a deterministic stack discipline. We begin by showing that the sequence
counting normal planar lambda terms by a natural notion of size coincides with
the sequence (originally computed by Tutte) counting rooted planar maps by
number of edges. Next, we explain how to apply the machinery of string diagrams
to derive a graphical language for normal planar lambda terms, extracted from
the semantics of linear lambda calculus in symmetric monoidal closed categories
equipped with a linear reflexive object or a linear reflexive pair. Finally,
our main result is a size-preserving bijection between rooted planar maps and
normal planar lambda terms, which we establish by explaining how Tutte
decomposition of rooted planar maps (into vertex maps, maps with an isthmic
root, and maps with a non-isthmic root) may be naturally replayed in linear
lambda calculus, as certain surgeries on the string diagrams of normal planar
lambda terms.Comment: Corrected title field in metadat
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