Recuperação Inteligente de Informação Legal, através de princípios Semânticos e Inteligência Artificial

Qualquer domínio técnico, seja o domínio jurídico, fiscal, político, social, é caracterizado por um discurso altamente especializado usando uma terminologia própria. Para além disso, o conhecimento encontra-se ainda pouco estruturado e disperso por vários recursos textuais. Estas características apresentam um desafio á representação digital do conhecimento, de modo a assegurar a recuperação inteligente de informação, adequada ao contexto. Neste trabalho é proposto o desenvolvimento de um sistema de recuperação de informação tendo por base uma ontologia do domínio do direito fiscal desenvolvida numa dupla perspetiva, ou seja, capturando e representando a experiência dos especialistas do domínio, complementada com técnicas de processamento de linguagem natural.Any technical field, be it legal, fiscal, political or social, is characterised by a highly specialised discourse using its own terminology. In addition, knowledge is still poorly structured and scattered across various textual resources. These characteristics present a challenge to the digital representation of knowledge, in order to ensure the intelligent retrieval of information, appropriate to the context. This work proposes the development of an information retrieval system based on an ontology of the tax law domain developed from a dual perspective, i.e. capturing and representing the experience of domain experts, complemented with natural language processing techniques. In addition, based on the ontology, machine learning principles were applied to the prediction and semantic annotation of Named Entities to add meta-information to legal documents. It is important that this ontology supports the incorporation of other existing vocabularies in order to create an intelligent information retrieval system through faceted searches with the possibility of consulting similar or relevant content for a given context

Automated legal sensemaking: the centrality of relevance and intentionality

Introduction: In a perfect world, discovery would ideally be conducted by the senior litigator who is responsible for developing and fully understanding all nuances of their client’s legal strategy. Of course today we must deal with the explosion of electronically stored information (ESI) that never is less than tens-of-thousands of documents in small cases and now increasingly involves multi-million-document populations for internal corporate investigations and litigations. Therefore scalable processes and technologies are required as a substitute for the authority’s judgment. The approaches taken have typically either substituted large teams of surrogate human reviewers using vastly simplified issue coding reference materials or employed increasingly sophisticated computational resources with little focus on quality metrics to insure retrieval consistent with the legal goal. What is required is a system (people, process, and technology) that replicates and automates the senior litigator’s human judgment. In this paper we utilize 15 years of sensemaking research to establish the minimum acceptable basis for conducting a document review that meets the needs of a legal proceeding. There is no substitute for a rigorous characterization of the explicit and tacit goals of the senior litigator. Once a process has been established for capturing the authority’s relevance criteria, we argue that literal translation of requirements into technical specifications does not properly account for the activities or states-of-affairs of interest. Having only a data warehouse of written records, it is also necessary to discover the intentions of actors involved in textual communications. We present quantitative results for a process and technology approach that automates effective legal sensemaking

Digital Image Access & Retrieval

The 33th Annual Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, held at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in March of 1996, addressed the theme of "Digital Image Access & Retrieval." The papers from this conference cover a wide range of topics concerning digital imaging technology for visual resource collections. Papers covered three general areas: (1) systems, planning, and implementation; (2) automatic and semi-automatic indexing; and (3) preservation with the bulk of the conference focusing on indexing and retrieval.published or submitted for publicatio

CHORUS Deliverable 2.2: Second report - identification of multi-disciplinary key issues for gap analysis toward EU multimedia search engines roadmap

After addressing the state-of-the-art during the first year of Chorus and establishing the existing landscape in multimedia search engines, we have identified and analyzed gaps within European research effort during our second year. In this period we focused on three directions, notably technological issues, user-centred issues and use-cases and socio- economic and legal aspects. These were assessed by two central studies: firstly, a concerted vision of functional breakdown of generic multimedia search engine, and secondly, a representative use-cases descriptions with the related discussion on requirement for technological challenges. Both studies have been carried out in cooperation and consultation with the community at large through EC concertation meetings (multimedia search engines cluster), several meetings with our Think-Tank, presentations in international conferences, and surveys addressed to EU projects coordinators as well as National initiatives coordinators. Based on the obtained feedback we identified two types of gaps, namely core technological gaps that involve research challenges, and “enablers”, which are not necessarily technical research challenges, but have impact on innovation progress. New socio-economic trends are presented as well as emerging legal challenges

E-discovery viewed as integrated human-computer sensemaking: the challenge of 'Frames'

In addressing the question of the design on technologies for e-discovery it is essential to recognise that such work takes place through a system in which both people and technology interact as a complex whole. Technology can promote discovery and insight and support human sensemaking, but the question hangs on the extent to which it naturally extends the way that legal practitioners think and work. We describe research at UCL which uses this as a starting point for empirical studies to inform the design of supporting technologies. We report aspects of an interview field study with lawyers who worked on a large regulatory investigation. Using data from this study we describe document review and analysis in terms of a sequence of transitions between different kinds of representation. We then focus on one particular transition: the creation of chronology records from documents. We develop the idea that investigators make sense of evidence by the application of conceptual ‘frames’ (Klein et al’s, 2006), but whilst the investigator ‘sees’ the situation in terms of these frames, the system ‘sees’ the situation in terms of documents, textual tokens and metadata. We conclude that design leverage can be obtained through the development of technologies that aggregate content around investigators’ frames. We outline further research to explore this further

A document management methodology based on similarity contents

The advent of the WWW and distributed information systems have made it possible to share documents between different users and organisations. However, this has created many problems related to the security, accessibility, right and most importantly the consistency of documents. It is important that the people involved in the documents management process have access to the most up-to-date version of documents, retrieve the correct documents and should be able to update the documents repository in such a way that his or her document are known to others. In this paper we propose a method for organising, storing and retrieving documents based on similarity contents. The method uses techniques based on information retrieval, document indexation and term extraction and indexing. This methodology is developed for the E-Cognos project which aims at developing tools for the management and sharing of documents in the construction domain