8 research outputs found

    The enigma of Vitruvian resonating vases and the relevance of the concept for today

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    The clarity of sound within Greek or Roman theatres (without any form of enhancement) will be impressive to any visitor. The seats arranged in curved rows around the circular orchestra form large horizontal reflecting surfaces. The paths of sound waves travel from the source (the actor or singer) to each of the listeners in a direct path (i.e. without obstruction or reflection). Vitruvius, however, claimed further enhancements could be made. In theatres, also, are copper vases and these are placed in chambers under the rows of seats in accordance with mathematical reckoning. The Greeks call them Echeia. The differences of the sounds which arise are combined into musical symphonies... … it becomes fuller, and reaches the audience with a richer and sweeter note. Vitruvius, on Architecture, Book I, – on training of architects, Loeb This paper explores the notion of intent and purpose behind the Vitruvian concept and also addresses an arguably more complex issue, that of a potential fusion between archaeology, science and art.Peer reviewe

    The architectural instrumentalist – exploring spatio-temporal interdependence in the composition of performed music and architectural space

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    Sound, space and time are inextricably linked. As an architect and musician, I am interested in the simultaneous capacities of architecture to influence the composition and experience of performed music – and of performed music to influence the composition and experience of architectural space. My architectural research project – the Augmented Instrumentalist (tAI) – sets out a methodology by which architectural spaces are understood as and designed to be instruments – as a means of replicating the unique acoustic profile of the city of Venice during the acqua alta. In tandem with the development of acoustically generative themes within my architectural research; my musical compositions actively appropriate architectural spaces as musical instruments, by responding to the acoustic qualities of specific performance spaces. When performed, my pieces exploit acoustical phenomena such as reverberance / echo and sympathetic resonance to articulate and augment musical motifs. For example, by using excessive reverberance to construct a harmonic sequence, or by suggesting a rhythm from an echo. Architectural acoustics have long had an effect on the development of musical ideas: β€˜...in the old churches the walls were in fact powerful instruments which the ancients learned to play upon... [When it was discovered that] more than one tone could be heard at the same time with pleasing results, the harmonies produced by the coinciding of notes began to be regulated and used. From this partsinging developed [polyphonic music]’ (Rasmussen, 1962: 230) This article investigates spatio-temporal interdependence between architecture and performed music within the context of my ongoing research

    Vozes da terra

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    Vozes da Terra Γ© um experimΓͺnto artΓ­stico em curso que busca conectar a tecnologia ancestral da cerΓ’mica indΓ­gena com dispositivos sonoro-poΓ©ticos. Iniciado no atelier de cerΓ’mica da UFRJ, desdobrou-se para uma residΓͺncia artΓ­stica numa aldeia indΓ­gena da etnia Pankararu atravΓ©s do projeto β€œArte EletrΓ΄nica IndΓ­gena”, e teve como resultado final uma exposição no MAM de Salvador/BA. Esse texto busca descrever o processo artΓ­stico envolvendo todas as etapas de criação, e contextualizar o artefato poΓ©tico destacando seu aspecto polΓ­tico-social para a memΓ³ria e difusΓ£o da cultura indΓ­gena

    Акустички судови ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° српскС ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅

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    Archaeoacoustics is a multidisciplinary field of research focused on the history of the relatedness of the field of sound and architecture. The architectural history of Europe, from Antiquity to the modern period, is abundant in the findings of vessels, which are considered to have an acoustic purpose. This paper addresses these acoustic vessels embedded in the massive walls of sacred architecture in medieval Serbia (15 churches). We considered the wide context of current archaeoacoustic research, in order to argue that this practice can be regarded as an expression of a certain medieval musical tradition.Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° Ρƒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Ρ€Π΅Ρ’ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ посСбно мСсто Ρƒ ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ наслСђа, Π·Π°Ρ…Ρ‚Π΅Π²Π°Ρ˜ΡƒΡ›ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ мултидисциплинаран приступ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠ· градитСљску ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅, ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π΄ΠΎ саврСмСног Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡˆΡ›Π΅Π½ΠΈ су ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π΅Ρ’Π΅Π½ΠΈ судови, Π·Π° којС сС сматра Π΄Π° су ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ акустичку Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρƒ. Овај Ρ€Π°Π΄ прСдставља Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° акустичких судова ΡƒΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ’Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ сакралнС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ сС ΠΎΠ²Π° пракса ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ сматрати ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ извСснС ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅. Π£ ΠΏΡ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° саглСдан јС ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈ контСкст архСоакустичких ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π΅Π½ΠΈ су ΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π’ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ДСсСт књига ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ – Π½Π°Ρ˜ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π³ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° са описом акустичких судовa. Π—Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ, Π΄Π°Ρ‚ je ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… архСоакустичких ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° који ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ акустичкС Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ™Π°. Π£ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° прСдстављСни су Π½Π°Π»Π°Π·ΠΈ акустичких судова ΠΈΠ· ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ – ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ нас, попис Π½Π°Π»Π°Π·Π° (ΠΈΠ· ΡƒΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎ 15 Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π°) ΠΈ досад спровСдСнС акустичкС ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅. Π£ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ›Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° дискутованa су Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜ΡΡ‚Π²Π° акустичких судова, ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ² распорСд, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Ρƒ Π·ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ, акустичкС ΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΠΈΡ‚Π΄. Показано јС Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π΅Ρ’Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ правилности Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π°ΡšΡƒ судова, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρƒ ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ’Π΅Π½ΠΈ су Ρƒ свим осталим градитСљским ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° осим Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ спомСника (Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Ρƒ Рашкој, XIIXIII Π²Π΅ΠΊ). ΠŸΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ јС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π° сС пракса ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ’ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° акустичких судова ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ сматрати извСсним ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ сакралнС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ’Π΅ јС ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° нСопходност Π΄Π°Ρ™ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° – акустичких ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡšΠ° in situ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° рачунарских ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡšΠ° судова. ΠŸΠΎΠ²Ρ€Ρ… свСга, овај Ρ€Π°Π΄ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›ΠΈΠΎ јС Π΄Π° сС Π½Π°Π»Π°Π·ΠΈ акустичких судова ΠΈΠ· српскС ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Π½Π° Π°Ρ€Ρ…Π΅ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΡ˜ ΠΌΠ°ΠΏΠΈ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎ допринСсу Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°ΡšΡƒ односа Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ· ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ градитСљства.The paper is a result of research on the project Society, spiritual and material culture and communication on the Balkans in prehistory and early history of Balkans (No. 177012) and the project Theory and practice of science in society: multidisciplinary, educational and intergenerational perspectives (No. 179048). The Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia finances both projects. We are grateful for the help that we received from Jean-Christophe ValiΓ¨re from the University of Poitiers and Emilija PejoviΔ‡ from the Republic Institute for Protection of Cultural Monuments, Belgrade

    Musicology 22 (I /2017)

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    Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Π° 22 Π£Ρ€Π±Π°Π½Π° Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½Π° Скологија инспирисана јС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ City Sonic Ecology – Urban Soundscapes of Bern, Ljubljana and Belgrade [Π—Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½Π° Скологија Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° – Π£Ρ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈ пСјзаТи Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°, Π‰ΡƒΠ±Ρ™Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ Π‘Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°], који финансира Π¨Π²Π°Ρ˜Ρ†Π°Ρ€ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΡƒ (SNSF) Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΡšΠ΅ са Π·Π΅ΠΌΡ™Π°ΠΌΠ° источнС Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ (SCOPES). ΠœΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ институт БАНУ јСдан јС ΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ учСсника Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ, ΡƒΠ· Π”Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΌΠ°Π½ Π·Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρƒ, Π¨Π²Π°Ρ˜Ρ†Π°Ρ€ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π° интСрдисциплинарнС ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΊΠ΅ акадСмијС Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠ° ΠΈ умСтности Ρƒ Π‰ΡƒΠ±Ρ™Π°Π½ΠΈ, БловСнија. Овај ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡˆΡšΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚, Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Ρƒ којСг су ΠΏΡ€Π²ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π΅Π»Π½ΠΎ снимани ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ СвропскС прСстоницС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° којС сС ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡšΠ°Ρ˜Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ˜Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ јС 2014. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ сада ΡƒΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π°Π²Ρ€ΡˆΠ½Ρƒ Ρ„Π°Π·Ρƒ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° спровСдСних Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈ су Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Ρƒ конгрСса ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΌ свСта; јСдан Π΄Π΅ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π° проистСклих ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ јС 2016. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Ρƒ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Ρƒ словСначког часописа MuzikoloΕ‘ki zbornik / Musicological Annual, Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΎ сС ΠΎΠ±Ρ˜Π°Π²Ρ™ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ сада. Π€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π±ΠΈΡ›Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ свС Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ прСстоницС. Као ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° часописа ΠœΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ† бСоградског Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π—Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½Π° Скологија Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°, Π·Π°Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ™ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ΠΌ сС Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ SNSF Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΡˆΡ†ΠΈ, Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ Ρƒ Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„. Π΄Ρ€ Π‘Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ БвСрс (Britta Sweers) Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΡ˜ ΠΈ свакој Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ›ΠΈ. Π Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ Varia посвСћСни су Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠ° Π²Π΅Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ дијапазон српскС ΠΈ иностранС ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠ΅Π³ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎ данас. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ° ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… срСдина, још јСдна ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° област ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΎΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²Π°ΡšΠ΅ акустикС ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… српских Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π°; Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Π΅ Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ сС ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½Π΅ акустикС. ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π° Π’ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ› сС осврћС Π½Π° дСлатност Π”Ρ€Π°Π³ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π° Π“ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ Ρƒ Π²Π΅Π·ΠΈ са ΠΏΡ€Π²ΠΈΠΌ конгрСсом сСмиотичара ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ 44 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Ρƒ Π‘Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ, Ρƒ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ˜ΠΎΡ˜ јС ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Π“ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΡˆΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°ΡˆΡšΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠœΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ института БАНУ, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ учСствовао ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ су идСјС Ρƒ вСликој ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ бојилС овај конгрСс. КолСга са Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ Косовској ΠœΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, Баша Π‘ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ›, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€Π° дСлатност наслСдника Π‘Ρ‚Π΅Π²Π°Π½Π° ΠœΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°ΡšΡ†Π° – ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° хорскС ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ који су стварали Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ сроднС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ° послС Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ свСтског Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°. АмСричка Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° Π•Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π₯аскСл ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²Π°Π»Π° јС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ€Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΡ… фСстивала Ρƒ Π‘Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π²Ρƒ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ сусСднС БоснС ΠΈ Π₯Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅, Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ° Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Π”Π΅Ρ˜Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ споразума, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π΄Π° су иностранС амбасадС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ спонзори фСстивала, инсистиралС Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΡšΡƒ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°, Ρƒ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ΡšΠ°. Најзад, МилСна ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ› ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²Π° појам ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρƒ рСнСсансним ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ°, користСћи Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π΅ΡšΠ° Π½Π°Ρ˜Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜Π½ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈΡ… стваралаца ΠΎΠ²Π΅, данас ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Π²Ρ™Π΅Π½Π΅, Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ…Π΅. Π ΡƒΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Научна ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° доноси ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚ осврта Π½Π° најновија издања Π²Π΅Π·Π°Π½Π° Π·Π° српску ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ, односно Π·Π° дСлатност Π½Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ иностранству, Π΄ΠΎΠΊ сС Ρƒ Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ In memoriam ΠœΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Милин ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΡ‚Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Властимира Π’Ρ€Π°Ρ˜ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ›Π°, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π° српскС ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π₯Π₯ ΠΈ XXI Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. Π£ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ својС Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ, Π·Π°Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ™ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ΠΌ сС ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π³Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ иностранства који су, Ρƒ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜ΡΡ‚Π²Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·Π΅Π½Π°Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΡ™Π΅Π½Π΅ Π·Π° овај Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ корисних ΡΡƒΠ³Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π·Π° ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ™ΡˆΠ°ΡšΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ’Π΅, ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΌ срдачну Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ³ савСта ΠœΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ˜Π΅.The main theme of the volume No. 22 Urban Sonic Ecology is inspired by the international project City Sonic Ecology -- Urban Soundscapes of Bern, Ljubljana and Belgrade, financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) within their SCOPES program. The Institute of Musicology SASA is one of the participants in this project, together with the Institute of Musicology, University of Bern, Switzerland, and the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Centre for Scientific Research of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia. This highly innovative three-year project, during which the soundscapes of three European capital cities (Bern, Ljubljana and Belgrade) were recorded and analyzed comparatively for the first time, demonstrated how soundscapes and ambiances were transformed under the influence of transitional and other social and cultural changes. The project began in 2014, and it is now entering its final stage. Results of the research conducted over the three-year span were presented in a number of international congresses and conferences all over the world, from Japan to Brazil. Several articles were published in the Slovenian journal MuzikoloΕ‘ki zbornik / Musicological Annual. in 2016, and the second group of articles is published in the present volume. The final results of this project will include a group monograph and sound maps of all three cities. As the new Editor-in-Chief of the journal Musicology and Head of the Belgrade team of the project City Sonic Ecology, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to the SNSF for their generous financial assistance, and to Head of the project Prof. Dr Britta Sweers for her immense support and numerous exceptionally productive professional exchanges. Articles in the rubric Varia are dedicated to various topics related to a wide range of music from the Middle Ages to the present day. Aside from the sound panoramas of the urban environments, another innovative area of research opened on this occasion is the research on the acoustic of Serbian medieval churches. Three authors with different specializations studied the church acoustics, and they are presenting results of their joint investigations for the first time. Katarina TomaΕ‘eviΔ‡ writes about the activities of Dragutin GostuΕ‘ki in relation to the First Congress of Semioticians of Music, organized 44 years ago in Belgrade. As the Director of the Institute of Musicology SASA at that time, GostuΕ‘ki actively participated in organizing this congress and his ideas greatly influenced its structure and scope. SaΕ‘a BoΕΎidareviΔ‡ studies professional activities of the successors of Stevan StojanoviΔ‡ Mokranjac – Serbian composers of choral music who wrote Rukoveti (Garlands) and other similar forms in the decades after World War II. Erica Haskell has analyzed the models of financing festivals in Sarajevo, the capital city of the neighboring Bosnia-Herzegovina, in the decades after the signing of the Dayton Agreement, and concluded that foreign embassies, as the main sponsors of the festival, insisted on international programs and the avoidance of delicate issues, aiming towards regional reconciliation. Finally, Milena MediΔ‡ researches the notion of melancholy in the Renaissance Italian madrigals, using a large number of examples from the works written by the most prominent composers of this epoch. The volume also contains five reviews of the latest books, including both those related to Serbian culture and tradition, and to the activities of our scientists working abroad. In the section In memoriam Melita Milin says goodbye to the Academician Vlastimir TrajkoviΔ‡, Fellow of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and one of the greatest Serbian composers of the twentieth century. On behalf of the members of the Editorial Board and my own, I am grateful to all colleagues from Serbia and abroad who served as peer reviewers for the articles published in this volume and gave a large number of constructive suggestions for their improvement. Furthermore, I would like to express a heartfelt welcome to the new members of the International Editorial Council of the journal Musicology.TeΠΌΠ° Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Π°: Π£Ρ€Π±Π°Π½Π° Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½Π° Скологија / The main theme: Urban sonic ecology ΠžΠ±Ρ˜Π°Π²Ρ™ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ часописа Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈ су ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ просвСтС, Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π° ΠΈ ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡšΠ° Π Π΅ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, БОКОЈ r ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ Π¨Π²Π°Ρ˜Ρ†Π°Ρ€ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΡƒ (SNSF) Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ° SCOPES. / The publication of this volume was financed by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development and the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Serbia, SOKOJ – Serbian Music Authors’ Organization, and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) within its SCOPES programme

    Principles and history of the relatedness of architecture and acoustics.

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    Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° Ρƒ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ чСсто јС Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρƒ сСнци Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… аспСката градитСљства. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΡƒΡˆΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜ Π·Π° опаТањС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Ρ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ Ρƒ простору, Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊ јС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ· ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ схватан ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π·Π° ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ Π΄ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°, Ρ‚Π΅ јС Π·Π°ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΎ посСбно мСсто Ρƒ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ€Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡ˜ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ˜ΡƒΠ·Π²ΠΈΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ΠΌ градитСљском ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·Ρƒ који одсликава ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ симболику ΜΆ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ макрокосмоса ΠΈ микрокосмоса. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚ΠΈ однос Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π° искључиво Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡšΡƒ, Π²Π΅Ρ› Π΄Π° јС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π½ ΠΈ Ρƒ контСксту Π΄ΡƒΡ…Π° Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ јС градитСљство стварано. Π‘Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ΅, њСгово Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΡƒΡ˜Π΅ мултидисциплинарни приступ који ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›Π°Π²Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ архитСктонског Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ просторно-врСмСнскС структурС. БаглСдавањСм Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ аналошкС мисли Π΄ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ Ρƒ Свропску ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°ΡšΠ° Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° која јС Π±ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜Π° Π·Π° Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ, са јСднС странС, ΠΈ архСоакустичких ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ°, са Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅ странС, Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ јС Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊ посматран двојако: (1) ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Ρ…Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊ који јС нашао својС мСсто Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ аналогијС Ρƒ градитСљству ΠΈ (2) ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ импулсни ΠΎΠ΄Π·ΠΈΠ² који слуТи Π·Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ™Π° Π·Π²ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ™Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›Π°Π²Π° мСђусобно ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ’Π΅ΡšΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ… простора, Ρ‚Π΅ сС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ користи Ρƒ саврСмСним архСоакустичким ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠΈΠΌΠ°. Ова Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Π° приступа објСдињСна су Ρƒ ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π° Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Ρƒ којС јС истраТиван однос Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ (ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ˜ XIV – ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ XV Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°). Π¦ΠΈΡ™ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° рСлСвантност ΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π³ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ контСкста ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈ досад нСистраТСни ΡƒΠ³Π°ΠΎ Ρƒ ΡΠ°Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡšΡƒ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚Π΅Π³ односа Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ акустикС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ· ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° градитСљско наслСђС ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π‘Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ основ Π·Π° ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ’Π΅ΡšΠ΅ архСоакустичких ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ°, упркос ограничСности ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Ρ›Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ’Π΅.The research of sound in history of architecture is unjustly neglected on behalf of its visual aspects. Besides the signicicance for perception of environment and orientation in space, through the cultural history the sound is comperhended as a connetion between material and spiritual worlds. Therefore, it had a special place in sacral architecture, the most sofisticated expression of building culture that represents the cosmological symbolism (macrocosmos–microcosmos analogy). Statring point of this research is that the general relatedness of architecture and sound does not exlusevely rest on technical knowledge, but it is also developed in context of the spirit of building period. Consequently, the research requires multidisciplinary approach to architectural piece as a complex space-time structure. Due to the antique analogical thinking deeply interweaved with European culture and history of understanding the sound, relevant for the development of architecture, as well as the contemporary archeoacoustic researches, the aspect of sound in this dessertation is considered as (1) harmonic sound which has found its place in the application of musical analogy in architecture, as well as (2) impulse response which provides acoustical parameters – quantifiers that enable the comparison of various spaces’ acoustics. Those two complementary approaches are combined in the case study that research the relatedness of sound and medieval Serbian architecture of moravian style (end of XIV – begining of XV century). The overall goal of this research is to point out the relevance of wide cultural context and offer so far unexplored aspect of historical dynamics between architecture and acoustics. Moreover, it strives to show that architectural heritage of medieval Serbia is the base for archeoacoustical research despite the limitations of the existing theoretical and empirical material

    Echeia - assisted resonance in Roman Theatres; Companion to the Reception of Vitruvius

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    Β© 2024 by Koninklijke Brill NV. This is the accepted manuscript version of a book chapter which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004688704_024The author has been asked to write an 8000 word chapter on the subject of Echia (the resonating vessels placed in Roman Theatres according to Vitruvius). The request has come from Prof. Ingrid Rowland. Prof. Rowland is responsible for the definitive edition of Vitruvius' The Ten Books on Architecture (Cambridge University Press). A treatise written in Latin on architecture, dedicated to the emperor Augustus, much more than a book on buildings and machines, the contents of De Architectura reveal a greater meaning of 'architecture', combining science, mathematics, geometry, astronomy; and not least the arts, sound, acoustics and music. https://www.amazon.co.uk/Vitruvius-Ten-Books-Architecture/dp/0521002923 The research has been sourced by Brill as a result of a paper written some ten years ago - The enigma of Vitruvian resonating vases and the relevance of the concept for today. It has been presented as a paper at numerous conference proceedings including sessions at UH. http://researchprofiles.herts.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-enigma-of-vitruvian-resonating-vases-and-the-relevance-of-the-concept-for-today(2b110796-9906-48c0-80c3-5cc0a872f2ce).html The 8000 word chapter details the use of Echeia - a type of assisted resonance, often debated in terms of function and use, as detailed by Vitruvius in The Ten Books on Architecture. The clarity of sound within any Greek or Roman theatre (without any form of enhancement) is impressive to any visitor. The seats arranged in curved rows around the circular orchestra form large horizontal reflecting surfaces. This ensures that the path of the sound waves travel from the source (the actor or singer) to each of the listeners in a direct path (i.e. without reflection). Vitruvius, however, claimed further enhancements could be made. "In theatres, also, are copper vases and these are placed in chambers under the rows of seats in accordance with mathematical reckoning. The Greeks call them Echeia. The differences of the sounds which arise are combined into musical symphonies... … it becomes fuller, and reaches the audience with a richer and sweeter note." Vitruvius, on Architecture, Book I, – on training of architects, Loeb The research will update the author's initial findings into the concept by exploring further scientific findings with computer modelling. He will visit theatres in Fiesole, Florence; Aspendos, Turkey and the Roman Theatre in Amman (which is the only site having the original niches created to hold the resonating vases). In addition, the β€˜reconstructed’ Greek Theatre at Bradfield College, Berkshire will be researched
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