The Cutting Edge of SWORD

4th International Conference on Open RepositoriesThis presentation was part of the session : Conference PresentationsDate: 2009-06-04 10:30 AM – 12:00 PMThe presentation will give an overview of the UK JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee) funded SWORD2 project. It will essentially be concerned with the need for, and development of, a specification that can be used for depositing research, and learning and teaching materials, and which gave rise to the original SWORD (Simple Web service Offering Repository Deposit) project 1. The presentation will look at how the original SWORD project and the current SWORD 2 project have realised the vision of a standard deposit protocol. The presentation will also consider the future of SWORD and look at some of the recent activity that has arisen around the project outputs, including the adoption into Microsoft Office, a SWORD Facebook application, a Netvibes widget, and current progress with international publishers.UKOLN; JIS

The influence of surface treatment of PVD coating on its quality and wear resistant

The article deals with a determination of the influence of a cutting edge preparation on the quality and wear resistance of coated cutting tools. Cutting inserts made from a sintered carbide with a deposited layer of PVD coating were selected for measurement. Non-homogeneity caused by the creation of droplets arises in the application layer during the process of applying the coating by the PVD method. These droplets make the surface roughness of the PVD coating worse, increase the friction and thereby the thermal load of the cutting tool as well. Also, the droplets could be the cause of the creation and propagation of droplets in the coating and they can cause quick cutting tool wear during machining. Cutting edge preparations were suggested for the improvement of the surface integrity of deposited layers of PVD coating, namely the technology of drag finishing and abrasive jet machining. After their application, the areal surface roughness was measured on the surface of coated cutting inserts, the occurrence of droplets was tracked and the surface structure was explored. A tool-life test of cutting inserts was carried out for verification of the influence of surface treatment on the wear resistance of cutting inserts during the milling process. The cutting inserts with a layer of PVD coatings termed as samples A, B, and C were used for the tool-life test. The first sample, A, represented the coating before the application of cutting edge preparations and samples B and C were after the application of the cutting edge preparation. A carbon steel termed C45 was used for the milling process and cutting conditions were suggested. The visual control of surface of cutting inserts, intensity of wear and occurrence of thermal cracks in deposited PVD layers were the criterion for the evaluation of the individual tests.Web of Science97art. no. 43

Experimental study of coated carbide tools behaviour: application for Ti-5-5-5-3 turning

The goal of this paper is to study the relation between the input data (conditions and geometry of cut) and answers (wear of tool, forces and cutting temperatures) when machining the Ti-5-5-5-3 alloy treated. This study has shown that the cutting process is different and that the slip forces are preponderates. Compared with other materials, the specific cutting pressure is higher and does not vary according to the cutting speed but depend on feed rate. Moreover, both edge preparation and feed rate have an influence on cutting force direction. Besides, cutting temperatures are high and almost similar to those provided by high speed machining with low cutting speed. Finally, we have shown that failure modes are different from those obtained when machining other titanium alloys. Built-up edge is the most deteriorating phenomenon and no flank wear was met in our study context

Effect of process parameters and optimization of CO2 laser cutting of ultra high performance polyethylene

The aim of this work is to relate the cutting edge quality parameters (responses) namely: upper kerf, lower kerf, ratio of the upper kerf to lower kerf and cut edge roughness to the process parameters considered in this research and to find out the optimal cutting conditions. The process factors implemented in this research are: laser power, cutting speed and focal point position. Design of experiment (DoE) was used by implementing Box-Behnken design to achieve better cut qualities within existing resources. Mathematical models were developed to establish the relationship between the process parameters and the edge quality parameters. Also, the effects of process parameters on each response were determine. Then, a numerical optimization was performed to find out the optimal process setting at which the quality features are at their desired values. The effect of each factor on the responses was established and the optimal cutting conditions were found

Micro-orthogonal Cutting of Metals

Collaboration avec l'EPFLHigh speed micromilling with single point or multi-edge cutting tools of diameters smaller than 300 m is finding increasing applications for the production of small very precise metallic parts. Because of the small value of the ratios cutting depth to cutting edge radius and cutting depth to characteristic microstructural dimensions, one may expect that the extensive technological data base available for conventional metal cutting, may not directly transfer to micromilling and that size effects will influence the cutting pressures in micromilling as compared to those in macromilling. To address this issue, we have developed a micro-orthogonal cutting test facility in which chip thickness can be controlled to within a few microns and cutting forces can be measured. Using this facility, we are conducting a rather fundamental investigation of micro cutting processes to identify possible size effects. Besides measuring specific cutting pressures, we also aim at identifying mechanisms of chip formation and how they are affected by microstructure, fracture damage accumulation and microtool geometry. We intend to contrast these observations with observations made in macro orthogonal cutting of the same materials as those tested in micro orthogonal cutting. This paper will describe the test facility and present preliminary results obtained during micro-orthogonal cutting experiments

An Innovative Experimental Study of Corner Radius Effect on Cutting Forces

The cutting forces are often modelled using edge discretisation methodology. In finish turning, due to the smaller corner radii, the use of a local cutting force model identified from orthogonal cutting tests poses a significant challenge. In this paper, the local effect of the corner radius on the forces is investigated using a new experimental configuration: corner cutting tests involving the tool nose. The results are compared with inverse identifications based on cylindrical turning tests and elementary cutting tests on tubes. The results obtained from these methods consistently show the significant influence of the corner radius on the cutting forces

Effect of CO2 laser cutting process parameters on edge quality and operating cost of AISI316L

Laser cutting is a popular manufacturing process utilized to cut various types of materials economically. The width of laser cut or kerf, quality of the cut edges and the operating cost are affected by laser power, cutting speed, assist gas pressure, nozzle diameter and focus point position as well as the work-piece material. In this paper CO2 laser cutting of stainless steel of medical grade AISI316L has been investigated. Design of experiment (DOE) was implemented by applying Box-Behnken design to develop the experiment lay-out. The aim of this work is to relate the cutting edge quality parameters namely: upper kerf, lower kerf, the ratio between them, cut section roughness and operating cost to the process parameters mentioned above. Then, an overall optimization routine was applied to find out the optimal cutting setting that would enhance the quality or minimize the operating cost. Mathematical models were developed to determine the relationship between the process parameters and the edge quality features. Also, process parameters effects on the quality features have been defined. Finally, the optimal laser cutting conditions have been found at which the highest quality or minimum cost can be achieved

Influence of cutting edge radius on surface integrity and burr formation in milling titanium

The influence of the cutting edge micro geometry on cutting process and on tool performance is subject to several research projects. Recently, published papers mainly focus on the cutting edge rounding and its influence on tool life and cutting forces. For applications even more important, however, is the influence of the cutting edge radius on the integrity of the machined part. Especially for titanium, which is used in environments requiring high mechanical integrity, the information about the dependency of surface integrity on cutting edge geometry is important. This paper therefore studies the influence of the cutting edge radius on surface integrity in terms of residual stress, micro hardness, surface roughness and optical characterisation of the surface and near surface area in up and down milling of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Moreover, the influence of the cutting edge radius on burr formation is analysed. The experiments show that residual stresses increase with the cutting edge radius especially in up milling, whereas the influence in down milling is less pronounced. The influence of the cutting edge radius on surface roughness is non-uniform. The formation of burr increases with increasing cutting edge radius, and is thus in agreement with the residual stress test