Shipbuilding 4.0 Index Approaching Supply Chain

The shipbuilding industry shows a special interest in adapting to the changes proposed by the industry 4.0. This article bets on the development of an index that indicates the current situation considering that supply chain is a key factor in any type of change, and at the same time it serves as a control tool in the implementation of improvements. The proposed indices provide a first definition of the paradigm or paradigms that best fit the supply chain in order to improve its sustainability and a second definition, regarding the key enabling technologies for Industry 4.0. The values obtained put shipbuilding on the road to industry 4.0 while suggesting categorized planning of technologies

Ship product modelling

This paper is a fundamental review of ship product modeling techniques with a focus on determining the state of the art, to identify any shortcomings and propose future directions. The review addresses ship product data representations, product modeling techniques and integration issues, and life phase issues. The most significant development has been the construction of the ship Standard for the Exchange of Product Data (STEP) application protocols. However, difficulty has been observed with respect to the general uptake of the standards, in particular with the application to legacy systems, often resulting in embellishments to the standards and limiting the ability to further exchange the product data. The EXPRESS modeling language is increasingly being superseded by the extensible mark-up language (XML) as a method to map the STEP data, due to its wider support throughout the information technology industry and its more obvious structure and hierarchy. The associated XML files are, however, larger than those produced using the EXPRESS language and make further demands on the already considerable storage required for the ship product model. Seamless integration between legacy applications appears to be difficult to achieve using the current technologies, which often rely on manual interaction for the translation of files. The paper concludes with a discussion of future directions that aim to either solve or alleviate these issues

Societal Effects and the Transfer of Business Practices to Britain and France

This paper seeks to reconcile the notion of a 'societal effect' in business organisation with the considerable evidence that competitive pressures continuously lead national producers to emulate the business practices of other nations, which are perceived as providing a basis for superior economic performance. The paper identifies three sources of national specificity in the process of emulation giving rise to 'hybrid' models. First, the fact that a nation's manufacturers have a distinctive knowledge base means that adopting another nation's methods will depend on local learning involving trial and error. The more 'distant' the emulated technology is from the local one, the less likely it is that this learning process will result in an exact replica of the parent model. Second, when there are strong interdependencies between a nation's production methods and its systems of vocational training, there will be strong pressure to adopt new methods in ways that are compatible with existing career structures. Third, the fact each nation has a particular industrial relations legacy involving varying levels of trust between labour and management, means that new practices will be introduced through a distinctive process of negotiation and compromise giving rise to national specific effects.knowledge, learning processes, national specificity

Regional networking as success factor in the transformation processes of maritime industry: Experiences and perspectives from Baltic Sea countries

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Research on BOM Mapping transformation for Ship Construction Process

Abstract: Due to the problem about the core departmental "information isolated island" with BOM, various stages of ship product design section are convergence off and impeded the construction of agile ship the product. In this paper, first, establish the various stages of the ship product BOM structure model, based on a comparison of the structural model analysis, design a more practical conversion method, and then describe the conversion process about the ship product life cycle BOM view in order to quickly build a variety of BOM view. Keywords: BOM; BOM tectonic model; BOM view of conversio

State Aid, Industrial Restructuring and Privatization in the New German Länder: Competition Policy with Case Studies of the Shipbuilding and Synthetic Fibres Industries

The industrial restructuring in the new Länder of Germany consisted of closing down production capacities created under the socialist regime. In turn, public and private investments were channeled into those departments of the former "factories of the people" (VEBs) where new production capacities would be competitive on international markets. The Treuhandanstalt was the main agent of this process, providing both active management advice and enormous financial aids. As a result, this form of industrial policy in East Germany was in permanent conflict with the EC-competition rules, in particular articles 92 and 93 of the EEC-Treaty, which rules out state aid that distorts competition. This paper analyzes the effects of state aids in East Germany on European competition. We first discuss the specificity of post-socialist industrial restructuring in East Germany, which consisted of the "enterprization" of socialist combines into capitalist enterprises. Second, we review the economic rationale for state aids in the East German context by distinguishing between static and dynamic arguments. Third, we apply these theoretical arguments for state aid to two concrete case studies: shipbuilding and synthetic fibres. We conclude from a static point of view that state aids can not be justified in both cases: large capacities were added to already existing overcapacities in Europe. Considering dynamic arguments, we assess the likelihood that the industrial restructuring may lead to the creation of new East German enterprises that are at the leading edge of technology and with a high productivity. While the East German cases of state aid were a novelty for European competition policy, there might be important implications for other postsocialist countries (e.g. Poland, Hungary, Czech and Slovak Republic) once they join the EU. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG - (Staatliche Beihilfen, Industriereform und Privatisierung in den neuen Bundesländern -Untersuchung der Wettbewerbspolitik und Fallstudien des ostdeutschen Schiffbaus und der Synthesefaserindustrie) Der industrielle Umstrukturierungsprozeß in den neuen Bundesländern bestand darin, alte sozialistische Produktionskapazitäten abzubauen und Investitionen in diejenigen Betriebsteile früherer VEBs zu lenken, in denen wettbewerbsfähige marktwirtschaftliche Produktionskapazitäten aufgebaut werden konnten. Von staatlicher Seite kam der Treuhandanstalt die Aufgabe zu, neben aktivem Management auch umfangreiche finanzielle Mittel für die Umstrukturierung zur Verfügung zu stellen. Damit stand die Industriepolitik in den neuen Bundesländern in ständigem Konflikt mit dem wettbewerblichen Regelwerk der Europäischen Gemeinschaft, vor allem mit Artikeln 92 und 93 EWG-Vertrag, die staatliche Beihilfen generell untersagen. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die wettbewerbspolitischen Auswirkungen der Industriereformen in den neuen Bundesländern. Eingangs wird die post-sozialistische Besonderheit dieses Prozesses erläutert, die in der "Unternehmisierung" sozialistischer VEBs in marktwirtschaftliche Unternehmen bestand. Im Anschluß daran werden statische und dynamische Kriterien zur Bewertung staatlicher Beihilfen entwickelt. Diese werden anhand von zwei Fallstudien getestet (Schiffbau und Synthesefasern). In beiden Fällen erscheinen die staatlichen Beihilfen aus statischer Sicht problematisch, da mit hohem finanziellem Aufwand neue Kapazitäten geschaffen wurden, die das Problem der europäischen Überkapazitäten noch verschärften. Bei dynamischer Sichtweise fällt das Ergebnis positiver aus, da die ostdeutschen Unternehmen bei erfolgreich abgeschlossener Umstrukturierung zu den europaweit produktivsten gehören könnten. Die Erfahrung in den neuen Bundesländern deutet auch darauf hin, daß bei einer EU-Erweiterung um mittel- und osteuropäische Länder erhebliche wettbewerbspolitische Probleme zu erwarten sind.Intermediation; Market Microstructure; Matching; Uncertainty; Innovation; Patent Licensing

A virtual environment to support the distributed design of large made-to-order products

An overview of a virtual design environment (virtual platform) developed as part of the European Commission funded VRShips-ROPAX (VRS) project is presented. The main objectives for the development of the virtual platform are described, followed by the discussion of the techniques chosen to address the objectives, and finally a description of a use-case for the platform. Whilst the focus of the VRS virtual platform was to facilitate the design of ROPAX (roll-on passengers and cargo) vessels, the components within the platform are entirely generic and may be applied to the distributed design of any type of vessel, or other complex made-to-order products

Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint

Copyright © 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. The use of building information modelling (BIM) in construction compares to the use of product lifecycle management (PLM) in manufacturing. Previous research has shown that it is possible to improve BIM with the features and the best practices from the PLM approach. This article provides a comparison from the standpoint of the bill of materials (BOM) and product structures. It compares the product beginning of life in both construction and shipbuilding industries. The research then tries to understand the use, form and evolution of product structures and BOM concepts in shipbuilding with the aim of identifying equivalent notions in construction. Research findings demonstrate that similar concepts for structuring information exist in construction; however, the relationship between them is unclear. Further research is therefore required to detail the links identified by the authors and develop an equivalent central structuring backbone as found in PLM platforms