109,381 research outputs found
Singular ARMA signals
Singular random signals are characterized by the fact that their values at each time are singular random variables, which means that their distribution functions are continuous but with a derivative almost everywhere equal to zero. Such random variables are usually considered as without interest in engineering or signal processing problems. The purpose of this paper is to show that very
simple signals can be singular. This is especially the case for autoregressive moving average (ARMA) signals defined by white noise taking only discrete values and filters with poles located in a circle of singularity introduced in this paper. After giving the origin of singularity and analyzing its relationships with fractal properties, various simulations highlighting this structure will be presented
Rough differential equations driven by signals in Besov spaces
Rough differential equations are solved for signals in general Besov spaces
unifying in particular the known results in H\"older and p-variation topology.
To this end the paracontrolled distribution approach, which has been introduced
by Gubinelli, Imkeller and Perkowski ["Paracontrolled distribution and singular
PDEs", Forum of Mathematics, Pi (2015)] to analyze singular stochastic PDEs, is
extended from H\"older to Besov spaces. As an application we solve stochastic
differential equations driven by random functions in Besov spaces and Gaussian
processes in a pathwise sense.Comment: Former title: "Rough differential equations on Besov spaces", 37
page
Design of ternary signals for MIMO identification in the presence of noise and nonlinear distortion
A new approach to designing sets of ternary periodic signals with different periods for multi-input multi-output system identification is described. The signals are pseudo-random signals with uniform nonzero harmonics, generated from Galois field GF(q), where q is a prime or a power of a prime. The signals are designed to be uncorrelated, so that effects of different inputs can be easily decoupled. However, correlated harmonics can be included if necessary, for applications in the identification of ill-conditioned processes. A design table is given for q les 31. An example is presented for the design of five uncorrelated signals with a common period N = 168 . Three of these signals are applied to identify the transfer function matrix as well as the singular values of a simulated distillation column. Results obtained are compared with those achieved using two alternative methods
Mathematical Analysis of Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging
This paper provides a mathematical analysis of ultrafast ultrasound imaging.
This newly emerging modality for biomedical imaging uses plane waves instead of
focused waves in order to achieve very high frame rates. We derive the point
spread function of the system in the Born approximation for wave propagation
and study its properties. We consider dynamic data for blood flow imaging, and
introduce a suitable random model for blood cells. We show that a singular
value decomposition method can successfully remove the clutter signal by using
the different spatial coherence of tissue and blood signals, thereby providing
high-resolution images of blood vessels, even in cases when the clutter and
blood speeds are comparable in magnitude. Several numerical simulations are
presented to illustrate and validate the approach.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figure
Isotropically Random Orthogonal Matrices: Performance of LASSO and Minimum Conic Singular Values
Recently, the precise performance of the Generalized LASSO algorithm for
recovering structured signals from compressed noisy measurements, obtained via
i.i.d. Gaussian matrices, has been characterized. The analysis is based on a
framework introduced by Stojnic and heavily relies on the use of Gordon's
Gaussian min-max theorem (GMT), a comparison principle on Gaussian processes.
As a result, corresponding characterizations for other ensembles of measurement
matrices have not been developed. In this work, we analyze the corresponding
performance of the ensemble of isotropically random orthogonal (i.r.o.)
measurements. We consider the constrained version of the Generalized LASSO and
derive a sharp characterization of its normalized squared error in the
large-system limit. When compared to its Gaussian counterpart, our result
analytically confirms the superiority in performance of the i.r.o. ensemble.
Our second result, derives an asymptotic lower bound on the minimum conic
singular values of i.r.o. matrices. This bound is larger than the corresponding
bound on Gaussian matrices. To prove our results we express i.r.o. matrices in
terms of Gaussians and show that, with some modifications, the GMT framework is
still applicable
Non-stationary vibration studying based on singular spectrum analysis
In this paper nonstationary vibrations are studied by means singular spectrum analysis (SSA) – a model-free method of time series analysis and forecasting. SSA allows decomposing the nonstationary time series into trend, periodic components and noise and forecasting subsequent behavior of system. The method can be successfully used for processing the signals from the vibrating constructional elements and machine parts. This paper shows application of this method for random and nonlinear vibrations study on the examples of construction elements vibration under seismic action
Multiple scattering of ultrasound in weakly inhomogeneous media: application to human soft tissues
Waves scattered by a weakly inhomogeneous random medium contain a predominant
single scattering contribution as well as a multiple scattering contribution
which is usually neglected, especially for imaging purposes. A method based on
random matrix theory is proposed to separate the single and multiple scattering
contributions. The experimental set up uses an array of sources/receivers
placed in front of the medium. The impulse responses between every couple of
transducers are measured and form a matrix. Single-scattering contributions are
shown to exhibit a deterministic coherence along the antidiagonals of the array
response matrix, whatever the distribution of inhomogeneities. This property is
taken advantage of to discriminate single from multiple-scattered waves. This
allows one to evaluate the absorption losses and the scattering losses
separately, by comparing the multiple scattering intensity with a radiative
transfer model. Moreover, the relative contribution of multiple scattering in
the backscattered wave can be estimated, which serves as a validity test for
the Born approximation. Experimental results are presented with ultrasonic
waves in the MHz range, on a synthetic sample (agar-gelatine gel) as well as on
breast tissues. Interestingly, the multiple scattering contribution is found to
be far from negligible in the breast around 4.3 MHz.Comment: 35 pages, 11 figures, final version, contains the appendix of the
original articl
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