Four-bar linkage synthesis using non-convex optimization

Ce mémoire présente une méthode pour synthétiser automatiquement des mécanismes articulés à quatre barres. Un logiciel implémentant cette méthode a été développé dans le cadre d’une initiative d’Autodesk Research portant sur la conception générative. Le logiciel prend une trajectoire en entrée et calcule les paramètres d’un mécanisme articulé à quatre barres capable de reproduire la même trajectoire. Ce problème de génération de trajectoire est résolu par optimisation non-convexe. Le problème est modélisé avec des contraintes quadratiques et des variables réelles. Une contrainte redondante spéciale améliore grandement la performance de la méthode. L’expérimentation présentée montre que le logiciel est plus rapide et précis que les approches existantes.This thesis presents a method to automatically synthesize four-bar linkages. A software implementing the method was developed in the scope of a generative design initiative at Autodesk. The software takes a path as input and computes the parameters of a four-bar linkage able to replicate the same path. This path generation problem is solved using non-convex optimization. The problem is modeled with quadratic constraints and real variables. A special redundant constraint greatly improves the performance of the method. Experiments show that the software is faster and more precise than existing approaches

A Modular Approach to Large-scale Design Optimization of Aerospace Systems.

Gradient-based optimization and the adjoint method form a synergistic combination that enables the efficient solution of large-scale optimization problems. Though the gradient-based approach struggles with non-smooth or multi-modal problems, the capability to efficiently optimize up to tens of thousands of design variables provides a valuable design tool for exploring complex tradeoffs and finding unintuitive designs. However, the widespread adoption of gradient-based optimization is limited by the implementation challenges for computing derivatives efficiently and accurately, particularly in multidisciplinary and shape design problems. This thesis addresses these difficulties in two ways. First, to deal with the heterogeneity and integration challenges of multidisciplinary problems, this thesis presents a computational modeling framework that solves multidisciplinary systems and computes their derivatives in a semi-automated fashion. This framework is built upon a new mathematical formulation developed in this thesis that expresses any computational model as a system of algebraic equations and unifies all methods for computing derivatives using a single equation. The framework is applied to two engineering problems: the optimization of a nanosatellite with 7 disciplines and over 25,000 design variables; and simultaneous allocation and mission optimization for commercial aircraft involving 330 design variables, 12 of which are integer variables handled using the branch-and-bound method. In both cases, the framework makes large-scale optimization possible by reducing the implementation effort and code complexity. The second half of this thesis presents a differentiable parametrization of aircraft geometries and structures for high-fidelity shape optimization. Existing geometry parametrizations are not differentiable, or they are limited in the types of shape changes they allow. This is addressed by a novel parametrization that smoothly interpolates aircraft components, providing differentiability. An unstructured quadrilateral mesh generation algorithm is also developed to automate the creation of detailed meshes for aircraft structures, and a mesh convergence study is performed to verify that the quality of the mesh is maintained as it is refined. As a demonstration, high-fidelity aerostructural analysis is performed for two unconventional configurations with detailed structures included, and aerodynamic shape optimization is applied to the truss-braced wing, which finds and eliminates a shock in the region bounded by the struts and the wing.PhDAerospace EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111567/1/hwangjt_1.pd

Usability of structured lattices for a post-quantum cryptography: practical computations, and a study of some real Kummer extensions

Lattice-based cryptography is an excellent candidate for post-quantum cryptography, i.e. cryptosystems which are resistant to attacks run on quantum computers. For efficiency reason, most of the constructions explored nowadays are based on structured lattices, such as module lattices or ideal lattices. The security of most constructions can be related to the hardness of retrieving a short element in such lattices, and one does not know yet to what extent these additional structures weaken the cryptosystems. A related problem – which is an extension of a classical problem in computational number theory – called the Short Principal Ideal Problem (or SPIP), consists of finding a short generator of a principal ideal. Its assumed hardness has been used to build some cryptographic schemes. However it has been shown to be solvable in quantum polynomial time over cyclotomic fields, through an attack which uses the Log-unit lattice of the field considered. Later, practical results showed that multiquadratic fields were also weak to this strategy. The main general question that we study in this thesis is To what extent can structured lattices be used to build a post-quantum cryptography

Coupling of an SPH-based solver with a multiphysics library

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGA two-way coupling between the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-based (SPH) code with a multiphysics library to solve complex fluid-solid interaction problems is proposed. This work provides full access to the package for the use of this coupling by releasing the source code, completed with guidelines for its compilation and utilization, and self-contained template setups for practical uses of the novel implemented features, is provided here. The presented coupling expands the applicability of two different solvers allowing to simulate fluids, multibody systems, collisions with frictional contacts using either non-smooth contact (NSC) or smooth contact (SMC) methods, all integrated under the same framework. The fluid solver is the open-source code DualSPHysics, highly optimised for simulating free-surface phenomena and structure interactions, uniquely positioned as a general-purpose Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software with a GPU-accelerated solver. Mechanical systems that comprise collision detection and/or multibody dynamics are solved by the multiphysics library Project Chrono, which uses a Discrete Element Method (DEM). Therefore, this SPH-DEM coupling approach can manage interactions between fluid and complex multibody systems with relative constraints, springs, or mechanical joints.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | Ref. PID2020-113245RB-I00Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C 2021/44Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481A-2021/337Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Xunta de Galicia con fondos de la Unión Europea NextGenerationEU y el Fondo Europeo Marítimo y de Pesca | Ref. PRTR-C17.I

The Design and Implementation of a High-Performance Polynomial System Solver

This thesis examines the algorithmic and practical challenges of solving systems of polynomial equations. We discuss the design and implementation of triangular decomposition to solve polynomials systems exactly by means of symbolic computation. Incremental triangular decomposition solves one equation from the input list of polynomials at a time. Each step may produce several different components (points, curves, surfaces, etc.) of the solution set. Independent components imply that the solving process may proceed on each component concurrently. This so-called component-level parallelism is a theoretical and practical challenge characterized by irregular parallelism. Parallelism is not an algorithmic property but rather a geometrical property of the particular input system’s solution set. Despite these challenges, we have effectively applied parallel computing to triangular decomposition through the layering and cooperation of many parallel code regions. This parallel computing is supported by our generic object-oriented framework based on the dynamic multithreading paradigm. Meanwhile, the required polynomial algebra is sup- ported by an object-oriented framework for algebraic types which allows type safety and mathematical correctness to be determined at compile-time. Our software is implemented in C/C++ and have extensively tested the implementation for correctness and performance on over 3000 polynomial systems that have arisen in practice. The parallel framework has been re-used in the implementation of Hensel factorization as a parallel pipeline to compute roots of a polynomial with multivariate power series coefficients. Hensel factorization is one step toward computing the non-trivial limit points of quasi-components

Intelligent Systems

This book is dedicated to intelligent systems of broad-spectrum application, such as personal and social biosafety or use of intelligent sensory micro-nanosystems such as "e-nose", "e-tongue" and "e-eye". In addition to that, effective acquiring information, knowledge management and improved knowledge transfer in any media, as well as modeling its information content using meta-and hyper heuristics and semantic reasoning all benefit from the systems covered in this book. Intelligent systems can also be applied in education and generating the intelligent distributed eLearning architecture, as well as in a large number of technical fields, such as industrial design, manufacturing and utilization, e.g., in precision agriculture, cartography, electric power distribution systems, intelligent building management systems, drilling operations etc. Furthermore, decision making using fuzzy logic models, computational recognition of comprehension uncertainty and the joint synthesis of goals and means of intelligent behavior biosystems, as well as diagnostic and human support in the healthcare environment have also been made easier