24 research outputs found

    Mobile Apps: Motivational Influencers

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    Todayโ€™s mobile device users demand mobile apps in order to maintain online social ties, to remain up-to-date with weather and new events, to be entertained, and to be productive in their professional and personal lives, no matter where they are. This emergent research study examines the perceptions of individuals regarding the motivational power of mobile apps post-adoption. A survey of college-age individuals is being performed beginning the spring of 2017, and among the findings expected is a positive confirmation that mobile apps are motivational influencers toward education, entertainment, communication, social, and other purposes

    The Relationship between Content Used, Time Spent and Cyberbullying on Social Media with Social Skills

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    Based on the past research, there are still limited studies in proving content used on social media, time spent on social media, cyberbullying contributes to the social skills which is deemed unimportant and irrelevant in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is intended to show the variables do have relationship to one another, determining each of the objective in this research is proven to be right. This study applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour as the main theory to fortify and take the relationships at a greater distance between each variable. Quantitative methods were applied in this study and data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to 181 respondents who were students at Kolej Universiti Poly-Tech MARA pursuing Diploma in Corporate Communication. In addition, the findings showed a significant relationship between content used on social media, time spent on social media, cyberbullying to behaviour and reaction of an individual. Established evidence between variables that are, content used on social media, time spent on social media and cyberbullying is affecting behaviour and reaction of an individual. Hence, this study assisted to the field of communication through the establishment of a more comprehensive variables related to behaviour and reaction of an individual and supported to Planned Behavior Theory

    Design Address on Phubbing During Dining

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    Phubbing is the practice of ignoring one\u27s companion or companions to pay attention to one\u27s phone or other mobile device. What happens when phubbing occurs in situations such as eating with friends? Phubbing instantly stops the interaction, and this unconsciousness behavior may affect the mood of oneโ€™s companions, destroy the taste of oneโ€™s food, or ruin oneโ€™s relationships. Using a phone while eating is not a bad practice. People often use their phones to record the moment, to capture the delicious food, or to share information with others. The best way to deal with hurt caused by phubbing during dining is not to prohibit the use of smart devices, but instead to provide an appropriate manner to use them. In this thesis, I\u27ve designed a dining table decoration that features phone storage. This design not only provides a safe location to keep phones clean, but also gathers phones into one location so that if a user receives a mobile notification, the decoration will attract his or her attention to it. In this way, no one is the first to stop group interaction. By gathering everyoneโ€™s phones at the center of the dining table, accessing oneโ€™s phone becomes a group action. By keeping the source of notifications ambiguous, phubbing becomes more fun, and generates fewer negative feelings about the use of mobile devices during meals

    Digital Detox โ€“ Mitigating Digital Overuse in Times of Remote Work and Social Isolation

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    Remote work arrangements and limited recreational options in times of social isolation increase the risk of digital overuse for individuals. Its consequences can range from impaired mental health to issues of technology addiction. A conformant countermovement has popularised โ€œdigital detoxingโ€, a practice that endorses to deliberately limit technology use to reduce digital involvement and physiological stress. In times of social isolation, however, digital networking may provide the principle access to social interactions. To provide empirical evidence about the sweet spot between mitigating digital overuse and perceived social connectedness, this paper proposes a mixed-methods design to scrutinise the impact of digital detox measures in a professional context. Possible results will help to better understand how digital overuse may effectively be mitigated by remote workers and what measures organisations can take to create a digital environment that supports employee satisfaction and mental health

    Smartphones Adoption and Usage of 50+ Adults in the United Kingdom

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    This is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Routledge in Jyoti Choudrie, Sherah Kurnia, and Panayiota Tsatsou, eds., Social Inclusion and Usability of ICT-enabled Services, on October 2017, available online at: https://www.routledge.com/Social-Inclusion-and-Usability-of-ICT-enabled-Services/Choudrie-Kurnia-Tsatsou/p/book/9781138935556. Under embargo until 30 April 2019.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

    The evolution of energy requirements of smartphones based on user behaviour and implications of the COVID-19 era

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    Smartphones have evolved to become frequent companions to humans. The common problem shared by Android users of smartphones was, and continues to be, about saving their batteries and preventing the need to use any recharging tools. A significant number of studies have been performed in the general field of "saving energy in smartphones". During a state of global lockdown, the use of smartphone devices has skyrocketed, and many governments have implemented location-tracking applications for their citizens as means of ensuring that the imposed governmental restrictions are being adhered to. Since smartphones are battery-powered, the opportunity to conserve electricity and ensure that the handset does not have to be charged so much or that it does not die and impede location-tracking during this period of crisis is of vital significance, impacting not only the reliability of tracking, but also the usability of the mobile itself. While there are methods to reduce the batteryโ€™s drain from mobile app use, they are not fully utilized by users. Simultaneously, the following the manuscript demonstrates the growing prevalence of mobile applications in daily lives, as well as the disproportionally increasing phone functionality, which results in the creation of a dependency towards smartphone use and the need of energy to recharge and operate theses smartphones

    Friendship and courtship in the era of smartphone: experience from youths in higher learning institutions in Dodoma Municipality Tanzania

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    Purpose: As technological advancement in terms of digital communication is increased, the use of smartphones among individuals as a source of information and community practices also increased. The study examined the role of the smartphone in building friendships and courtships among youth in public academic institutions in Dodoma Municipality.Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The study used mixed methods including surveys and interviews to understand the way youths utilise smartphones in building friendships and courtship. Descriptive and content data analysis were used to analyse the data.Findings: The findings revealed that smartphone has significantly enabled youth to access valuable information about their intimate friends and courting partners. It also revealed that functions provided by smartphone enabled youth to keep their partners closer by utilising social media networks.Research Limitation: The study focused only on youths in Higher Learning Institutions in Dodoma City, Tanzania thus limiting generalisations.Practical implications: The study recommends the need for a policy that protects personal information shared through a smartphone for the wellbeing of youths and societyโ€™s digital practices.Social implications: The personal data protection policy will help to protect the privacy rights of youths and all members of the community in general, against any possible abuse which has gained unprecedented attention, especially in the current information age.Originality/ Value: The study will contribute to improving policy decisions to protect the current digital generation against the violation of personal data shared via digital communication

    Nomophobia in teenagers: digital lifestyle, social networking and smartphone abuse

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    Smartphone use influences teenagersโ€™ behaviors and lifestyles, not always in a positive way. Abuse and dependence on the use of this device is what has led to the study of nomophobia. The objective of this research is to measure the level of nomophobia in adolescents, and to study their digital consumption habits. The study seeks to analyze the relationships between risk of nomophobia, digital behavior, age and smartphone use. A structured questionnaire has been applied to a sample of 850 students aged 12 to 16. The data has been analyzed with SPSS and SPAD. Multivariate statistical characterization, one of the most recent data mining techniques, has been used to study differences in teenagersโ€™ behaviors according to their risk of nomophobia, and to find related explanatory variables. Teenagersโ€™ nomophobia risk ranges from mild to moderate, showing a relation with age, academic performance and intensity of use of mobile social networking apps. The risk of nomophobia responds to differences in studentsโ€™ digital, social, relational and educational behaviors, and exhibits differences according to academic performance, age, gender, motivation and self-perception

    Adaptation and validation of estonian fear of missing out (FoMO) scale

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    Magistritรถรถ eesmรคrk on uurida ilmajรครคmishirmu (FoMO) eestikeelse kรผsimustiku psรผhhomeetrilisi omadusi, valiidsust ja reliaablust, ning kohandada kรผsimustik eesti keelde. FoMO peegeldab vajadust olla pidevalt kursis sellega, mida teised teevad. See on hirm, et teised kogevad meelepรคraseid elamusi, millest inimene tunneb ennast ilmajรครคnuna. FoMO on varasema kirjanduse pรตhjal seotud problemaatilise nutitelefonide ja sotsiaalmeedia kasutamise ning psรผรผhikahรคiretega (nt depressioon ja รคrevus). Kรคesolevas uurimuses osales 426 inimest, kes tรคitsid kรผsimustikekomplekti, millega hinnati FoMO faktorstruktuuri, sisemist kooskรตla, ennustavat ja konkureerivat valiidsust ning gruppidevahelisi erinevusi FoMO skooris. Tulemused nรคitasid, et eestikeelne FoMO omab vastuvรตetavat sisemist kooskรตla ning รผhefaktorilist struktuuri. FoMO on positiivselt seotud problemaatilise nutitelefonikasutusega ning depressiooni, รผldise รคrevushรคire ja sotsiaalfoobia sรผmptomitega. Lisaks esines seos vanusega - noorematel inimestel esinevad kรตrgemad FoMO skoorid. Magistritรถรถ tulemusena saab jรคreldada, et eestikeelne FoMO on usaldusvรครคrne mรตรตdik, mida edasistes uurimustes kasutada

    ๋…ธ์ธ์—์„œ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์‡ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ์š”์ธ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ(๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™์ „๊ณต),2019. 8. ์กฐ์„ฑ์ผ.Introduction: With worldwide aging, there are many ongoing studies to further identify the risk factors and ways to prevent age-related conditions. The most actively studied areas include frailty in the elderly. Rapid development and increasing use of smartphones have come to play an important role in health industries. Despite the increasing importance of smartphone use for sustaining healthy life, no large study has reported the characteristics of elderly smartphone users. Our hypothesis is that the ownership of a smartphone is inversely associated with frailty because smartphone owners can benefit from various health applications to manage their health, and the use of smartphone itself can be a good cognitive exercise that can help prevent frailty. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the various sociodemographic and medical characteristics of the elderly smartphone users and non-users, and to identify the association between the use of smartphones and frailty. The obtained information may be helpful to screening frailty in small clinics. Methods: We used the baseline data of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study which is a nationwide cohort study conducted to identify and prevent the factors contributing to aging and frailty. The data of a total of 2935 participants were analyzed for various demographic, socioeconomic, cognitive, and functional characteristics as well as frailty. Frailty was defined using Fried frailty index. The characteristics of the participants were described in terms of smartphone ownership, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the use of smartphones and frailty. Results: Out of 2935 participants aged between 70 and 84, 1404 (47.8%) participants were using smartphones, and 1531 (52.2%) participants were using cellphones other than smartphones or did not own a cellphone. The mean age of all participants was 76.0 years old. The smartphone users were more likely to be male (53.3%), with higher educational and economic background compared to non-users. They were also more likely to be in a marital relationship and not living alone, but received less social support, and exhibited poorer daily functional abilities. However, they exhibited higher cognitive capabilities, and more importantly, less frail in all aspects of frailty criteria compared to smartphone non-users. The odds ratio of the association between smartphone ownership and frailty was 0.47, 95% confidence interval 039-055, after adjusting for various related factors. Conclusion: Ownership of a smartphone is a result of multifactorial circumstances and conditions as is frailty. Smartphone non-users in this study were more frail than smartphone users, and exhibited poorer cognitive abilities while maintaining better daily functional abilities and social interaction. Therefore, it is our conclusion that the ownership of a smartphone in older adults represents many background factors that are often linked to frailty in an inverse manner, and a simple question or identification of ones type of phone may be used in conjunction with other methods to screen frailty in older adults.๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  : ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์‡ ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์‡  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ด์ œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ถ์˜ ์˜์œ„์— ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ์ธ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์†Œ์œ ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ง€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์šด๋™์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์†Œ์œ ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ์‡ ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…ธ์ธ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๋ฐ ๋น„์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ๊ตฌํ•™์  ๋ฐ ์˜ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์‡ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ๋…ธ์‡ ๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• : ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๋…ธ์ธ๋…ธ์‡ ์ฝ”ํ˜ธํŠธ์‚ฌ์—…(KFACS)์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ 1์ฐจ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. KFACS๋Š” ๋…ธํ™” ๋ฐ ๋…ธ์‡ ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ฝ”ํ˜ธํŠธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŒ 70์„ธ์—์„œ 84์„ธ์˜ ์ด 2935๋ช… ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ๊ตฌํ•™์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ์ธ์ง€์  ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ์‡ ์™€์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์‡ ๋Š” Fried ๋…ธ์‡ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์†Œ์œ  ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์‡ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ : ์ด 2935๋ช…์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ์ค‘ 1404๋ช…(47.8%)์ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 1531๋ช…(52.2%)๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์—ฐ๋ น์€ 76.0์„ธ์˜€๋‹ค. ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ (53.3%), ๋น„์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๋…๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ์ธ์ง€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋…ธ์‡ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋น„์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์‡ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์˜ ๊ต์ฐจ๋น„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ 0.47์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์€ 0.39~0.55์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  : ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๋Š” ๋…ธ์‡ ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๋น„์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ƒ์  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ธ์ง€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋†’์€ ๋…ธ์‡ ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๊ณ ๋ น์ž์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์†Œ์œ ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋…ธ์‡ ์™€ ์—ญ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋–ค ํƒ€์ž…์˜ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋…ธ์‡  ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ ๋ณ„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋…ธ์‡ ๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Aging society and frailty 1 1.2. Adoption of smartphones 1 1.2.1. mHealth 1 1.2.2. Characteristics of elderly smartphone adopters 2 1.3. Frailty and smartphones 3 1.4. Objective 4 Chapter 2. Materials and Methods 6 2.1. Study Design and Population 6 2.2. Definition of Frailty 6 2.3. Other covariates of interest 7 2.4. Statistical Methods 9 Chapter 3. Results 10 3.1. General characteristics of the participants 10 3.2. Distribution of smartphone use and prevalence of frailty 15 3.3. Social, functional, and cognitive assessments 21 3.4. Association between smartphone use and frailty 26 Chapter 4. Discussion 32 4.1. Characteristics of elderly smartphone users and non-users 32 4.2. Digital frailty 36 4.3. Strengths and limitations 38 Chapter 5. Conclusion 41 References 42 Abstract in Korean 46Maste
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