394 research outputs found
More Real than Real: A Study on Human Visual Perception of Synthetic Faces
Deep fakes became extremely popular in the last years, also thanks to their
increasing realism. Therefore, there is the need to measures human's ability to
distinguish between real and synthetic face images when confronted with
cutting-edge creation technologies. We describe the design and results of a
perceptual experiment we have conducted, where a wide and diverse group of
volunteers has been exposed to synthetic face images produced by
state-of-the-art Generative Adversarial Networks (namely, PG-GAN, StyleGAN,
StyleGAN2). The experiment outcomes reveal how strongly we should call into
question our human ability to discriminate real faces from synthetic ones
generated through modern AI
Handbook of Digital Face Manipulation and Detection
This open access book provides the first comprehensive collection of studies dealing with the hot topic of digital face manipulation such as DeepFakes, Face Morphing, or Reenactment. It combines the research fields of biometrics and media forensics including contributions from academia and industry. Appealing to a broad readership, introductory chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the topic, which address readers wishing to gain a brief overview of the state-of-the-art. Subsequent chapters, which delve deeper into various research challenges, are oriented towards advanced readers. Moreover, the book provides a good starting point for young researchers as well as a reference guide pointing at further literature. Hence, the primary readership is academic institutions and industry currently involved in digital face manipulation and detection. The book could easily be used as a recommended text for courses in image processing, machine learning, media forensics, biometrics, and the general security area
VR Lab: User Interaction in Virtual Environments using Space and Time Morphing
Virtual Reality (VR) allows exploring changes in space and time that would otherwise
be difficult to simulate in the real world. It becomes possible to transform the virtual
world by increasing or diminishing distances or playing with time delays. Analysing the
adaptability of users to different space-time conditions allows studying human perception
and finding the right combination of interaction paradigms.
Different methods have been proposed in the literature to offer users intuitive techniques
for navigating wide virtual spaces, even if restricted to small physical play areas.
Other studies investigate latency tolerance, suggesting humans’ inability to detect slight
discrepancies between visual and proprioceptive sensory information. These studies
contribute valuable insights for designing immersive virtual experiences and interaction
techniques suitable for each task.
This dissertation presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a tangible
VR Lab where spatiotemporal morphing scenarios can be studied. As a case study, we
restricted the scope of the research to three spatial morphing scenarios and one temporal
morphing scenario. The spatial morphing scenarios compared Euclidean and hyperbolic
geometries, studied size discordance between physical and virtual objects, and the representation
of hands in VR. The temporal morphing scenario investigated from what
visual delay the task performance is affected. The users’ adaptability to the different
spatiotemporal conditions was assessed based on task completion time, questionnaires,
and observed behaviours.
The results revealed significant differences between Euclidean and hyperbolic spaces.
They also showed a preference for handling virtual and physical objects with concordant
sizes, without any virtual representation of the hands. Although task performance was
affected from 200 ms onwards, participants considered the ease of the task to be affected
only from 500 ms visual delay onwards.A Realidade Virtual (RV) permite explorar mudanças no espaço e no tempo que de outra
forma seriam difÃceis de simular no mundo real. Torna-se possÃvel transformar o mundo
virtual aumentando ou diminuindo as distâncias ou manipulando os atrasos no tempo.
A análise da adaptabilidade dos utilizadores a diferentes condições espaço-temporais
permite estudar a perceção humana e encontrar a combinação certa de paradigmas de
interação.
Diferentes métodos têm sido propostos na literatura para oferecer aos utilizadores
técnicas intuitivas de navegação em espaços virtuais amplos, mesmo que restritos a pequenas
áreas fÃsicas de jogo. Outros estudos investigam a tolerância à latência, sugerindo
a incapacidade do ser humano de detetar ligeiras discrepâncias entre a informação sensorial
visual e propriocetiva. Estes estudos contribuem com valiosas informações para
conceber experiências virtuais imersivas e técnicas de interação adequadas a cada tarefa.
Esta dissertação apresenta o desenho, implementação e avaliação de um Laboratório
de RV tangÃvel onde podem ser estudados cenários de distorção espaço-temporal. Como
estudo de caso, restringimos o âmbito da investigação a três cenários de distorção espacial
e um cenário de distorção temporal. Os cenários de distorção espacial compararam geometrias
Euclidianas e hiperbólicas, estudaram a discordância de tamanho entre objetos
fÃsicos e virtuais, e a representação das mãos em RV. O cenário de distorção temporal investigou
a partir de que atraso visual o desempenho da tarefa é afetado. A adaptabilidade
dos utilizadores às diferentes condições espaço-temporais foi avaliada com base no tempo
de conclusão da tarefa, questionários, e comportamentos observados.
Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas entre os espaços Euclidiano e hiperbólico.
Também mostraram a preferência pelo manuseamento de objetos virtuais e fÃsicos
com tamanhos concordantes, sem qualquer representação virtual das mãos. Embora o desempenho
da tarefa tenha sido afetado a partir dos 200 ms, os participantes consideraram
que a facilidade da tarefa só foi afetada a partir dos 500 ms de atraso visual
Handbook of Digital Face Manipulation and Detection
This open access book provides the first comprehensive collection of studies dealing with the hot topic of digital face manipulation such as DeepFakes, Face Morphing, or Reenactment. It combines the research fields of biometrics and media forensics including contributions from academia and industry. Appealing to a broad readership, introductory chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the topic, which address readers wishing to gain a brief overview of the state-of-the-art. Subsequent chapters, which delve deeper into various research challenges, are oriented towards advanced readers. Moreover, the book provides a good starting point for young researchers as well as a reference guide pointing at further literature. Hence, the primary readership is academic institutions and industry currently involved in digital face manipulation and detection. The book could easily be used as a recommended text for courses in image processing, machine learning, media forensics, biometrics, and the general security area
Change blindness: eradication of gestalt strategies
Arrays of eight, texture-defined rectangles were used as stimuli in a one-shot change blindness (CB) task where there was a 50% chance that one rectangle would change orientation between two successive presentations separated by an interval. CB was eliminated by cueing the target rectangle in the first stimulus, reduced by cueing in the interval and unaffected by cueing in the second presentation. This supports the idea that a representation was formed that persisted through the interval before being 'overwritten' by the second presentation (Landman et al, 2003 Vision Research 43149–164]. Another possibility is that participants used some kind of grouping or Gestalt strategy. To test this we changed the spatial position of the rectangles in the second presentation by shifting them along imaginary spokes (by ±1 degree) emanating from the central fixation point. There was no significant difference seen in performance between this and the standard task [F(1,4)=2.565, p=0.185]. This may suggest two things: (i) Gestalt grouping is not used as a strategy in these tasks, and (ii) it gives further weight to the argument that objects may be stored and retrieved from a pre-attentional store during this task
Application-driven visual computing towards industry 4.0 2018
245 p.La Tesis recoge contribuciones en tres campos: 1. Agentes Virtuales Interactivos: autónomos, modulares, escalables, ubicuos y atractivos para el usuario. Estos IVA pueden interactuar con los usuarios de manera natural.2. Entornos de RV/RA Inmersivos: RV en la planificación de la producción, el diseño de producto, la simulación de procesos, pruebas y verificación. El Operario Virtual muestra cómo la RV y los Co-bots pueden trabajar en un entorno seguro. En el Operario Aumentado la RA muestra información relevante al trabajador de una manera no intrusiva. 3. Gestión Interactiva de Modelos 3D: gestión online y visualización de modelos CAD multimedia, mediante conversión automática de modelos CAD a la Web. La tecnologÃa Web3D permite la visualización e interacción de estos modelos en dispositivos móviles de baja potencia.Además, estas contribuciones han permitido analizar los desafÃos presentados por Industry 4.0. La tesis ha contribuido a proporcionar una prueba de concepto para algunos de esos desafÃos: en factores humanos, simulación, visualización e integración de modelos
Cyber-Human Systems, Space Technologies, and Threats
CYBER-HUMAN SYSTEMS, SPACE TECHNOLOGIES, AND THREATS is our eighth textbook in a series covering the world of UASs / CUAS/ UUVs / SPACE. Other textbooks in our series are Space Systems Emerging Technologies and Operations; Drone Delivery of CBNRECy – DEW Weapons: Emerging Threats of Mini-Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption (WMDD); Disruptive Technologies with applications in Airline, Marine, Defense Industries; Unmanned Vehicle Systems & Operations On Air, Sea, Land; Counter Unmanned Aircraft Systems Technologies and Operations; Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the Cyber Domain: Protecting USA’s Advanced Air Assets, 2nd edition; and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the Cyber Domain Protecting USA’s Advanced Air Assets, 1st edition. Our previous seven titles have received considerable global recognition in the field. (Nichols & Carter, 2022) (Nichols, et al., 2021) (Nichols R. K., et al., 2020) (Nichols R. , et al., 2020) (Nichols R. , et al., 2019) (Nichols R. K., 2018) (Nichols R. K., et al., 2022)https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/1052/thumbnail.jp
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