The effect of vitamin C and E combination on sperm quality and cement 8-OHdG level of smoke exposed rats

Introduction: Cigarette smoke causes oxidative stress which results in reduced sperm concentration, motility and morphology, also increased levels of 8-OHdG as a marker of DNA damage. Vitamin C and E have potential role in repairing spermatozoa damages. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin C and E combination on sperm quality and cement 8-OHdG level of smoke exposed rats. Methods: This study used a post test only control group design among 18 male Wistar rats subject, aged 8 week, 150-200 grams body weight (BW). The subject was randomly divided into 3 groups, K1: control, K2: cigarettes smoke exposed, K3: cigarettes smoke exposed and given a combination of 0.045 mg/gBW vitamin C and 0.036 IU/gBW vitamin E per oral. Analysis was done on day 21 using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD for sperm concentration, motility and morphology; using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests for cement 8- OHdG levels. Results: The lowest sperm concentration was found in   K2 (K2  32.59  million/mL,  K1 47.91 million/mL, K 339.43 million/mL); the lowest normal sperm motility was found in K2 (K 238.97%, K 164.57%, K3 51.43%); the lowest normal sperm morphology was found in K2 (K2 27.56%, K 138.36%, K 331.18%); and the highest cement 8- OHdG level was found in K2 (K2 20.18ng/mL, K1 3.43ng/mL, K3 5.28ng/mL). Conclusion: Combination of vitamin C and E can improve sperm concentration, motility and morphology and decrease cement 8-OHdG levels of smoke exposed rats

Pengaruh Pemberian Air Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Terhadap Konsentrasi dan Motilitas Spermatozoa Mencit (Mus musculus) Setelah Terpapar Asap Rokok

Merokok telah dikenal sebagai salah satu penyebab masalah kesehatan paru-paru, jantung, gastrointestinal, dan kesuburan. Efek asap rokok terhadap kesuburan dapat dilihat dari penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas spermatozoa. Konsumsi makanan yang mengandung vitamin C diketahui dapat menekan penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa perokok aktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jeruk nipis terhadap konsentrasi spermatozoa dan persentase motilitas spermatozoa abnormal Mus musculus. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemberian jeruk nipis sebagai sumber vitamin C pada mencit (Mus musculus) untuk menentukan pengaruh pemberian jeruk nipis terhadap konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa mencit (Mus musculus) yang telah terpapar asap rokok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian jeruk nipis sebanyak 1 mL/ 100 gram BB mencit dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi spermatozoa dan menurunkan persentase motilitas spermatozoa abnormal mencit setelah paparan asap rokok selama 10 menit

Literature review : pengaruh pemberian terapi vitamin C terhadap morfologi dan kualitas spermatoza hewan uji yang dipapar asap rokok

Merokok merupakan aktivitas yang berdampak buruk bagi tubuh termasuk organ reproduksi. Kebiasaan merokok dapat meningkatkan terjadinya stres oksidatif atau ketidakseimbangan antara radikal bebas dan antioksidan di dalam tubuh sehingga memicu tingginya kadar ROS dalam tubuh, tingginya kadar ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) tersebut dapat menyebabkan terganggunya proses pembentukan spermatozoa. Pemberian vitamin C di percaya dapat memperbaiki kualitas spermatozoa akibat dari radikal bebas yang berasal dari asap rokok. kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi dalam vitamin C mampu menekan stres oksidatif dan menurunkan kadar ROS. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian vitamin C terhadap perbaikan morfologi dan kualitas spermatozoa pada hewan uji yang dipapar asap rokok. Pencarian literature dilakukan dengan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Science Direct. Jurnal yang membahas pengaruh dari pemberian vitamin C terhadap morfologi dan kualitas spermatozoa hewan uji yang dipapar asap rokok. Hasil penelusuran diperoleh 10 jurnal yang menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok hewan uji yang diberikan vitamin C terjadi penurunan abnormalitas morfologi dan peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa, yang berarti bahwa kandungan antioksidan dalam vitamin C berpengaruh dalam memelihara struktur, perkembangan dan fungsi sel-sel spermatozoa. Pemberian vitamin C dapat memperbaiki morfologi serta meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa pada hewan uji yang dipapar asap rokok. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut degan menggunakan sumber vitamin C yang lebih spesifik dan dengan menggunakan dosis yang lebih bervariasi

Biomarkers of effect as determined in human biomonitoring studies on hexavalent chromium and cadmium in the period 2008–2020

This research was supported by funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation Programme under grant agreement No 733032 HBM4EU.A number of human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have presented data on exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] and cadmium (Cd), but comparatively few include results on effect biomarkers. The latter are needed to identify associations between exposure and adverse outcomes (AOs) in order to assess public health implications. To support improved derivation of EU regulation and policy making, it is of great importance to identify the most reliable effect biomarkers for these heavy metals that can be used in HBM studies. In the framework of the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) initiative, our study aim was to identify effect biomarkers linking Cr(VI) and Cd exposure to selected AOs including cancer, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, and omics/epigenetics. A comprehensive PubMed search identified recent HBM studies, in which effect biomarkers were examined. Validity and applicability of the markers in HBM studies are discussed. The most frequently analysed effect biomarkers regarding Cr(VI) exposure and its association with cancer were those indicating oxidative stress (e.g., 8-hydroxy-2 & rsquo;-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH)) and DNA or chromosomal damage (comet and micronucleus assays). With respect to Cd and to some extent Cr, 0-2-microglobulin (B2-MG) and N-acetyl-0-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are well-established, sensitive, and the most common effect biomarkers to relate Cd or Cr exposure to renal tubular dysfunction. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 could serve as sensitive biomarkers of acute kidney injury in response to both metals, but need further investigation in HBM studies. Omics-based biomarkers, i.e., changes in the (epi-)genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome associated with Cr and/or Cd exposure, are promising effect biomarkers, but more HBM data are needed to confirm their significance. The combination of established effect markers and omics biomarkers may represent the strongest approach, especially if based on knowledge of mechanistic principles. To this aim, also mechanistic data were collected to provide guidance on the use of more sensitive and specific effect biomarkers. This also led to the identification of knowledge gaps relevant to the direction of future research.European Commission 733032 HBM4E

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