Built-in Interoperability and Scalability of an Eclipse-based AUTOSAR Tool Platform

International audienceThe automotive industry is experiencing a major paradigm shift by introducing their next generation embedded softwareengineering standard AUTOSAR. This does not only create a need for new tool environments supporting AUTOSAR-based electrical & electronics (EE) system design but also requires these tools to be open, customizable, and highly interoperable. Eclipse is a promising platform for realizing such engineering environments and delivers many of the necessary basic building blocks

Model Driven Tool Interoperability in Practice

International audienceModel Driven Engineering (MDE) advocates the use of models, metamodels and model transformations to revisit some of the classical operations in software engineering. MDE has been mostly used with success in forward and reverse engineering (for software development and better maintenance, respectively). Supporting system interoperability is a third important area of applicability for MDE. The particular case of tool interoperability is currently receiving a lot of interest. In this paper, we describe some experiments in this area that have been performed in the context of open source modeling efforts. Taking stock of these achievements, we propose a general framework where various tools are associated to implicit or explicit metamodels. One of the interesting properties of such an organization is that it allows designers starting some software engineering activity with an informal light-weight tool and carrying it out later on in a more complete or formal context. We analyze such situations and discuss the advantages of using MDE to build a general tool interoperability framework

Mapping Requirements To AUTOSAR Software Components

Modern automotive electrical and electronic systems are rapidly growing in complexity. An increase in the number of systems under electronic control has led to a corresponding increase in the complexity of the deployed software. AUTOSAR has been developed as a means of managing this complexity through a standardised architecture which separates an application from its infrastructure. Reusable software components constitute the application logic of an AUTOSAR-based system. However a major problem which faces AUTOSAR and component-based software engineering in general is the difficulty in selecting components which fulfil the system requirements. This thesis presents a framework which allows requirements to be mapped directly to software components. It includes the results from a study which was carried out in conjunction with automotive and software engineering experts to test the framework

Dagstuhl-Workshop MBEES:

modellbasierte automobile Steuergeräteentwicklun

Context-aware Security for Vehicles and Fleets: A Survey

Vehicles are becoming increasingly intelligent and connected. Interfaces for communication with the vehicle, such as WiFi and 5G, enable seamless integration into the user’s life, but also cyber attacks on the vehicle. Therefore, research is working on in-vehicle countermeasures such as authentication, access controls, or intrusion detection. Recently, legal regulations have also become effective that require automobile manufacturers to set up a monitoring system for fleet-wide security analysis. The growing amount of software, networking, and the automation of driving create new challenges for security. Context-awareness, situational understanding, adaptive security, and threat intelligence are necessary to cope with these ever-increasing risks. In-vehicle security should be adaptive to secure the car in an infinite number of (driving) situations. For fleet-wide analysis and alert triage, knowledge and understanding of the circumstances are required. Context-awareness, nonetheless, has been sparsely considered in the field of vehicle security. This work aims to be a precursor to context-aware, adaptive and intelligent security for vehicles and fleets. To this end, we provide a comprehensive literature review that analyzes the vehicular as well as related domains. Our survey is mainly characterized by the detailed analysis of the context information that is relevant for vehicle security in the future

A Distributed Service Delivery Platform for Automotive Environments: Enhancing Communication Capabilities of an M2M Service Platform for Automotive Application

Full version: Access restricted permanently due to 3rd party copyright restrictions. Restriction set on 11.04.2018 by SE, Doctoral CollegeThe automotive domain is changing. On the way to more convenient, safe, and efficient vehicles, the role of electronic controllers and particularly software has increased significantly for many years, and vehicles have become software-intensive systems. Furthermore, vehicles are connected to the Internet to enable Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and enhanced In-Vehicle Infotainment functionalities. This widens the automotive software and system landscape beyond the physical vehicle boundaries to presently include as well external backend servers in the cloud. Moreover, the connectivity facilitates new kinds of distributed functionalities, making the vehicle a part of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and thus an important example for a future Internet of Things (IoT). Manufacturers, however, are confronted with the challenging task of integrating these ever-increasing range of functionalities with heterogeneous or even contradictory requirements into a homogenous overall system. This requires new software platforms and architectural approaches. In this regard, the connectivity to fixed side backend systems not only introduces additional challenges, but also enables new approaches for addressing them. The vehicle-to-backend approaches currently emerging are dominated by proprietary solutions, which is in clear contradiction to the requirements of ITS scenarios which call for interoperability within the broad scope of vehicles and manufacturers. Therefore, this research aims at the development and propagation of a new concept of a universal distributed Automotive Service Delivery Platform (ASDP), as enabler for future automotive functionalities, not limited to ITS applications. Since Machine-to-Machine communication (M2M) is considered as a primary building block for the IoT, emergent standards such as the oneM2M service platform are selected as the initial architectural hypothesis for the realisation of an ASDP. Accordingly, this project describes a oneM2M-based ASDP as a reference configuration of the oneM2M service platform for automotive environments. In the research, the general applicability of the oneM2M service platform for the proposed ASDP is shown. However, the research also identifies shortcomings of the current oneM2M platform with respect to the capabilities needed for efficient communication and data exchange policies. It is pointed out that, for example, distributed traffic efficiency or vehicle maintenance functionalities are not efficiently treated by the standard. This may also have negative privacy impacts. Following this analysis, this research proposes novel enhancements to the oneM2M service platform, such as application-data-dependent criteria for data exchange and policy aggregation. The feasibility and advancements of the newly proposed approach are evaluated by means of proof-of-concept implementation and experiments with selected automotive scenarios. The results show the benefits of the proposed enhancements for a oneM2M-based ASDP, without neglecting to indicate their advantages for other domains of the oneM2M landscape where they could be applied as well

A software architecture for electro-mobility services: a milestone for sustainable remote vehicle capabilities

To face the tough competition, changing markets and technologies in automotive industry, automakers have to be highly innovative. In the previous decades, innovations were electronics and IT-driven, which increased exponentially the complexity of vehicle’s internal network. Furthermore, the growing expectations and preferences of customers oblige these manufacturers to adapt their business models and to also propose mobility-based services. One other hand, there is also an increasing pressure from regulators to significantly reduce the environmental footprint in transportation and mobility, down to zero in the foreseeable future. This dissertation investigates an architecture for communication and data exchange within a complex and heterogeneous ecosystem. This communication takes place between various third-party entities on one side, and between these entities and the infrastructure on the other. The proposed solution reduces considerably the complexity of vehicle communication and within the parties involved in the ODX life cycle. In such an heterogeneous environment, a particular attention is paid to the protection of confidential and private data. Confidential data here refers to the OEM’s know-how which is enclosed in vehicle projects. The data delivered by a car during a vehicle communication session might contain private data from customers. Our solution ensures that every entity of this ecosystem has access only to data it has the right to. We designed our solution to be non-technological-coupling so that it can be implemented in any platform to benefit from the best environment suited for each task. We also proposed a data model for vehicle projects, which improves query time during a vehicle diagnostic session. The scalability and the backwards compatibility were also taken into account during the design phase of our solution. We proposed the necessary algorithms and the workflow to perform an efficient vehicle diagnostic with considerably lower latency and substantially better complexity time and space than current solutions. To prove the practicality of our design, we presented a prototypical implementation of our design. Then, we analyzed the results of a series of tests we performed on several vehicle models and projects. We also evaluated the prototype against quality attributes in software engineering

Pattern-Oriented Transformations between Analysis and Design Models (POTAD)

One answer to many current challenges in the electronic domain of automotive development, is a continuous model-based engineering process that integrates models of system and software development. A system model describes by the use of the logical system architecture the func-tions of a vehicle and through the technical system architecture the realising electronics, such as control units, sensors/actuators and data busses. During software development, a software design model for selected functions of the logical system architecture must be constructed with consideration of the technical architecture and further requirements. Current model-based development approaches claim to automate the transition between different development phases by the concept of model transformations. This concept lends itself to generate a skele-ton of the software design model from the system architecture model, thereby automating a part of the software engineering activities. The analysis of this work shows that the collected domain specific requirements, which must be made on a model transformation mechanism for such a scenario, are not fulfilled by current approaches. The approach taken in this work, the Pattern-Oriented Transformations between Analysis and Designmodels (POTAD) uses the system architecture as an analysis model within software development and systemizes the connection with the design model on the basis of analysis and design patterns. By means of this systematisation, a POTAD transformation rule instantiates for an analysis pattern different design patterns under consideration of non-functional requirements and the technical system architecture. At the same time, links between an analysis and design pattern are created, which are used to trace design decision later. The feasibility of the solution is shown by a prototype, which follows the POTAD development process and executes the transformation rules formulated in the POTAD transformation lan-guage.POTAD was verified by several student works based on a case study, which covers typical characteristics of the examined domain. The results of these works showed the suitability and improved the methodology as well as the transformation language and pointed out the limits of the approach taken.Eine Antwort auf viele aktuelle Anforderungen im Elektrik/Elektronik-Bereich der Fahrzeugent-wicklung ist ein durchgängig modellbasierter Entwicklungsprozess, der Modelle der System- und Softwareentwicklung integriert. Ein Systemmodell beschreibt mit der logischen System-architektur die Funktionen eines Fahrzeugs und mit der technischen Systemarchitektur die realisierende Elektrik/Elektronik, wie z. B. Steuergeräte, Sensoren/Aktoren und Bussysteme. Im Rahmen der Softwareentwicklung muss für einzelne Funktionen aus der logischen System-architektur unter Berücksichtigung der technischen Systemarchitektur und weiterer An-forderungen ein Softwaredesignmodell erstellt werden. Aktuelle modellbasierte Entwicklungs-ansätze versprechen mit Hilfe des Konzepts der Modelltransformation den Übergang zwischen Modellen unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsphasen automatisieren zu können. Dieses Konzept bietet sich dazu an, aus einem Systemarchitekturmodell ein Grundgerüst eines Softwaredesign-modells zu erzeugen und damit einen Teil der Softwareentwicklungsaktivitäten zu auto-matisieren.Die Analyse dieser Arbeit zeigt, dass die erarbeiteten domänenspezifischen Anforderungen, die für solch ein Szenario an einen Modelltransformationsmechanismus gestellt werden müssen, durch aktuelle Ansätze nicht vollständig erfüllt werden. Der eigene Ansatz Pattern-Oriented Transformations between Analysis and Designmodels (POTAD) verwendet die logische Systemarchitektur im Rahmen der Softwareentwicklung als Analysemodell und systematisiert dessen Zusammenhang mit dem Designmodell auf der Basis von Analyse- und Designmustern. Für ein im Analysemodell gefundenes Analysemuster instanziiert eine POTAD-Transformationsregel mit Hilfe dieser Systematik in Abhängigkeit nichtfunktionaler An-forderungen und der technischen Systemarchitektur unterschiedliche Designmuster im Design-modell. Gleichzeitig werden Verknüpfungen zwischen den Analyse- und Designmustern angelegt, die zur späteren Verfolgung von Designentscheidungen genutzt werden. Anhand eines dem POTAD-Entwicklungsprozess folgenden Prototyps, der die in der POTAD-Transformationssprache formulierten Regeln ausführen kann und die Verfolgbarkeit werkzeug-seitig unterstützt, wird die Realisierbarkeit des Lösungsansatzes gezeigt. POTAD wurde durch studentische Arbeiten anhand einer Fallstudie überprüft, die typische Eigenschaften der betrachteten Domäne abdeckt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeiten haben die Tauglichkeit von POTAD gezeigt, die Methodik und die Transformationssprache verbessert und Grenzen aufgezeigt

Modelling Event-Based Interactions in Component-Based Architectures for Quantitative System Evaluation

This dissertation thesis presents an approach enabling the modelling and quality-of-service prediction of event-based systems at the architecture-level. Applying a two-step model refinement transformation, the approach integrates platform-specific performance influences of the underlying middleware while enabling the use of different existing analytical and simulation-based prediction techniques