The Problems Which Face Trainee Students in the Specialization of Special Education During Their Field Training

The study aimed at identifying the problems which face trainee students in the specialization of special education during field training. The descriptive survey apiroach was used through the instrument of collecting data and information (standardized interview). The sample of the study consisted of (120) male and femal trainees in the specialization of speciel education. Its results concluded (29) problems of the most prominent of which was the non – follows up of trainee students by supervisor with a percentage of (67%); the supervisor's delay in his / her supervision with a percentage of (66%); the non – awareness of supervisor of what is required during visits, with a percentage of (56%); supervision on trainee students by non – specialized teachers, with a percentage of (64%); the problem of non – habilitated co – operative teachers at training centres with a percentage of (64%); the existence of special education categories with their different degrees (simple, medium, strong) inside one classroom, with a percentage of (64%); classrooms not equipped in order to be appropriate for disabled categories, and do not take into account healthy and safety conditions, with a percentage of (65%). The researcher recommended the necessity for taking the problems, revealed by the study, into account by trainer in order to develop field training anent way. Keywords: Special education, field training Problems

Exploring Potential Benefits of Accumulated Multicomponent-Training in Non-Active Older Adults: From Physical Fitness to Mental Health

The present study aimed to analyze the impact of a multicomponent training (MCT) program in a group of non-active older adults, comparing two different dose distributions. Twentyfour individuals, assigned to two groups, completed 15 weeks of MCT (2 days/week). The continuous group (CMCT; n = 14, 9 females; 71.07 ± 5.09 years) trained for 60 min/session in the morning. The accumulated group (AMCT; n = 10, 5 females; 72.70 ± 3.59 years) performed the same exercises, volume, and intensity, but the training was distributed twice per day (30 min in the morning; 30 more in the afternoon). Bonferroni post hoc comparisons revealed significant (p < 0.001) and similar large improvements in both groups in lower limb strength (five times sit-to-stand test: CMCT, 12.55 ± 2.83 vs. 9.44 ± 1.72 s; AMCT, 10.37 ± 2.35 vs. 7.46 ± 1.75 s). In addition, there were large gains in preferred walking speed and instrumental daily life activities, which were higher for CMCT and AMCT, respectively (in this order: 1.00 ± 0.18 vs. 1.44 ± 0.26 m/s and 1.09 ± 0.80 vs. 1.58 ± 0.18 m/s; 33.07 ± 2.88 vs. 36.57 ± 1.65 points and 32.80 ± 1.93 vs. 36.80 ± 0.92 points); improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, now moderate for CMCT (474.14 ± 93.60 vs. 529.64 ± 82.76 m) and large for AMCT (515.10 ± 20.24 vs. 589.60 ± 40.38 m); and medium and similar enhancements in agility in both groups (TUG test: CMCT: 7.49 ± 1.11 vs. 6.77 ± 1.16 s; AMCT: 6.84 ± 1.01 vs. 6.18 ± 0.62 s). None of the protocols had an impact on the executive function, whereas health-related quality of life showed a trend to significance in the whole sample only (EQindex overall sample, p = 0.062; d = 0.48 CMCT; d = 0.34 AMCT). Regardless of the type of dose distribution, starting multicomponent training improves physical function in non-active older adults, but does not improve cognitive function at mid-term. Because both forms of MCT showed similar compliance, slightly positive differences in accumulated strategies may indicate some benefits related to breaking afternoon sedentary behaviors, which deserves further research in longer and larger interventions. The mixed nature of MCT suggests accumulative group interventions may be a promising approach to address sedentary agin

FliPpr: A Prettier Invertible Printing System

When implementing a programming language, we often write a parser and a pretty-printer. However, manually writing both programs is not only tedious but also error-prone; it may happen that a pretty-printed result is not correctly parsed. In this paper, we propose FliPpr, which is a program transformation system that uses program inversion to produce a CFG parser from a pretty-printer. This novel approach has the advantages of fine-grained control over pretty-printing, and easy reuse of existing efficient pretty-printer and parser implementations

Conceptions of learning identified by indigenous students entering a University preparation course

The increase in Indigenous participation in university courses in recent years has not been matched by an increase in graduation. In the mainstream university population, student success has been linked to approaches to learning, which are linked to conceptions of learning. This study investigates what conceptions of learning Indigenous students identify at the beginning of their university career. Thirty six students completed a \u27Reflections on Learning Inventory\u27 developed by Meyer (1995). Nine of these students were interviewed in depth about what they thought learning was and how they would go about it. The interview analysis for each of the nine students was compared with their individual inventory profile. It was anticipated that the use of such complementary methods would increase the validity of the findings, but this was not the case. The participants identified a range of conceptions comparable with those identified by mainstream students, but with a greater emphasis on understanding. However, the descriptions of how learning happens were undeveloped and not likely to result in the kind of learning described. The findings will be useful in making curricula decisions in an Indigenous university preparation course that encourage students to adopt successful strategies for learning. In addition, it will also be useful information for the participants themselves as they become reflective learners

Use of the Hester Davis Falls Risk Assessment Scale in Medical-Surgical Patients

AbstractIdentifying and containing patient falls before they happen, reporting fall occurrence, and analyzing fall causes could increase patient safety to achieve the triple aim of improved quality, reduced cost, and accessibility in healthcare. Patient falls within the medical-surgical population continue to present challenges to patients, families, hospitals, and society, despite the use of fall-related predictive analysis tools. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the extent to which the overall score on the Hester Davis Falls Risk Assessment Scale (HDS), comprised of patient-related factors such as medications, volume/electrolyte status, age, last known fall date, mobility, toileting needs, communication/sensory needs, mental status, and behavior variants, predicted the occurrence of patient falls in medical-surgical patients. The study was grounded on the health information technology safety measurement theoretical framework. A quantitative correlational cross-sectional methodology was applied in the study to analyze one year of patient fall data from a safety net hospital in Colorado. The HDS positively predicted (p \u3e .05) patient fallers in the medical-surgical patient population. Patient-related factors (patient medications, volume/electrolyte status, mobility, toileting needs, communication/sensory needs, mental status, and behavior variants) were found to increase the risk of falls. Positive social change could result from the findings of this study, in that findings could contribute to improved quality of patient care and enhanced decision making by healthcare leaders to reduce patient falls. Fall prevention is critical to reduce patient injuries and the cost of care

Are field-based assessments of lower-limb muscle function associated with muscle injuries during an amateur male football season?

Introduction: Despite growing interest in injury prevention in the professional realm, there is limited research at the amateur level. Injuries in amateur sport not only affect the athlete’s ability to participate but also bear a financial cost. In the amateur environment, there is often a lack of team medical staff to diagnose and record injuries, therefore limiting the ability to follow injury recording methods. Therefore, this study utilised an electronically delivered self-reporting injury survey to record all injuries. Often, players experience symptoms of injury whilst participating but the injury is not recorded until a more severe time-loss injury eventuates. A novelty of this study is that all injuries were recorded regardless of the effect on participation. Also, in this study, tests were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cheaper field-based physical performance measures to assess injury risk in amateur footballers, in the hope of providing a framework for injury risk assessment in the amateur environment which is more affordable that traditional laboratory-based tests. Injury risk factors assessed were lower-limb flexibility, power and strength which were measured using goniometry, counter-movement jump (CMJ) and an isometric posterior lower-limb strength test (ISO-post) tests, respectively. In addition, the utility of a portable strength test for hamstring function was assessed using a portable force platform, which can be performed in the field. This study also investigated the criterion validity of the ISO-post test compared to lab-based isometric and eccentric isokinetic strength measures. Surface EMG was used to measure muscle activity during each strength test in order to further investigate the relationship between lab-based and field-based strength tests. Methods: In study 1 (i), 21 amateur football(soccer) players were recruited from three local football clubs to investigate laboratory isometric (ISOdyno) and eccentric (ECCdyno) dynamometry strength measures relative to the field-based isometric posterior lower limb (ISO-post) test using a portable force platform. Force output (N and N.m) were measured directly for isometric and isokinetic tests. Simultaneously, surface electromyography (EMG) was used to record muscle activation in the lateral and medial hamstrings. In study 2 (ii), 38 amateur football (soccer) players from three local clubs with a sub-group of n=20 were recruited. Lower-limb flexibility, CMJ performance, and ISO-post strength were assessed during three testing phases (pre-season, mid-season and post-season). Lower limb injuries were documented weekly throughout the season using the selfreported OSTRC questionnaire employing the “any physical complaint” definition of injury recorded using, for three testing phases (pre-season, mid-season and post-season). Results: i) No statistically significant correlation was seen between the ISO-post with ISOdyno and ECCdyno strength tests. Significant correlations were observed between peak muscle activity of the medial and lateral hamstrings measured during the ISO-post and ECCdyno tests which identifies a substantial relationship between the two tests. However, significantly lower medial hamstring activation during the ISO-post compared to the ISOdyno highlights that medial hamstrings did not achieve maximal activation during the ISO-post test, unlike the lateral hamstring muscles. Despite this, the lateral hamstrings are the more commonly injured during running movement and consequently justifies the inclusion of the ISO-post for injury risk assessment. ii) Examining injuries using the self-reported OSTRC questionnaire whilst using the definition of injury “any physical complaint” increases the number of injuries reported, 351 total injury reports compared to 24 time-loss injuries and 212 injury reports compared to 15 time-loss injuries for 5 target muscle groups (calves, hamstrings, quadriceps, adductors and lower-back). Negative correlations were reported between quadriceps flexibility and hamstring injuries, hamstring flexibility and quadriceps injury, and groin injuries and adductor flexibility. Conflicting results were seen for lower-back injury risk, as flexibility for the calves, quadriceps and adductors were positively associated with lower-back injuries, whilst quadriceps and adductor were negatively associated with lower-back injuries. CMJ was negatively correlated to groin injury, ISO-post was negatively correlated with hamstring injuries. The %Δ of CMJ and ISO-post performance pre- to mid-season and pre- to post-season were also negatively correlated indicative of less/more reported injuries with improvements/decrements in performance. Conclusion: Future research may consider weekly testing to enable coaching staff to identify rapid changes in performance measures. Further research is needed to determine the test-retest reliability of amateur coaching staff performing flexibility, CMJ and/or ISO-post measures in the field. Finally, future research could consider the effects of rotation of the lower-limb during the ISO-post test to favour each medial and lateral hamstrings activation and the relationship these changes in position have with sensitivity to match-induced fatigue

1972-1973 General Bulletin

Bowling Green State University undergraduate catalog for 1972-1973.https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/catalogs/1039/thumbnail.jp

Employments effects of Vocational Rehabilitation in Germany:A Quantitative Analysis

In this thesis, unique administrative data, a relevant time of follow-up and advanced statistical measures to handle confounding have been utilized in order to provide new and informative evidence on the effects of vocational rehabilitation programs on work participation outcomes in Germany. While re-affirming the important role of micro-level determinants, the present study provides an extensive example of the individual and fiscal effects that are possible through meaningful vocational rehabilitation measures. The analysis showed that the principal objective, namely, to improve participation in employment, was generally achieved. Contrary to the common misconception that “off-the-job training” is relatively ineffective, this thesis has provided an empirical example of the positive impact of the programs

A Sustainability Assessment Review Of The Highland Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant (hctp) Biosolids Management Class Environmental Assessment (2016): Sustainable Assessment Leverage Points Analysis

This research paper examines sustainable methods used to assess potential and current waste management policies, plans, projects, and programs. The Highland Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Class B environmental assessment serves as a case study. This investigation is achieved by utilizing strategic EA methodology alongside Gibson's sustainability assessment protocol. The idea is to seek valuable knowledge that can be applied as a guide in order to integrate and align waste management processes in its entirety more closely to greater goals of sustainable development. Integration (social, economic and environmental factors), strategic management and environmental assessments serve as the bedrock for achieving sustainable waste management strategies and practices that are more adaptable to any contextual uniqueness. These three pillars are embodied within the methodology of strategic EA. Most current waste management practices and plans are designed in an attempt to enhance cohesion within these systems however, cohesion is usually limited to the recovery of nutrients, materials, and energy from waste streams which are hardware components. Hard component recovery is aimed at reducing landfill disposals of waste and improving recyclable content. Although this is necessary, issues arise when credit is awarded to increased waste diversion rates (evident in the report on data retrieved by statistic Canada on disposal and diversion of waste showing increases by provinces and territories between the years 2012-2014) while these may be masking overall rise in waste generation (this is in references to the “D” grade on municipal waste generation given to Canada by OECD report in- State of waste management in Canada : Giroux environmental Consulting 2014). In response many developed countries like Canada have made significant attempts to adopt mechanisms that address article 12 Kyoto Protocol on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (Shrestha & Timilsina 2002) by designing policies and plans such as Waste Action Plan and the very ambitious Zero Waste management hierarchy of 2014 amongst others (CD4CDM, Malawi). These are aimed at providing specific and targeted depth to 3Rs strategy (reduce, reuse and recycle) by placing emphasis on all participants involved in the waste production and management such as, policymakers, industry, and individuals (stakeholders). Solutions such as policies designed to enable the best and lowest use of materials by encouraging activities and investments that promote the preferred hierarchy of reduction as well as solutions intended to assist in developing a guide that will promote the development of systems and products designed to advance a zero waste policy are being implemented in Canada (Giroux environmental Consulting 2014). Although these are well intended and acknowledgment should be awarded for waste diversion gains, In order for there to be a corresponding and significant decrease in waste generation there needs to be improvements within the methodology delivering on plans, policies, programs, and practices. Improvements in the areas of connectedness, integration, strategic management, stakeholder involvement and environmental assessments are integral to sustainable waste management