ROLAX: LOCATION DETERMINATION TECHNIQUES IN 4G NETWORKS

In this dissertation, ROLAX location determination system in 4G networks is presented. ROLAX provides two primary solutions for the location determination in the 4G networks. First, it provides techniques to detect the error-prone wireless conditions in geometric approaches of Time of Arrival (ToA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA). ROLAX provides techniques for a Mobile Station (MS) to determine the Dominant Line-of-Sight Path (DLP) condition given the measurements of the downlink signals from the Base Station (BS). Second, robust RF fingerprinting techniques for the 4G networks are designed. The causes for the signal measurement variation are identified, and the system is designed taking those into account, leading to a significant improvement in accuracy. ROLAX is organized in two phases: offline and online phases. During the offline phase, the radiomap is constructed by wardriving. In order to provide the portability of the techniques, standard radio measurements such as Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) and Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio(CINR) are used in constructing the radiomap. During the online phase, a MS performs the DLP condition test for each BS it can observe. If the number of the BSs under DLP is small, the MS attempts to determine its location by using the RF fingerprinting. In ROLAX, the DLP condition is determined from the RSSI, CINR, and RTD (Round Trip Delay) measurements. Features generated from the RSSI difference between two antennas of the MS were also used. The features, including the variance, the level crossing rate, the correlation between the RSSI and RTD, and Kullback-Leibler Divergence, were successfully used in detecting the DLP condition. We note that, compared to using a single feature, appropriately combined multiple features lead to a very accurate DLP condition detection. A number of pattern matching techniques are evaluated for the purpose of the DLP condition detection. Artificial neural networks, instance-based learning, and Rotation Forest are particularly used in the DLP detection. When the Rotation Forest is used, a detection accuracy of 94.8\% was achieved in the live 4G networks. It has been noted that features designed in the DLP detection can be useful in the RF fingerprinting. In ROLAX, in addition to the DLP detection features, mean of RSSI and mean of CINR are used to create unique RF fingerprints. ROLAX RF fingerprinting techniques include: (1) a number of gridding techniques, including overlapped gridding; (2) an automatic radiomap generation technique by the Delaunay triangulation-based interpolation; (3) the filtering of measurements based upon the power-capture relationship between BSs; and (4) algorithms dealing with the missing data. In this work, software was developed using the interfaces provided by Beceem/Broadcom chip-set based software. Signals were collected from both the home network (MAXWell 4G network) and the foreign network (Clear 4G network). By combining the techniques in ROLAX, a distance error in the order of 4 meters was achieved in the live 4G networks

The Limits of Location Privacy in Mobile Devices

Mobile phones are widely adopted by users across the world today. However, the privacy implications of persistent connectivity are not well understood. This dissertation focuses on one important concern of mobile phone users: location privacy. I approach this problem from the perspective of three adversaries that users are exposed to via smartphone apps: the mobile advertiser, the app developer, and the cellular service provider. First, I quantify the proportion of mobile users who use location permissive apps and are able to be tracked through their advertising identifier, and demonstrate a mark and recapture attack that allows continued tracking of users who hide these identifiers. Ninety-five percent of the 1500 devices we tested were susceptible to this attack. We successfully identified 49% of unlabelled impressions from iOS devices, and 59% from Android, with a budget of only $5 per day, per user. Next, I evaluate an attack wherein a remote server discovers a user\u27s traveled path without permission, simply by analyzing the throughput of the connection to the user over time. In these experiments, a remote attacker can distinguish a user\u27s route among four paths within a University campus with 77% accuracy, and among eight paths surrounding the campus with 83% accuracy. I then propose a protocol for anonymous cell phone usage, which obviates the need for users to trust telecoms with their location, and I evaluate its efficacy against a passive location profiling attack used to infer identity. According to these simulations, even one day is enough to identify one device from among over a hundred with greater than 50% accuracy. To mitigate location profiling attacks, users should change these identifiers every ten minutes and remain offline for 30 seconds, to reduce their identifiability by up to 45%. I conclude by summarizing the key issues in mobile location privacy today, immediate steps that can be taken to improve them, and the inherent privacy costs of remaining constantly connected

Tecnología móvil y su relación con internet

[ES]La importancia de conocer estos sistemas es doble, primero porque son muy habituales las comparaciones entre las mismas y es imprescindible saber de cada una las ventajas e inconvenientes. La segunda razón hace referencia a la importancia de las capacidades y limitaciones de estas tecnolo-gías. La segunda parte muestra un nivel superio de abstracción y se analizan todas las tecnologías y servicios que están disponibles sobre estas tecnologías móviles y que nos van a permitir con su uso y combinación crear aplicaciones móviles. Entre estas tecnologías podemos encontrar una gran variedad para mensajería móvil, todo tipo de técnicas para localizar geográficamente usuarios, así como tecnologías cliente-servidor que emulan el modelo de la World Wide Web y tecnologías que se ejecutan directamente en el terminal. La tercera parte muestra las tecnologías que se montan encima, se analiza-rán las aplicaciones finales que existen y van a aparecer en el entorno móvil. Evidentemente las posibilidades aquí son muy grandes, por lo que trataremos de ver varios ejemplos significativos y haremos hincapié en las ventajas que las tecnologías móviles aportan para el desarrollo de aplicaciones en con-traposición con las aplicaciones “fijas”.[EN]The importance of knowing these systems is twofold, first because comparisons between them are very common and it is essential to know the advantages and disadvantages of each one. The second reason refers to the importance of the capacities and limitations of these technologies. The sec-ond part shows a superior level of abstraction and analyzes all the technologies and services that are available on these mobile technologies and that will allow us with their use and combination to create mobile applications. Among these technologies we can find a great variety for mobile messaging, all kinds of techniques to geographically locate users as well as client-server technologies that emulate the World Wide Web model and technologies that run directly on the terminal. The third part shows the technologies that are mounted on top, will analyze the final applications that exist and will appear in the mobile environment. Obviously the possibilities here are very great, so we will try to see several significant examples and we will place special emphasis on the advantages that mobile technologies bring to the development of applications as opposed to "fixed" application

Introducción a los sistemas móviles de comunicaciones

[ES]El presente capítulo se estructura en tres grandes partes. En la primera se analizan las diferentes tecnologías de comunicaciones móviles. Son el equivalente en la telefonía móvil a RDSI o ADSL. La im-portancia de conocer estos sistemas es doble, primero porque son muy habituales las comparaciones entre las mismas y es imprescindible saber de cada una las ventajas e inconvenientes. La segunda razón hace referencia a la importancia de las capacidades y limitaciones de estas tecnologías. La segunda parte muestra un nivel superio de abstracción y se analizan todas las tecnologías y servicios que están disponibles sobre estas tecnologías móviles y que nos van a permitir con su uso y combinación crear aplicaciones móviles. Entre estas tecnologías podemos encontrar una gran variedad para mensajería móvil, todo tipo de técnicas para localizar geográficamente usuarios, así como tecnologías cliente-servidor que emulan el modelo de la World Wide Web y tecnologías que se ejecutan directamente en el terminal. La tercera parte muestra las tecnologías que se montan encima, se analizarán las aplicaciones finales que existen y van a aparecer en el entorno móvil. Evidentemente las posibilidades aquí son muy grandes, por lo que trataremos de ver varios ejemplos significativos y haremos hincapié en las ventajas que las tecnologías móviles aportan para el desarrollo de aplicaciones en contraposición con las aplicaciones “fijas”.[EN]This chapter is structured in three main parts. The first part analyses the different mobile commu-nications technologies. They are the mobile telephony equivalent of ISDN or ADSL. The importance of knowing these systems is twofold, first because comparisons between them are very common and it is es-sential to know the advantages and disadvantages of each one. The second reason refers to the importance of the capacities and limitations of these technologies. The second part shows a superior level of abstraction and analyzes all the technologies and services that are available on these mobile technologies and that will allow us with their use and combination to create mobile applications. Among these technologies we can find a great variety for mobile messaging, all kinds of techniques to geographically locate users as well as client-server technologies that emulate the World Wide Web model and technologies that run directly on the terminal. The third part shows the technologies that are mounted on top, will analyze the final applica-tions that exist and will appear in the mobile environment. Obviously the possibilities here are very great, so we will try to see several significant examples and we will place special emphasis on the advantages that mobile technologies bring to the development of applications as opposed to "fixed" applications

5G Outlook – Innovations and Applications

5G Outlook - Innovations and Applications is a collection of the recent research and development in the area of the Fifth Generation Mobile Technology (5G), the future of wireless communications. Plenty of novel ideas and knowledge of the 5G are presented in this book as well as divers applications from health science to business modeling. The authors of different chapters contributed from various countries and organizations. The chapters have also been presented at the 5th IEEE 5G Summit held in Aalborg on July 1, 2016. The book starts with a comprehensive introduction on 5G and its need and requirement. Then millimeter waves as a promising spectrum to 5G technology is discussed. The book continues with the novel and inspiring ideas for the future wireless communication usage and network. Further, some technical issues in signal processing and network design for 5G are presented. Finally, the book ends up with different applications of 5G in distinct areas. Topics widely covered in this book are: • 5G technology from past to present to the future• Millimeter- waves and their characteristics• Signal processing and network design issues for 5G• Applications, business modeling and several novel ideas for the future of 5

5G Outlook – Innovations and Applications

5G Outlook - Innovations and Applications is a collection of the recent research and development in the area of the Fifth Generation Mobile Technology (5G), the future of wireless communications. Plenty of novel ideas and knowledge of the 5G are presented in this book as well as divers applications from health science to business modeling. The authors of different chapters contributed from various countries and organizations. The chapters have also been presented at the 5th IEEE 5G Summit held in Aalborg on July 1, 2016. The book starts with a comprehensive introduction on 5G and its need and requirement. Then millimeter waves as a promising spectrum to 5G technology is discussed. The book continues with the novel and inspiring ideas for the future wireless communication usage and network. Further, some technical issues in signal processing and network design for 5G are presented. Finally, the book ends up with different applications of 5G in distinct areas. Topics widely covered in this book are: • 5G technology from past to present to the future• Millimeter- waves and their characteristics• Signal processing and network design issues for 5G• Applications, business modeling and several novel ideas for the future of 5

Sensors Science

Congreso Iberoamericano de Filosofía de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (4o. 2017. Salamanca, España

Mobile Computing and Applications

Congreso Iberoamericano de Filosofía de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (4o. 2017. Salamanca, España

Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995)

The files on this record represent the various databases that originally composed the CD-ROM issue of "Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding" database, which is now part of the Dudley Knox Library's Abstracts and Selected Full Text Documents on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995) Collection. (See Calhoun record https://calhoun.nps.edu/handle/10945/57364 for further information on this collection and the bibliography). Due to issues of technological obsolescence preventing current and future audiences from accessing the bibliography, DKL exported and converted into the three files on this record the various databases contained in the CD-ROM. The contents of these files are: 1) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_xls.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.xls: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format; RDFA_Glossary.xls: Glossary of terms, in Excel 97-2003 Workbookformat; RDFA_Biographies.xls: Biographies of leading figures, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format]; 2) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_csv.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.TXT: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in CSV format; RDFA_Glossary.TXT: Glossary of terms, in CSV format; RDFA_Biographies.TXT: Biographies of leading figures, in CSV format]; 3) RDFA_CompleteBibliography.pdf: A human readable display of the bibliographic data, as a means of double-checking any possible deviations due to conversion