41 research outputs found
Approaches Regarding Business Logic Modeling in Service Oriented Architecture
As part of the Service Oriented Computing (SOC), Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a technology that has been developing for almost a decade and during this time there have been published many studies, papers and surveys that are referring to the advantages of projects using it. In this article we discuss some ways of using SOA in the business environment, as a result of the need to reengineer the internal business processes with the scope of moving forward towards providing and using standardized services and achieving enterprise interoperability.Business Rules, Business Processes, SOA, BPM, BRM, Semantic Web, Semantic Interoperability
Notation3 as an Existential Rule Language
Notation3 Logic (\nthree) is an extension of RDF that allows the user to
write rules introducing new blank nodes to RDF graphs. Many applications (e.g.,
ontology mapping) rely on this feature as blank nodes -- used directly or in
auxiliary constructs -- are omnipresent on the Web. However, the number of fast
\nthree reasoners covering this very important feature of the logic is rather
limited. On the other hand, there are engines like VLog or Nemo which do not
directly support Semantic Web rule formats but which are developed and
optimized for very similar constructs: existential rules. In this paper, we
investigate the relation between \nthree rules with blank nodes in their heads
and existential rules. We identify a subset of \nthree which can be mapped
directly to existential rules and define such a mapping preserving the
equivalence of \nthree formulae. In order to also illustrate that in some cases
\nthree reasoning could benefit from our translation, we then employ this
mapping in an implementation to compare the performance of the \nthree
reasoners EYE and cwm to VLog and Nemo on \nthree rules and their mapped
counterparts. Our tests show that the existential rule reasoners perform
particularly well for use cases containing many facts while especially the EYE
reasoner is very fast when dealing with a high number of dependent rules. We
thus provide a tool enabling the Semantic Web community to directly use
existing and future existential rule reasoners and benefit from the findings of
this active community
Design and Implementation of a Software System for High Level Business Rules
The Business Rules Group has highlighted the importance of the ownership of business rules by business people. This calls for a business oriented view of business rules. Accordingly, we propose to introduce a Business Layer on top of the CIM layer of business rules that considers the essential nature of business rules, their properties and structure as well as inter-relationships between business rules. We propose a model that inhabits the business layer. This model provides (a) flat and hierarchical business rules, (b) business rules that operate on the state of an enterprise and cause state changes (c) temporal constraints and specification of long running and instantaneous business rules. Further, we develop a Business Rule Management system(BRMS) that, besides basic CRUD capability, allows construction of business rules from given ones. Our proposals are exemplified with a subset of the business rules of a Library
Context Interchange as a Scalable Solution to Interoperating Amongst Heterogeneous Dynamic Services
Many online services access a large number of autonomous data sources and at the same time need to meet different user requirements. It is essential for these services to achieve semantic interoperability among these information exchange entities. In the presence of an increasing number of proprietary business processes, heterogeneous data standards, and diverse user requirements, it is critical that the services are implemented using adaptable, extensible, and scalable technology. The COntext INterchange (COIN) approach, inspired by similar goals of the Semantic Web, provides a robust solution. In this paper, we describe how COIN can be used to implement dynamic online services where semantic differences are reconciled on the fly. We show that COIN is flexible and scalable by comparing it with several conventional approaches. With a given ontology, the number of conversions in COIN is quadratic to the semantic aspect that has the largest number of distinctions. These semantic aspects are modeled as modifiers in a conceptual ontology; in most cases the number of conversions is linear with the number of modifiers, which is significantly smaller than traditional hard-wiring middleware approach where the number of conversion programs is quadratic to the number of sources and data receivers. In the example scenario in the paper, the COIN approach needs only 5 conversions to be defined while traditional approaches require 20,000 to 100 million. COIN achieves this scalability by automatically composing all the comprehensive conversions from a small number of declaratively defined sub-conversions.Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA
A process model in platform independent and neutral formal representation for design engineering automation
An engineering design process as part of product development (PD) needs to satisfy ever-changing customer demands by striking a balance between time, cost and quality. In order to achieve a faster lead-time, improved quality and reduced PD costs for increased profits, automation methods have been developed with the help of virtual engineering. There are various methods of achieving Design Engineering Automation (DEA) with Computer-Aided (CAx) tools such as CAD/CAE/CAM, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE). For example, Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools enable Geometry Automation (GA), PLM systems allow for sharing and exchange of product knowledge throughout the PD lifecycle.
Traditional automation methods are specific to individual products and are hard-coded and bound by the proprietary tool format. Also, existing CAx tools and PLM systems offer bespoke islands of automation as compared to KBE. KBE as a design method incorporates complete design intent by including re-usable geometric, non-geometric product knowledge as well as engineering process knowledge for DEA including various processes such as mechanical design, analysis and manufacturing.
It has been recognised, through an extensive literature review, that a research gap exists in the form of a generic and structured method of knowledge modelling, both informal and formal modelling, of mechanical design process with manufacturing knowledge (DFM/DFA) as part of model based systems engineering (MBSE) for DEA with a KBE approach. There is a lack of a structured technique for knowledge modelling, which can provide a standardised method to use platform independent and neutral formal standards for DEA with generative modelling for mechanical product design process and DFM with preserved semantics. The neutral formal representation through computer or machine understandable format provides open standard usage.
This thesis provides a contribution to knowledge by addressing this gap in two-steps:
âą In the first step, a coherent process model, GPM-DEA is developed as part of MBSE which can be used for modelling of mechanical design with manufacturing knowledge utilising hybrid approach, based on strengths of existing modelling standards such as IDEF0, UML, SysML and addition of constructs as per authorâs Metamodel. The structured process model is highly granular with complex interdependencies such as activities, object, function, rule association and includes the effect of the process model on the product at both component and geometric attributes.
⹠In the second step, a method is provided to map the schema of the process model to equivalent platform independent and neutral formal standards using OWL/SWRL ontology for system development using Protégé tool, enabling machine interpretability with semantic clarity for DEA with generative modelling by building queries and reasoning on set of generic SWRL functions developed by the author.
Model development has been performed with the aid of literature analysis and pilot use-cases. Experimental verification with test use-cases has confirmed the reasoning and querying capability on formal axioms in generating accurate results. Some of the other key strengths are that knowledgebase is generic, scalable and extensible, hence provides re-usability and wider design space exploration. The generative modelling capability allows the model to generate activities and objects based on functional requirements of the mechanical design process with DFM/DFA and rules based on logic. With the help of application programming interface, a platform specific DEA system such as a KBE tool or a CAD tool enabling GA and a web page incorporating engineering knowledge for decision support can consume relevant part of the knowledgebase
ExtensiĂłn del marco de referencia Ontoconcept con el formato de intercambio de reglas RIF
La presente investigaciĂłn tiene como tema principal el estudio comparativo de las expresiones de RIF (formato de intercambio de reglas publicado por la W3C) con la capacidad expresiva del grafĂĄrbol ontolĂłgico, modelo conceptual propuesto dentro del framework Ontoconcept, que es una herramienta para la gestiĂłn del cambio ontolĂłgico, planteado en la tesis doctoral del ingeniero Julio CĂ©sar Chavarro Porras, bajo el tĂtulo âMarco de referencia para la gestiĂłn del cambio en ontologĂas, basados en modelos conceptualesâ. La motivaciĂłn para la presente propuesta se fundamenta en la necesidad de establecer modelos conceptuales para la gestiĂłn de ontologĂas, continuando en una pequeña parte con el proceso de desarrollo de un sistema de administraciĂłn de ontologĂas, consulta y razonamiento sobre diferentes ambientes, que es la finalidad a largo plazo de Ontoconcept. Este trabajo se encuentra vinculado a la lĂnea de profundizaciĂłn de la maestrĂa en ingenierĂa de sistemas y computaciĂłn titulada Inteligencia Artificial, asociado al grupo de investigaciĂłn GIA, grupo en el cual se vienen desarrollando diferentes proyectos de extensiĂłn del framework, asĂ como generaciĂłn de nuevas versione
ExtensiĂłn del marco de referencia Ontoconcept con el formato de intercambio de reglas RIF
La presente investigaciĂłn tiene como tema principal el estudio comparativo de las expresiones de RIF (formato de intercambio de reglas publicado por la W3C) con la capacidad expresiva del grafĂĄrbol ontolĂłgico, modelo conceptual propuesto dentro del framework Ontoconcept, que es una herramienta para la gestiĂłn del cambio ontolĂłgico, planteado en la tesis doctoral del ingeniero Julio CĂ©sar Chavarro Porras, bajo el tĂtulo âMarco de referencia para la gestiĂłn del cambio en ontologĂas, basados en modelos conceptualesâ. La motivaciĂłn para la presente propuesta se fundamenta en la necesidad de establecer modelos conceptuales para la gestiĂłn de ontologĂas, continuando en una pequeña parte con el proceso de desarrollo de un sistema de administraciĂłn de ontologĂas, consulta y razonamiento sobre diferentes ambientes, que es la finalidad a largo plazo de Ontoconcept. Este trabajo se encuentra vinculado a la lĂnea de profundizaciĂłn de la maestrĂa en ingenierĂa de sistemas y computaciĂłn titulada Inteligencia Artificial, asociado al grupo de investigaciĂłn GIA, grupo en el cual se vienen desarrollando diferentes proyectos de extensiĂłn del framework, asĂ como generaciĂłn de nuevas versione
Ontology-based infrastructure for intelligent applications
Ontologies currently are a hot topic in the areas of knowledge management and enterprise application integration. In this thesis, we investigate how ontologies can also be used as an infrastructure for developing applications that intelligently support a user with various tasks. Based on recent developments in the area of the Semantic Web, we provide three major contributions. We introduce inference engines, which allow the execution of business logic that is specified in a declarative way, while putting strong emphasis on scalability and ease of use. Secondly, we suggest various solutions for interfacing applications that are developed under this new paradigm with existing IT infrastructure. This includes the first running solution, to our knowledge, for combining the emerging areas of the Semantic Web Services. Finally, we introduce a set of intelligent applications, which is built on top of onologies and Semantic Web standards, providing a proof of concept that the engineering effort can largely be based on standard components.Ontologien sind derzeit ein viel diskutiertes Thema in Bereichen wie Wissensmanagement oder Enterprise Application Integration. Diese Arbeit stellt dar, wie Ontologien als Infrastruktur zur Entwicklung neuartiger Applikationen verwendet werden können, die den User bei verschiedenen Arbeiten unterstĂŒtzen.
Aufbauend auf den im Rahmen des Semantischen Webs entstandenen Spezifikationen, werden drei wesentliche BeitrĂ€ge geleistet. Zum einen stellen wir Inferenzmaschinen vor, die das AusfĂŒhren von deklarativ spezifizierter Applikationslogik erlauben, wobei besonderes Augenmerk auf die Skalierbarkeit gelegt wird. Zum anderen schlagen wir mehrere Lösungen zum Anschluss solcher Systeme an bestehende IT Infrastruktur vor. Dies beinhaltet den, unseres Wissens
nach, ersten lauffĂ€higen Prototyp der die beiden aufstrebenden Felder des Semantischen Webs und Web Services verbindet. SchlieĂlich stellen wir einige
intelligente Applikationen vor, die auf Ontologien basieren und somit groĂteils
von Werkzeugen automatisch generiert werden können
Context Aware Computing for The Internet of Things: A Survey
As we are moving towards the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of sensors
deployed around the world is growing at a rapid pace. Market research has shown
a significant growth of sensor deployments over the past decade and has
predicted a significant increment of the growth rate in the future. These
sensors continuously generate enormous amounts of data. However, in order to
add value to raw sensor data we need to understand it. Collection, modelling,
reasoning, and distribution of context in relation to sensor data plays
critical role in this challenge. Context-aware computing has proven to be
successful in understanding sensor data. In this paper, we survey context
awareness from an IoT perspective. We present the necessary background by
introducing the IoT paradigm and context-aware fundamentals at the beginning.
Then we provide an in-depth analysis of context life cycle. We evaluate a
subset of projects (50) which represent the majority of research and commercial
solutions proposed in the field of context-aware computing conducted over the
last decade (2001-2011) based on our own taxonomy. Finally, based on our
evaluation, we highlight the lessons to be learnt from the past and some
possible directions for future research. The survey addresses a broad range of
techniques, methods, models, functionalities, systems, applications, and
middleware solutions related to context awareness and IoT. Our goal is not only
to analyse, compare and consolidate past research work but also to appreciate
their findings and discuss their applicability towards the IoT.Comment: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials Journal, 201