Which outcome expectancies are important in determining young adults intentions to use condoms with casual sexual partners?: A cross-sectional study

Background: The prevalence of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection amongst young adults represents an important public health problem in the UK. Individuals attitude towards the use of condoms has been identified as an important determinant of behavioural intentions and action. The Theory of Planned Behaviour has been widely used to explain and predict health behaviour. This posits that the degree to which an individual positively or negatively values a behaviour (termed direct attitude) is based upon consideration of the likelihood of a number of outcomes occurring (outcome expectancy) weighted by the perceived desirability of those outcomes (outcome evaluation). Outcome expectancy and outcome evaluation when multiplied form indirect attitude. The study aimed to assess whether positive outcome expectancies of unprotected sex were more important for young adults with lower safe sex intentions, than those with safer sex intentions, and to isolate optimal outcomes for targeting through health promotion campaigns. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Data was collected from 1051 school and university students aged 16-24 years. Measures of intention, direct attitude and indirect attitude were taken. Participants were asked to select outcome expectancies which were most important in determining whether they would use condoms with casual sexual partners. Results: People with lower safe sex intentions were more likely than those with safer sex intentions to select all positive outcome expectancies for unprotected sex as salient, and less likely to select all negative outcome expectancies as salient. Outcome expectancies for which the greatest proportion of participants in the less safe sex group held an unfavourable position were: showing that I am a caring person, making sexual experiences less enjoyable, and protecting against pregnancy. Conclusions: The findings point to ways in which the attitudes of those with less safe sex intentions could be altered in order to motivate positive behavioural change. They suggest that it would be advantageous to highlight the potential for condom use to demonstrate a caring attitude, to challenge the potential for protected sex to reduce sexual pleasure, and to target young adults risk appraisals for pregnancy as a consequence of unprotected sex with casual sexual partners

Mediating Role of Attitude, Subjective Norm And Perceived Behavioural Control In The Relationships Between Their Respective Salient Beliefs And Behavioural Intention To Adopt E-Learning Among Instructors In Jordanian Universities.

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that determine intention to adopt e-learning in Jordanian universities. Two models of e-learning that are observed among adopting institutions: E-learning as a supplement to traditional classroom mode, and total electronic learning. The respondents in this research have just been introduced to the first model. The paper takes a social, and technical approach in its investigation by using a research model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to identify the factors that affect intention to adopt e-learning. The model identifies specific salient beliefs that may influence technology usage, such as instructors attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, perceived usefulness, ease of use, Normative beliefs, Internet Self-efficacy, Perceived Accessibility and university support. stratified random sampling method was used to select instructors. Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis was used to assess the relationships in the constructs. The paper presents some findings on e-learning adoption intention determinants. It also discusses some of the implications of the findings on theory and practice. Keywords: Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, Behavioural intentions, e-learning, TPB

UNDERSTANDING MOTIVATORS AND CHALLENGES IN ACCESSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT

We analyzed secondary data from nine studies including a total of 1962 respondents on what motivates web practitioners such as user experience developers, web designers, and web masters’ intention to promote accessibility, and what challenges they encounter during accessibility development. In this ex-ploratory study, we adopt the viewpoint of motivation and challenges and aim to study them from in-trinsic and extrinsic viewpoints. We then interpreted intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and intrinsic and extrinsic challenges that should be addressed in the management of accessibility work so that the main accessibility milestones become implemented in the design of information technology artifacts. We re-trieved recommendations for top management and superiors to gain and support practitioners’ motiva-tion and to address challenges in accessibility development to avoid ethical conflict in accessibility development. These findings strengthen an understanding of possible ethical conflicts in accessibility development and help to act responsibly in the accessibility development of information systems

Understanding motivators and challenges in accessibility development

We analyzed secondary data from nine studies including a total of 1962 respondents on what motivates web practitioners such as user experience developers, web designers, and web masters’ intention to promote accessibility, and what challenges they encounter during accessibility development. In this exploratory study, we adopt the viewpoint of motivation and challenges and aim to study them from intrinsic and extrinsic viewpoints. We then interpreted intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and intrinsic and extrinsic challenges that should be addressed in the management of accessibility work so that the main accessibility milestones become implemented in the design of information technology artifacts. We retrieved recommendations for top management and superiors to gain and support practitioners’ motivation and to address challenges in accessibility development to avoid ethical conflict in accessibility development. These findings strengthen an understanding of possible ethical conflicts in accessibility development and help to act responsibly in the accessibility development of information systems.© 2023 Association for Information Systems.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Integrating Information Systems and Healthcare Research to Understand Physicians’ use of Health Information Systems: a Literature Review

Healthcare has been of great importance to societies for centuries and this importance is reflected in the abundance of healthcare research that involves, not only new interventions, but clinicians’ response to change in the medical practice as well. Information systems (IS) research failed to take full advantage of healthcare research focusing on studying IS as an intervention or change in clinical workflows. To fill this gap, we conducted an extensive literature survey in both IS and healthcare research which included 175 papers from healthcare, IS journals and conferences that study physicians’ use of HIS and clinical guidelines. Results of this review show that there are two different streams of HIS research in IS and healthcare domains and by integrating those streams we can create a rich understanding of HIS use. We build a model for HIS use based on our review and provide areas for future research

Success Factors Driving E-Mba Acceptance

E-learning describes the use of information communications technology (ICT) for learning beyond the boundaries of the conventional classroom. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine what are the factors that are significant in explaining intention towards e-learning, particularly e-MBA adoption in Malaysia

Comparison of four methods for assessing the importance of attitudinal beliefs: An international Delphi study in intensive care settings

Objectives: Behaviour change interventions often target ‘important’ beliefs. The literature proposes four methods for assessing importance of attitudinal beliefs: elicitation frequency, importance ratings, and strength of prediction (bivariate and multivariate). We tested congruence between these methods in a Delphi study about selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD). SDD improves infection rates among critically ill patients, yet uptake in intensive care units is low internationally. Methods: A Delphi study involved three iterations (‘rounds’). Participants were 105 intensive care clinicians in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia/New Zealand. In Round 1, semi‐structured interviews were conducted to elicit beliefs about delivering SDD. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants completed questionnaires, rating agreement and importance for each belief‐statement (9‐point Likert scales). Belief importance was assessed using elicitation frequency, mean importance ratings, and prediction of global attitude (Pearson's correlations; beta‐weights). Correlations between indices were computed. Results: Participants generated 14 attitudinal beliefs. Indices had adequate variation (frequencies: 4–94, mean importance ratings: 4.93–8.00, Pearson's correlations: ±0.09 to ±0.54, beta‐weights: ±0.01 to ±0.30). SDD increases antibiotic resistance was the most important belief according to three methods and was ranked second by beta‐weights (behind Overall, SDD benefits patients to whom it is delivered). Spearman's correlations were significant for importance ratings with frequencies and correlations. However, other indices were unrelated. The top four beliefs differed according to the measure used. Conclusions: Results provided evidence of congruence across three methods for assessing belief importance. Beta‐weights were unrelated to other indices, suggesting that they may not be appropriate as the sole method

An Integrated Perspective on Factors Influencing Online Health-Information Seeking Behaviours

Today medical practice has turned to the development of online health systems and models aimed at helping people to become more independent in managing their well-being and care. Health-information seeking is a key aspect of these new models of engagement, yet studies show there is a decline in health-seeking behaviour (HISB). Focusing on online channels, this research-in-progress paper brings together theoretical insights from the Health Belief Model, the Theory of Reasoned Action and prior work on information channel characteristics to identify key drivers of online health-information seeking. The paper reports the preliminary results of model assessment using data collected from 94 respondents. The results contribute to current understanding of what motivates online HISB and the relative importance of these factors in motivating seeking behaviour