Through-the-wall radar imaging with compressive sensing; theory, practice and future trends-a review

Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging (TWRI) is anemerging technology which enables us to detect behind the wall targets using electromagnetic signals. TWRI has received considerable attention recently due to its diverse applications. This paper presents fundamentals, mathematical foundations and emerging applications of TWRI with special emphasis on Compressive Sensing (CS) and sparse image reconstruction.Multipath propagation stemming from the surrounding walls and nearby targets are among the impinging challenges.Multipath components produce replicas of the genuine target, ghosts, during image reconstruction which may significantly increase the probability of false alarm. The resulting ghost not only creates confusion with genuine targets but may deteriorate the performance of (CS) algorithms as described in this article. The results from a practical scenario show a promising future of the technology which can be adopted in real-life problems including rescue missions and military purposes.AKey words: spect dependence, compressive sensing, multipath ghost, multipath exploitation, through-the-wall-radar imaging

Through the Wall Radar Imaging via Kronecker-structured Huber-type RPCA

The detection of multiple targets in an enclosed scene, from its outside, is a challenging topic of research addressed by Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging (TWRI). Traditionally, TWRI methods operate in two steps: first the removal of wall clutter then followed by the recovery of targets positions. Recent approaches manage in parallel the processing of the wall and targets via low rank plus sparse matrix decomposition and obtain better performances. In this paper, we reformulate this precisely via a RPCA-type problem, where the sparse vector appears in a Kronecker product. We extend this approach by adding a robust distance with flexible structure to handle heterogeneous noise and outliers, which may appear in TWRI measurements. The resolution is achieved via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) and variable splitting to decouple the constraints. The removal of the front wall is achieved via a closed-form proximal evaluation and the recovery of targets is possible via a tailored Majorization-Minimization (MM) step. The analysis and validation of our method is carried out using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulated data, which show the advantage of our method in detection performance over complex scenarios

Sparse Reconstruction for Near-Field MIMO Radar Imaging Using Fast Multipole Method

Radar imaging using multiple input multiple output systems are becoming popular recently. These applications typically contain a sparse scene and the imaging system is challenged by the requirement of high quality real-time image reconstruction from under-sampled measurements via compressive sensing. In this paper, we deal with obtaining sparse solution to near- field radar imaging problems by developing efficient sparse reconstruction, which avoid storing and using large-scale sensing matrices. We demonstrate that the "fast multipole method" can be employed within sparse reconstruction algorithms to efficiently compute the sensing operator and its adjoint (backward) operator, hence improving the computation speed and memory usage, especially for large-scale 3-D imaging problems. For several near-field imaging scenarios including point scatterers and 2-D/3-D extended targets, the performances of sparse reconstruction algorithms are numerically tested in comparison with a classical solver. Furthermore, effectiveness of the fast multipole method and efficient reconstruction are illustrated in terms of memory requirement and processing time

コンプレッシブ・センシングによる合成開口レーダの高分解能化

Tohoku University佐藤源之課