Handling other people’s wealth – the taint of corruption

The Rt Hon Clare Short explains how the issue of corruption is directly relevant to the prospects of reducing poverty in developing countries. She describes the role of corruption, such as bribery and money laundering, in perpetuating poverty and outlines the opportunities for international partnership and strategy to address the problems and their causes. Article by the Rt Hon Clare Short MP (Secretary of State for International Development) based on a speech given at the Society of Advanced Legal Studies Conference on 24 February 2000, published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies and its Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London

Non-Markovian waiting time distribution

Simulation methods based on stochastic realizations of state vector evolutions are commonly used tools to solve open quantum system dynamics, both in the Markovian and non-Markovian regime. Here, we address the question of waiting time distribution (WTD) of quantum jumps for non-Markovian systems. We generalize Markovian quantum trajectory methods in the sense of deriving an exact analytical WTD for non-Markovian quantum dynamics and show explicitly how to construct this distribution for certain commonly used quantum optical systems.Comment: journal versio

State and parameter estimation using Monte Carlo evaluation of path integrals

Transferring information from observations of a dynamical system to estimate the fixed parameters and unobserved states of a system model can be formulated as the evaluation of a discrete time path integral in model state space. The observations serve as a guiding potential working with the dynamical rules of the model to direct system orbits in state space. The path integral representation permits direct numerical evaluation of the conditional mean path through the state space as well as conditional moments about this mean. Using a Monte Carlo method for selecting paths through state space we show how these moments can be evaluated and demonstrate in an interesting model system the explicit influence of the role of transfer of information from the observations. We address the question of how many observations are required to estimate the unobserved state variables, and we examine the assumptions of Gaussianity of the underlying conditional probability.Comment: Submitted to the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 19 pages, 5 figure

Optimum unambiguous identification of d unknown pure qudit states

We address the problem of unambiguously identifying the state of a probe qudit with the state of one of d reference qudits. The reference states are assumed pure and linearly independent but we have no knowledge of them. The state of the probe qudit is assumed to coincide equally likely with either one of the d unknown reference states. We derive the optimum measurement strategy that maximizes the success probability of unambiguous identification and find that the optimum strategy is a generalized measurement. We give both the measurement operators and the optimum success probability explicitly. Technically, the problem we solve amounts to the optimum unambiguous discrimination of d known mixed quantum states.Comment: A reference has been included and a sign error has been corrected that propagated and affected the final result and is unfortunately also present in the printed journal versio

The Inherent Power of the Judiciary

Address delivered by Henry M. Dowling of the Indianapolis Bar at the Annual Meeting of the Indiana State Bar Association September 7, 1935; first published in the October American Bar Association Journal and reprinted here with permission of that journal

The Inherent Power of the Judiciary

Address delivered by Henry M. Dowling of the Indianapolis Bar at the Annual Meeting of the Indiana State Bar Association September 7, 1935; first published in the October American Bar Association Journal and reprinted here with permission of that journal

A parallel Heap-Cell Method for Eikonal equations

Numerous applications of Eikonal equations prompted the development of many efficient numerical algorithms. The Heap-Cell Method (HCM) is a recent serial two-scale technique that has been shown to have advantages over other serial state-of-the-art solvers for a wide range of problems. This paper presents a parallelization of HCM for a shared memory architecture. The numerical experiments in $R^3$ show that the parallel HCM exhibits good algorithmic behavior and scales well, resulting in a very fast and practical solver. We further explore the influence on performance and scaling of data precision, early termination criteria, and the hardware architecture. A shorter version of this manuscript (omitting these more detailed tests) has been submitted to SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing in 2012.Comment: (a minor update to address the reviewers' comments) 31 pages; 15 figures; this is an expanded version of a paper accepted by SIAM Journal on Scientific Computin