Controller for computer control of brushless dc motors

A motor speed and torque controller for brushless d.c. motors provides an unusually smooth torque control arrangement. The controller provides a means for controlling a current waveform in each winding of a brushless dc motor by synchronization of an excitation pulse train from a programmable oscillator. Sensing of torque for synchronization is provided by a light beam chopper mounted on the motor rotor shaft. Speed and duty cycle are independently controlled by controlling the frequency and pulse width output of the programmable oscillator. A means is also provided so that current transitions from one motor winding to another is effected without abrupt changes in output torque

Sistem Pengendalian Kecepatan Dua Motor Brushless DC (BLDC) dengan Nine Switch Inverter Menggunakan Metode PWM

Abstract — Two three phase inverters which consists of 12 switches are generally required to control two brushless DC Motors, which are complicated and inefficient to control them. One inverter has 6 switches. This research develops controlling of two brushless DC Motors using nine switch inverters with Pulse Width Modulation method. Nine switch inverter needs PWM for controlling frequency and voltage. Arduino is used to generate PWM in this research.  Nine switch inverters are used to convert DC voltage to AC Voltage because of BLDC needs AC Voltage to drive the rotor of motors. In controlling two BLDC Motors, it includes switching control using PWM, to adjust the input frequency which then results in the effect of frequency on the voltage, current, speed of two BLDC Motors and torque. The test of this controller consists of the condition of the motor with and without load. The test results show that the speed of two BLDC motors can be controlled simultaneously with nine switch inverters by adjusting the input frequency. Keywords— two brushless DC motors, nine switch inverter, pulse width modulation (PWM), Arduino, Simulink Matlab &nbsp

Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Technique for Speed Control of Six-Step Brushless DC Motor

The brushless DC motors with permanent magnets (PM-BLDC) are widely used in a miscellaneous of industrial applications. In this paper, The adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller for Six-Step Brushless DC Motor Drive is introduced. The brushless DC motor’s dynamic characteristics such as torque , current , speed, , and inverter component voltages are showed and analysed using MATLAB simulation. The  propotional-integral (PI) and fuzzy system controllers  are developed., based on designer’s test and error process and experts. The  experimential and hardware resuts for the inverter- driver circuits are presented. The simulation results using MATLAB simulink are conducted to validate the proposed (ANFIS) controller’s robustness and high performance relative to other controllers

Direct torque control of brushless DC drives with reduced torque ripple

The application of direct torque control (DTC) to brushless ac drives has been investigated extensively. This paper describes its application to brushless dc drives, and highlights the essential differences in its implementation, as regards torque estimation and the representation of the inverter voltage space vectors. Simulated and experimental results are presented, and it is shown that, compared with conventional current control, DTC results in reduced torque ripple and a faster dynamic response

Motor/generator and electronic control considerations for energy storage flywheels

A spacecraft electric power supply system is described. Requirements of the system are to accelerate a momentum wheel to a fixed maximum speed when solar energy is available and to maintain a constant voltage on the spacecraft bus under varying loads when solar energy is not available. Candidate motor types, pulse width modulated current control systems, and efficiency considerations are discussed. In addition, the Lunar Roving Vehicle motors are described along with their respective efficiencies

A quantitative comparison between BLDC, PMSM, brushed DC and stepping motor technologies

Brushless DC machines (BLDC), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM), Stepping Motors and Brushed DC machines (BDC) usage is ubiquitous in the power range below 1,5kW. There is a lot of common knowledge on these technologies. Stepping Motors are ideally suited for open loop positioning, BLDC machines are the most obvious candidate for high-speed applications, etc. However, literature lacks comprehensive research comparing these machines over a large range of applications. In this paper, more than 100 motors are considered. Their characteristics are compared and presented in a comprehensive way. These results support the common knowledge concerning the field of application of each technology and new insights follow from this quantitative comparison

Torque-ripple minimization in modular permanent-magnet brushless machines

This paper discusses the suitability of four-phase, five-phase, and six-phase modular machines, for use in applications where servo characteristics and fault tolerance are key requirements. It is shown that an optimum slot number and pole number combination exists, for which excellent servo characteristics could be achieved, under healthy operating conditions, with minimum effects on the power density of the machine. To eliminate torque ripple due to residual cogging and various fault conditions, the paper describes a novel optimal torque control strategy for the modular permanent-magnet machines operating in both constant torque and constant power modes. The proposed control strategy enables ripple-free torque operation to be achieved, while minimizing the copper loss under voltage and current constraints. The utility of the proposed strategy is demonstrated by computer simulations on a four-phase fault-tolerant drive system

Rancang Bangun Dan Uji Performa Axial Brushless DC Motor Dengan Daya Output 2000 Watt

Sejak tahun 1980-an konsep baru tentang permanent magnet brushless motor telah berkembang. Isu pemanasan global dan penghematan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) merupakan faktor pemicu berkembangnya motor listrik. Motor DC konvensional sudah dikenal efisien dan bebas polusi,namun diperlukan pengembangan maupun perancangan motor listrik baru untuk mendapatkan performa motor listrik yang lebih baik. Berkembangnya motor listrik dc konvensional yang menggunakan transmisi mekanik yang berupa sikat (brush) terbuat dari arang (carbon) yang memerlukan pergantian berkala untuk umur pemakaian tertentu. Kekurangan itu diatasi oleh Brushless DC motor yang beroperasi tanpa transmisi mekanik. Brushless DC motor adalah motor dengan magnet permanen dimana fungsi sikat (brush) digantikan oleh sensor yang berfungsi sebagai penentu orientasi bergeraknya motor listrik. Brushless DC motor tidak hanya memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi namun tidak membutuhkan perawatan. Brushless DC motor terdapat 2 tipe yaitu, Brushless DC motor tipe radial dan Brushless DC motor tipe axial. Namun Brushless DC motor tipe radial memiliki kekurangan. Radial Brushless DC motor memiliki berat yang lebih berat dibanding Axial brushless DC motor dengan daya yang sama dan dengan bentuk radial akan lebih berat jika di paralel untuk menghasilkan daya yang besar. Dari kekurangan Brushless DC motor tipe radial diatas, dirancang Axial brushless DC motor. Tugas akhir ini menghasilkan Axial Brushless DC Motor dengan konstruksi satu stator dan dua rotor. Axial Brushless DC Motor ini terdiri dari 24 slot stator dan 20 pole magnet pada tiap rotornya. Pada uji performa Axial Brushless DC Motor ini didapatkan effisiensi maksimal sebesar 95%, power output rated sebesar 1100 watt, dan torsi rated sebesar 3,8 Nm pada rpm 2790 dengan menggunakan controller IQUTECHE. ============================================================ Since the 1980s a new concept of permanent magnet brushless motors has evolved. The issue of global warming and saving fuel oil is a trigger factor development of electric motors. Conventional DC motors are well known efficient and pollution-free, but required the development and design of new electric motors for performance electric motor better. The development of a conventional dc electric motor that uses a mechanical transmission in the form of a brush from carbon which require periodic replacement for a certain service life. Shortcomings were overcome by a Brushless DC motors that operate without mechanical transmission. Brushless DC motors are motors with permanent magnet in which the function of the brush is replaced by a sensor that functions as a determinant of the orientation of the movement of the electric motor. Brushless DC motors not only have a high efficiency but does not require treatment. Brushless DC motors are two types, namely, Brushless DC motors radial and axial type Brushless DC motors. However Brushless DC motors radial type has its drawbacks. Radial Brushless DC motors have a heavier weight than the Axial brushless DC motors with the same power and the radial shape will be more severe if in parallel to generate great power. Brushless DC motors of deficiency above the radial type, designed Axial brushless DC motors. This final project resulted in Brushless DC Motor with Axial construction of the stator and the two rotors. Axial Brushless DC Motor is comprised of 24 slots and 20 pole stator magnets on each rotor. In the test performance Brushless DC Motor Axial is obtained maximum efficiency of 95%, the rated power output is 1100 watts, and the rated torque is 3.8 Nm at 2790 rpm using a controller IQUTECH