85 research outputs found
A characterization of covering equivalence
Let A={a_s(mod n_s)}_{s=1}^k and B={b_t(mod m_t)}_{t=1}^l be two systems of
residue classes. If |{1\le s\le k: x=a_s (mod n_s)}| and |{1\le t\le l: x=b_t
(mod m_t)}| are equal for all integers x, then A and B are said to be covering
equivalent. In this paper we characterize the covering equivalence in a simple
and new way. Using the characterization we partially confirm a conjecture of R.
L. Graham and K. O'Bryant
A Christoffel-Darboux formula for multiple orthogonal polynomials
Bleher and Kuijlaars recently showed that the eigenvalue correlations from
matrix ensembles with external source can be expressed by means of a kernel
built out of special multiple orthogonal polynomials. We derive a
Christoffel-Darboux formula for this kernel for general multiple orthogonal
polynomials. In addition, we show that the formula can be written in terms of
the solution of the Riemann-Hilbert problem for multiple orthogonal
polynomials, which will be useful for asymptotic analysis.Comment: 11 pages, no figure
“The first man on the street” - tracing a famous Hilbert quote (1900) back to Gergonne (1825)
A short, catchy, and in its content somewhat exaggerated, quote allows us to draw a connection through three-quarters of a century between two leaders of mathematics who apparently held somewhat similar philosophical, pedagogical, and political views. In addition to providing some new facets to the biographies of Gergonne and Hilbert, our article relates to increasing demands for the dissemination of mathematical knowledge and to corresponding structural changes within mathematics during the 19th century
Max Dehn, Axel Thue, and the Undecidable
This is a short essay on the roles of Max Dehn and Axel Thue in the
formulation of the word problem for (semi)groups, and the story of the proofs
showing that the word problem is undecidable.Comment: Definition of undecidability and unsolvability improve
Transcendental Numbers
The numbers e and π are transcendental numbers, meaning each of them are not the root of any polynomial with rational coefficients. We prove that e and π are transcendental numbers. The original proofs use the Fundamental Theorem of Symmetric Polynomials and Stirling’s Formula, which we develop and prove. Since π is not algebraic, neither is √π, which answers the ancient question of whether one can square a circle. The proof that π is transcendental is a beautiful example of how higher level mathematics can be used to answer ancient questions
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