127 research outputs found
Multicast Group Membership Management in Media Independent Handover Services
Abstract Currently we are witnessing an explosion of devices able to connect to a variety of wired and wireless access network technologies. This connectivity is increasingly integrating networks composed by sensors, actuators and even utility devices that use private and public networks to relay important information and measurements. The deployment of the so-called Smart Grid technologies allied to the rise of Machine-to-Machine communications require new mechanisms to optimally manage the change of point of attachment to the network of these huge clouds of nodes, assisting in tackling the scale of the problem. With this problematic in mind, the IEEE 802.21 WG started on March 2012 a new project, named IEEE 802.21d, Group Management Services. This amendment establishes the required changes to the original specification, in order to manage the mobility of groups of nodes. This work follows closely the progress of the Task Group on the use cases, requirements and gap analysis, providing in addition a potential solution, integrating new group mechanisms, extensions to the MIH Protocol and associated security enhancements. This solution has been implemented and validated in a custom built testbed, with results showing that the utilisation of Group Control procedures through multicast signalling achieves a lower cost when compared with unicast signalling, in group handover and sensor information dissemination scenarios
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Multimedia delivery in the future internet
The term “Networked Media” implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio
and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks,
like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white
paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked
challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet.
Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted
with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning
media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace
of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more
than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so
regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected
to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising
to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged
that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new)
multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized
way, improving citizens’ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety.
In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe
network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as
community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of
interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and
innovative applications “on the move”, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/
media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content
combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P
networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to
contribute towards such a vision.
Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6)
and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily
contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way
ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms
Avaliação de desempenho e mobilidade em redes auto-organizadas
Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e TelemáticaAs redes móveis ad hoc (ou auto-organizadas) são um assunto que nos últimos
anos tem ganho muita atenção da comunidade cientĂfica. Os problemas associados
a este tipo de redes foram amplamente estudados e expostos, foram
propostas soluções, e algumas até foram tornadas um padrão da indústria.
No entanto, a grande maioria do trabalho realizado, Ă© dedicado a resolver sĂł
um problema de cada vez. Da mesma forma, as soluções que são testadas
por forma a verificar a sua validade, muitas das vezes, sĂŁo testadas recorrendo
a trabalho de simulação. Uma parte do trabalho que é apresentado
nesta dissertação de mestrado, junta uma série de protocolos desenvolvidos
para redes ad hoc, os quais providenciam funcionalidades como: auto configuração,
encaminhamento unicast e multicast, qualidade de serviço e taxação
com incentivos numa única solução integrada que interliga as redes ad hoc
a redes infra-estruturadas funcionando como uma extensĂŁo das mesmas. O
demonstrador criado Ă© avaliado de forma experimental, e os resultados obtidos
sĂŁo apresentados e discutidos. Uma vez que a rede ad hoc está interligada Ă
rede infra-estruturada, num ambiente de quarta geração, é também apresentada
uma arquitectura que suporta mobilidade de nĂłs entre redes ad hoc e as
redes infra-estuturadas que fazem parte do ambiente heterogéneo, e de este
para as redes ad hoc Ă© apresentada. A rede geral onde a rede ad hoc Ă© integrada
suporta novas tecnologias e tendĂŞncias em gestĂŁo de mobilidade, tais
como o protocolo em desenvolvimento IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover
e gestĂŁo de mobilidade baseada em DomĂnios de Mobilidade Local. A
forma como a rede ad hoc se integra com as tecnologias presentes na rede
infra-estruturada, e como as especificidades da rede ad hoc sĂŁo escondidas, Ă©
descrita e explicada.
ABSTRACT: Mobile Ad hoc network is a subject that has gained lots of attention from the
research community in recent years. The problems inherent to this types of networks
have been studied and exposed, solutions have been created and even
standardized. However, the vast majority of the work performed is dedicated to
only one problem at the time. In addition, the tests performed to validate the
produced solutions are, most of the times, obtained through simulation work.
The work presented in this thesis gathers together a set of ad hoc protocols,
providing functionalities such as auto-configuration, unicast and multicast routing,
quality of service and charging and rewarding in one integrated testbed,
serving as a stub network in a hotspot scenario. A experimental evaluation is
performed, and results are presented and discussed. Additionally, since the
network belongs to a hotspot of fourth generation, a architecture that supports
mobility of nodes between the ad hoc network and infrastructure networks is
presented. The general network that includes ad hoc network integrates and
supports the new technologies and tendencies in mobility management, such
as the IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover and mobility management
based on Local Mobility Domains. The way the MANET fully integrates with the
infrastructure network, and how the ad hoc networks specific characteristics
are hidden, is also presented and explained
Middleware de comunicações para a internet móvel futura
Doutoramento em Informática (MAP-I)A evolução constante em novas tecnologias que providenciam suporte à forma como os nossos dispositivos se ligam, bem como a forma como utilizamos diferentes capacidades e serviços on-line, criou um conjunto sem precedentes de novos desafios que motivam o desenvolvimento de uma recente área de investigação, denominada de Internet Futura. Nesta nova área de investigação, novos aspectos arquiteturais estão ser desenvolvidos, os quais, através da re-estruturação de componentes nucleares subjacentesa que compõem a Internet, progride-a de uma forma capaz de não são fazer face a estes novos desafios, mas também de a preparar para os desafios de amanhã. Aspectos chave pertencendo a este conjunto de desafios são os ambientes de rede heterogéneos compostos por diferentes tipos de redes de acesso, a cada vez maior mudança do tráfego peer-to-peer (P2P) como o tipo de tráfego mais utilizado na Internet, a orquestração de cenários da Internet das Coisas (IoT) que exploram mecanismos de interação Maquinaa-Maquina (M2M), e a utilização de mechanismos centrados na informação
(ICN). Esta tese apresenta uma nova arquitetura capaz de simultaneamente
fazer face a estes desafios, evoluindo os procedimentos de conectividade e
entidades envolvidas, através da adição de uma camada de middleware, que
age como um mecanismo de gestão de controlo avançado. Este mecanismo
de gestĂŁo de controlo aproxima as entidades de alto nĂvel (tais como
serviços, aplicações, entidades de gestĂŁo de mobilidade, operações de encaminhamento, etc.) com as componentes das camadas de baixo nĂvel
(por exemplo, camadas de ligação, sensores e atuadores), permitindo uma
otimização conjunta dos procedimentos de ligação subjacentes. Os resultados
obtidos nĂŁo sĂł sublinham a flexibilidade dos mecanismos que compoem
a arquitetura, mas também a sua capacidade de providenciar aumentos de
performance quando comparados com outras soluÇÕes de funcionamento
especÍfico, enquanto permite um maior leque de cenáios e aplicações.The constant evolution in new technologies that support the way our devices
are able to connect, as well the way we use available on-line services and capabilities, has created a set of unprecedented new challenges that motivated
the development of a recent research trend known as the Future Internet.
In this research trend, new architectural aspects are being developed which,
through the restructure of underlying core aspects composing the Internet,
reshapes it in a way capable of not only facing these new challenges,
but also preparing it to tackle tomorrow’s new set of complex issues. Key
aspects belonging to this set of challenges are heterogeneous networking
environments composed by di↵erent kinds of wireless access networks, the
evergrowing change from peer-to-peer (P2P) to video as the most used kind
of traffic in the Internet, the orchestration of Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios exploiting Machine-to-Machine (M2M) interactions, and the usage of
Information-Centric Networking (ICN). This thesis presents a novel framework
able to simultaneous tackle these challenges, empowering connectivity
procedures and entities with a middleware acting as an advanced control
management mechanism. This control management mechanism brings together
both high-level entities (such as application services, mobility management
entities, routing operations, etc.) with the lower layer components
(e.g., link layers, sensor devices, actuators), allowing for a joint optimization of the underlying connectivity and operational procedures. Results highlight not only the flexibility of the mechanisms composing the framework, but also their ability in providing performance increases when compared with other specific purpose solutions, while allowing a wider range of scenarios and deployment possibilities
Supporting mobility in an IMS-based P2P IPTV service: A proactive context transfer mechanism
In recent years, IPTV has received an increasing amount of interest from the industry, commercial providers and the research community, alike. In this context, standardization bodies, such as ETSI and ITU-T, are specifying the architecture of IPTV systems based on IP multicast. An interesting alternative to support the IPTV service delivery relies on the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) paradigm to distribute and push the streaming effort towards the network edge. However, while P2P IPTV was studied in fixed access technologies, there has been little attention paid to the implications arising in mobile environments. One of these involves the service handover when the user moves to a different network. By analyzing previous work from the perspective of an IPTV service, we concluded that a proactive approach is necessary for the handling of inter-network handovers. In this paper, we propose a new general handover mechanism for the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), while studying its applicability to a P2P IPTV service. Our solution, called proactive context transfer service, incorporates the existing IEEE 802.21 technology in order to minimize the handover delay. The proposal is validated by comparing it against solutions derived from previous work.This article has been partially granted by the Spanish MEC
through the CONPARTE project (TEC2007–67966-C03–03/TCM)
and by the Madrid Community through the MEDIANET project
(S-2009/TIC-1468).Publicad
Distribuição de vĂdeo para grupos de utilizadores em redes mĂłveis heterogĂ©neas19
The evolutions veri ed in mobile devices capabilities (storage capacity, screen
resolution, processor, etc.) over the last years led to a signi cant change
in mobile user behavior, with the consumption and creation of multimedia
content becoming more common, in particular video tra c. Consequently,
mobile operator networks, despite being the target of architectural evolutions
and improvements over several parameters (such as capacity, transmission
and reception performance, amongst others), also increasingly become more
frequently challenged by performance aspects associated to the nature of
video tra c, whether by the demanding requirements associated to that
service, or by its volume increase in such networks.
This Thesis proposes modi cations to the mobile architecture towards a more
e cient video broadcasting, de ning and developing mechanisms applicable
to the network, or to the mobile terminal. Particularly, heterogeneous
networks multicast IP mobility supported scenarios are focused, emphasizing
their application over di erent access technologies. The suggested changes
are applicable to mobile or static user scenarios, whether it performs the role
of receiver or source of the video tra c. Similarly, the de ned mechanisms
propose solutions targeting operators with di erent video broadcasting goals,
or whose networks have di erent characteristics. The pursued methodology
combined an experimental evaluation executed over physical testbeds,
with the mathematical evaluation using network simulation, allowing the
veri cation of its impact on the optimization of video reception in mobile
terminalsA evolução veri cada nas caracterĂsticas dos dispositivos moveis (capacidade
de armazenamento, resolução do ecrã, processador, etc.) durante os
últimos anos levou a uma alteração signi cativa nos comportamentos dos
utilizadores, sendo agora comum o consumo e produção de conteúdos
multimĂ©dia envolvendo terminais mĂłveis, em particular o tráfego vĂdeo.
Consequentemente, as redes de operador móvel, embora tendo também sido
alvo constante de evoluções arquitecturais e melhorias em vários parâmetros
(tais como capacidade, ritmo de transmissão/recepção, entre outros), vêemse
cada vez mais frequentemente desa adas por aspectos de desempenho
associados Ă natureza do tráfego de vĂdeo, seja pela exigĂŞncia de requisitos
associados a esse serviço, quer pelo aumento do volume do mesmo nesse
tipo de redes.
Esta Tese propĂ´e alterações Ă arquitetura mĂłvel para a disseminação de vĂdeo
mais e ciente, de nindo e desenvolvendo mecanismos aplicáveis à rede, ou
ao utilizador móvel. Em particular, são focados cenários suportados por IP
multicast em redes móveis heterogéneas, isto é, com ênfase na aplicação
destes mecanismos sobre diferentes tecnologias de acesso. As alterações
sugeridas aplicam-se a cenários de utilizador estático ou móvel, sendo este a
fonte ou receptor do tráfego vĂdeo. Da mesma forma, sĂŁo propostas soluções
tendo em vista operadores com diferentes objectivos de disseminação de
vĂdeo, ou cujas redes tĂŞm diferentes caracterĂsticas. A metodologia utilizada
combinou a avaliação experimental em testbeds fĂsicas com a avaliação
matemática em simulações de redes, e permitiu veri car o impacto sobre
a optimização da recepção de vĂdeo em terminais mĂłveisPrograma Doutoral em Telecomunicaçõe
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Integration of unidirectional technologies into wireless back-haul architecture
This thesis was submitted for the degree of Docter of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Back-haul infrastructures of today's wireless operators must support the triple-play services demanded by the market or regulatory bodies. To cope with increasing capacity demand, the EU FP7 project CARMEN has developed a cost-effective heterogeneous
multi-radio wireless back-haul architecture, which may also leverage the native multicast
capabilities of broadcast technologies such as DVB-T to off-load high-bandwidth broadcast
content delivery. However, the integration of such unidirectional technologies into a packet-switched architecture requires careful considerations. The contribution of this thesis is the investigation, design and evaluation of protocols and mechanisms facilitating the integration of such unidirectional technologies into the wireless
back-haul architecture so that they can be configured and utilized by the spectrum and
capacity optimization modules. This integration mainly concerns the control plane and, in particular, the aspects related to resource and capability descriptions, neighborhood, link and Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label-Switched Path (LSP) monitoring, unicast and multicast LSP signalling as well as topology forming and maintenance. During the course of this study we have analyzed the problem space, proposed solutions to the resulting research questions and evaluated our approach. Our results show that the now Unidirectional Technology (UDT)-aware architecture can readily consider
Unidirectional Technologies (UDTs) to distribute, for example, broadcast content
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Multi-Service Group Key Establishment for Secure Wireless Mobile Multicast Networks
yesRecently there is high demand in distributing multimedia services over the internet to ubiquitous and computational intelligent mobile subscribers by the service providers (SPs). In this instance, provision of those services must be restricted to authorized subscribers via integration of authentication and group key management (GKM). GKM with diverse group services subscribed dynamically by moving subscribers in wireless networks has been omitted in conventional approaches. However it is expected that significant key management overhead will arise in them due to multi-services co-existing in the same network. In this paper, we propose a scalable decentralized multi-service GKM scheme considering host mobility in wireless environment. In the scheme, authentication of mobile subscribers and key management phases are delegated from the trusted domain key distributor (DKD) to the subgroup controllers known as area key distributors (AKD). The trusted intermediate AKDs can then establish and distribute the service group keys to valid subscribers in a distributed manner using identity-based encryption without involving the domain key distributor (DKD). This alleviates unnecessary delays and possible bottlenecks at the DKD. We show by simulation that the proposed scheme has some unique scalability properties over known schemes in terms of optimized rekeying communication and storage overheads. The security performance studies have shown resilience to various attacks
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