Energy challenges for ICT

The energy consumption from the expanding use of information and communications technology (ICT) is unsustainable with present drivers, and it will impact heavily on the future climate change. However, ICT devices have the potential to contribute signi - cantly to the reduction of CO2 emission and enhance resource e ciency in other sectors, e.g., transportation (through intelligent transportation and advanced driver assistance systems and self-driving vehicles), heating (through smart building control), and manu- facturing (through digital automation based on smart autonomous sensors). To address the energy sustainability of ICT and capture the full potential of ICT in resource e - ciency, a multidisciplinary ICT-energy community needs to be brought together cover- ing devices, microarchitectures, ultra large-scale integration (ULSI), high-performance computing (HPC), energy harvesting, energy storage, system design, embedded sys- tems, e cient electronics, static analysis, and computation. In this chapter, we introduce challenges and opportunities in this emerging eld and a common framework to strive towards energy-sustainable ICT

Global Trends to 2035 - Economy and Society. November 2018

This study maps and analyses current and future global trends in the fields of economics and society, covering the period to 2035. Drawing on and complementing existing literature, it summarises and analyses the findings of relevant foresight studies in relation to such global trends. It traces recent changes in the perceived trajectory of already-identified trends and identifies significant new or emerging trends. It also addresses potential policy implications of such trends for the European Union

Ocean Energy in Belgium - 2019

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Future Internet Report

The UK Future Internet Strategy Group (UK FISG) was established under the sponsorship of the Technology Strategy Board, chaired by Nick Wainwright of HP Labs, Bristol, and is coordinated by the ICT Knowledge Transfer Network (ICT KTN). The group comprises senior representatives from industry and academia who are closely involved in the sector. The Business Information and Skills Department and the Technology Strategy Board are also represented and provide guidance to the group on Future Internet definition. As part of its core activity to provide direction for future work, inform industry and academia about the opportunities offered by the Future Internet and advise the UK Government, UK FISG commissioned this strategic document. In the process of building a wide base of authoritative evidence on which the report has been constructed, over 20 leading figures from industry and academia agreed to participate in a comprehensive interview process. This resulted in over 750 individual items of opinion that have been represented and consolidated to form this report. So what do we mean by the term Future Internet? The Future Internet is about ‘Internet-style’ services that will be transformational for UK business and society, not only in the types and span of services, but in the efficient way they are delivered, placing the end user in control of aspects of quality and cost. It is a unique opportunity to bring citizens together and increase business and profitability, creating a new socio–economic fabric. It is a mistake to think of the Future Internet as simply more capable infrastructure in the ground. It is not a replacement of what we have today but is part of the continuum of development. The Internet lets us make connections across previously unconnected services and businesses, breaking down ‘silos’ and letting businesses put the right combination of services together for customers. So the first part of our definition of the Future Internet is that it is an evolution rather than replacement. The Internet was initially about communications and then a means of delivering services. The next stage in this progression is a convergence of services, together with massively shared data. Converged services and shared data open up the opportunity for highly efficient, value-added, contextually aware decision support to both business and citizens. But this will not be possible without an advanced wireless and fixed infrastructure to allow access anywhere, anytime, creating an omnipresent fabric linking people and machine-to-machine communications. In fact, one of the main features of the Future Internet will be a massive growth in machine-to-machine communications; no longer will all data be generated only by people. Decision support will largely depend on billions of multipurpose sensors that are able to constantly update a three-dimensional ‘picture’ of our environment. The big step change will stem from the ability to interact with ‘things’ in our environment: so not just to have a web page about a company or building, but to be able to interact with them directly

Pathways to Achieve National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in India

The rapid economic growth and steep population increase in India’s urban areas, and the lack of policy measures to control pollution in these regions, are causing public health problems, significant environmental degradation, including of air, water, and land, and increased production of greenhouse gases. Together, these undermine the potential for sustainable socio-economic development of the country, and will particularly have severe implications for the poor. A large share of the Indian population is exposed to pollution levels that do not conform to global and national air quality standards. Globally, Indian cities rank poorly in terms of air pollution. Numerous monitoring sites across India report high concentrations of PM2.5, which exceed the benchmark limit (of 40 μg/m³) suggested by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). It is estimated that in 2015, more than half the Indian population—about 670 million people—were exposed to ambient PM2.5 concentrations that do not comply with India’s NAAQS. Further, less than one per cent enjoyed air quality that met the global World Health Organization (WHO) benchmark limit of 10 μg/m³. About one-quarter of the population lived in areas where the WHO guideline was exceeded by more than nine times. Exposure to air pollution poses a serious health burden in India. Available health impact assessments suggest that several hundred thousand cases of premature deaths annually are attributable to pollution

Seafloor characterization using airborne hyperspectral co-registration procedures independent from attitude and positioning sensors

The advance of remote-sensing technology and data-storage capabilities has progressed in the last decade to commercial multi-sensor data collection. There is a constant need to characterize, quantify and monitor the coastal areas for habitat research and coastal management. In this paper, we present work on seafloor characterization that uses hyperspectral imagery (HSI). The HSI data allows the operator to extend seafloor characterization from multibeam backscatter towards land and thus creates a seamless ocean-to-land characterization of the littoral zone

Energy applications: Enabling energy services

The energy services industry is not only misunderstood due to its diversity of value propositions, it has also been largely ignored as a major short term means of tackling climate change, ensuring energy supply security, and mitigating against rising energy costs (the three typical national energy policy goals frequently quoted around the world). Private sector business models have not been sufficiently identified, designed, incorporated, and evolved to meet the enormous opportunity that exists. The motivation for this thesis is therefore to design a highly effective business model that will make rapid inroads into the energy services industry, based on a deep understanding of its history, inherent market failures and institutional barriers, and critical success factors. This study set out to establish the range of existing business models in the energy services sector, and to explain the current and likely future market trajectories of its component parts, being, the energy efficiency, renewable microgeneration, carbon management, and smart energy management sub-industries, by conducting a literature review of thirteen high profile studies and interviewing multiple participants across the industry. The thesis also undertakes a thorough data analysis of the UK energy services market, quantifying its investment potential up until 2020 by developing individual growth models for each sub-industry. Five broad categories of energy services business models were identified including Utility Service Companies, Original Equipment Manufacturers, Energy Service Providers, Energy Service Companies, and Integrated Developers, which can be further broken down, proving that supply side fragmentation is severe. The data analysis concluded that an immediate total addressable market of £106.8 billion exists for a well constructed business which adequately combines the skills needed to operate across the four energy services sub-industries. The structure, resources, and value proposition of this business are set out in the enclosed business plan for a new company called Energy Applications