System Theoretic Safety Analysis of the Sewol-Ho Ferry Accident in South Korea

This paper is to show the application of CAST, Causal Analysis based on STAMP (Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Processes) accident analysis tool to investigate the Sewol‐Ho Ferry Accident at the entire maritime transportation sociotechnological system level and to provide the system level safety improvements to the system safety control structure; to show that CAST is an accident analysis tool to effectively and holistically analyze the entire maritime transportation sociotechnological system level disaster; and to show that CAST can provide preventive solutions in a holistic view of top‐down system safety engineering

Policies Conducted to Support Maritime Safety and Security in Sea Transportation Systems

Transportation in the era of globalization vital. Public transportation generally includes trains and buses, but also airline services, ferry ports, and taxis. The existence of good public transportation greatly affects the economy of a region or region. The success of economic growth in a country cannot be separated from government interference in an effort to create public transportation that is comfortable, safe, clean, and well ordered. Sea transportation in Indonesia has not been optimally developed, but has significant potential. Therefore, safety and security are key factors that must be considered as a basis and benchmark for decision makers. The safety and security system of marine transportation in Indonesia is not yet running optimally, accidents still often occur both due to natural and human factors. The main cause of marine accidents is due to the ferries exceeding their loading capacities. Government policies in the maritime sector, both the fishing industry and the shipping industry have not been consistently implemented in accordance with the prevailing laws. Keywords: Policy, Safety, Security, Maritime, Sea Transportatio

Implementation of Act No. 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping to Support Passenger Safety

Indonesia is located between two oceans, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and two continents, the Asian Continent and the Australian Continent. Indonesia is also a maritime country, where and the oceans are wider than the land. Therefore with sea transportation a major consideration, it is only natural that the government pays attention to all matters relating to this sector, especially in terms of security and safety. This study considers the safety of maritime passenger transportation and the effectiveness of the existing regulations, namely Act No. 17 of 2008. This study is based on research into the case of PT. ASDP Ferry, Singkil Branch. The main conclusions that can be drawn from the writing of this research is that Act No. 17 of 2008 also includes the legal (as well as physical) protection for users of sea transportation services. The parties who are legally responsible, namely the harbormaster, captain, crew, company, NTSC, and also the Shipping Court in this case must continue to optimize their functions and continuously optimize their resources for shipping safety and security and also complement shipping support facilities. Keywords: Ship, Safety, Passenge

Proposals for further improvement of sea transportation of dangerous cargoes carried in freight containers in China

With the rapid development of foreign trade there has been a high rate of growth in the maritime transportation of dangerous cargoes. The transport by sea of dangerous cargoes incorporates, by nature, a higher risk than the shipment of non-hazardous cargoes. Safety is one of the most important aspects which must be seriously considered by the appointed specialised competent authorities. Therefore, the safe transport by sea of dangerous cargoes is regarded as one of the major objectives by the Maritime Safety Administration. This paper is a study of safe transport by sea of dangerous cargoes in freight containers. It briefly describes the present situation of sea transportation of dangerous cargoes in the People\u27s Republic of China and emphasises the particular role of China\u27s MSA in relation to the supervision and control of vessels carrying dangerous cargoes in freight containers. It analyses a number of weaknesses or problems that have arisen due to non-compliance with the requirements of international conventions and codes and national regulations concerning sea transportation of packaged dangerous cargoes. It also makes a comparison with the practices between developed countries and China with proposals on the further improvement of transport by sea of dangerous cargoes in freight containers in China. This study will help Chinese Maritime Safety Administration to further improve its practices in transport chain of packaged dangerous cargoes carried by vessels

Efficiency of the ISM Code in Finnish Shipping Companies

Due to increasing waterborne transportation in the Gulf of Finland, the risk of a hazardous accident increases and therefore manifold preventive actions are needed. As a main legislative authority in the maritime community, The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set down plenary laws and recommendations which are e.g., utilised in the safe operations in ships and pollution prevention. One of these compulsory requirements, the ISM Code, requires proactive attitude both from the top management and operational workers in the shipping companies. In this study, a crosssectional approach was taken to analyse whether the ISM Code has actively enhanced maritime safety in the Gulf of Finland. The analysis included; 1) performance of the ISM Code in Finnish shipping companies, 2) statistical measurements of maritime safety, 3) influence of corporate top management to the safety culture and 4) comparing safety management practices in shipping companies and port operations of Finnish maritime and port authorities. The main results found were that maritime safety culture has developed in the right direction after the launch of the ISM Code in the 1990´s. However, this study does not exclusively prove that the improvements are the consequence of the ISM Code. Accident prone ships can be recognized due to their behaviour and there is a lesson to learn from the safety culture of some high standard safety disciplines such as, air traffic. In addition, the reporting of accidents and nearmisses should be more widely used in shipping industry. In conclusion, there is still much to be improved in the maritime safety culture of the Finnish Shipping industry, e.g., a “no blame culture” needs to be adopted.Siirretty Doriast

ESABALT - Improvement of Situational Awareness in the Baltic with the Use of Crowdsourcing

This paper presents the key assumptions and preliminary research on an integrated system called ESABALT, for enhancing maritime safety, which incorporates the latest technological advances in positioning, e-Navigation, Earth observation systems and multi-channel cooperative communications. The most novel part of the ESABALT concept, however, is a focus on user-driven crowdsourcing techniques for information gathering and integration. The system will consist of a situational awareness solution for real-time maritime traffic monitoring via utilizing various positioning technologies; an observation system of the marine environment relevant to transportation and accidents including assessing the sea ice, oil spread, waves, wind etc.; and a methodology for context-aware maritime communication with cooperative, multi-channel capabilities. The paper presents the intelligent, novel, user-driven solution and associated services developed in ESABALT for enhancing the maritime safety in the whole Baltic area

Vessel Collision Avoidance System (VCAS) Based on AIS Data

In Indonesia, Maritime transportation delivers more than 71% of 96% to international trade in the world. It is a huge contribution to Indonesian economy. But, it is in contrary in the matter of safety. Based on National Transportation Safety Committee, there are 31 marine accidents, and around 25% of them is ship collisions which caused by human error. Accordingly, the research proposes a design of Vessel Collision Avoidance System (VCAS) based on AIS data as the input of vessel identification trajectory by using Fast Patrol Boat. As the result, this paper simulates Fast Patrol Boat maneuvering to prevent collision with another vessel

Perceptions Of Cadets On Visual Cues And Astronomical Learning In Maritime Safety And Navigation

This research explores the perceptions of 40 cadets at the Transportation Institute in Jakarta regarding the application of visual cues and astronomical learning in maritime safety and navigation. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews and observational techniques, the study examines cadets' proficiency in celestial navigation, their engagement with social media and citizen science initiatives related to astronomical learning, and their awareness of cultural differences in navigation practices. The findings reveal that cadets demonstrate a high level of proficiency in celestial navigation, indicating the effectiveness of the educational practices at the Transportation Institute. However, there is room for improvement in terms of leveraging social media for educational purposes and developing cross-cultural sensitivity among cadets. The research highlights the importance of integrating practical training, fostering cross-cultural competence, and promoting a culture of lifelong learning among cadets to ensure their preparedness for the modern maritime industry. The insights gained from this research can inform educational practices and professional development initiatives in the maritime sector

Role of private maritime security companies (PMSCs) in sensitive shipping management

The role of Private Maritime Security Companies (PMSCs) peaked at the height of piracy threats mid 2008. Since then there has been much development of soft guidance from ISO code, BMP4 practice and further discussions of how best to ensure safety in shipping particularly in relation to the high seas. PMSCs work along side important stakeholders in the shipping industry, including the Captain, seafarers, insurers, shipowners, charterers amongst others; what if shipments include sensitive materials? What guidance is there for PMSCs to ensure further safety measures or do the current soft guides provide sufficient guidance. This topic is in line with the discussions in terms of maritime energy management of transportation of sensitive materials particularly security concerns at the high seas