Redesign of technical systems

The paper describes a systematic approach to support the redesign process. Redesign is the adaptation of a technical system in order to meet new specifications. The approach presented is based on techniques developed in model-based diagnosis research. The essence of the approach is to find the part of the system which causes the discrepancy between a formal specification of the system to be designed and the description of the existing technical system. Furthermore, new specifications are generated, describing the new behaviour for the `faulty¿ part. These specifications guide the actual design of this part. Both the specification and design description are based on YMIR, an ontology for structuring engineering design knowledge

Paper Session III-A - Artificial Expertise in Systems Engineering

As technology development and engineering problems have grown in complexity, technical systems have evolved to meet these challenges. This evolution has occurred within a foundation of traditional engineering analysis and work processes originating prior to current computer technology. These processes were designed to improvise and compensate for ambiguous design or analysis information. Systems engineering optimization of computer technology applications can eliminate or redesign engineering processes such that the unified system function focuses on innovation, flexibility, speed, and quality. Artificial Expertise for systems engineering refers to the application of artificial intelligence expert systems and shared data bases to promote the integration of cross-functional engineering groups through technical interchange and control mechanisms. This paper presents some conceptual applications and examples for implementing artificial expertise in system development

Impact of large-scale automation on healthcare staff

New technological advancements are often a driver for change in the redesign of services. More research is needed to better understand the impact of socio-technical dimensions on the implementation of new technological systems in hospital pharmacy. This paper aims to analyse the experiences arising from the large-scale automation of medicines distribution. The introduction of new technology may not only lead to unintended first-order consequences, but can also generate potentially serious adverse feedback loops between the social and technical dimensions. In addition, the longer-term impact of new technology may be quite different for different groups of healthcare staff

Unleashing the Effectiveness of Process-oriented Information Systems: Problem Analysis, Critical Success Factors, Implications

Process-oriented information systems (IS) aim at the computerized support of business processes. So far, contemporary IS have often fail to meet this goal. To better understand this drawback, to systematically identify its rationales, and to derive critical success factors for business process support, we conducted three empirical studies: an exploratory case study in the automotive domain, an online survey among 79 IT professionals, and another online survey among 70 business process management (BPM) experts. This paper summarizes the findings of these studies, puts them in relation with each other, and uses them to show that "process-orientation" is scarce and "process-awareness" is needed in IS engineering

Analysis and Redesign Proposal for the Integration Systems and Technical Panels of Operating Room

Treballs Finals de Grau d'Enginyeria Biomèdica. Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2022-2023. Tutor/Director: Trias Gumbau, GerardThe increasing number of surgical procedures emphasizes the importance of operating rooms in hospitals. They are currently experiencing a digital revolution, reflecting the future direction of this field. The correct configuration of all systems of operating rooms is essential for enhancing surgical efficiency and reducing costs. Technical panels, also known as control panels, play a vital role in configuring operating rooms. These panels have evolved from basic modular systems to more interactive and user-friendly devices. During this study, the technical control panels in operating rooms and the existing solutions in the market are evaluated. From a theoretical perspective, the systems that need to be integrated and how they are integrated through a central integration server are being studied. On the other hand, a semi-functional mockup of the graphical user interface has been created using the Figma tool. The project includes the new way of interacting with the users and the Functional Plan of the user interface. Additionally, a demonstration video has been included to assess the user experience

Innovation and research in organic farming: A multi‐level approach to facilitate cooperation among stakeholders

A wider range of stakeholders is expected to be involved in organic research. A decision‐support tool is needed to define priorities and to allocate tasks among institutions. Based on research and management experience in organic research, the authors have developed a framework for experimental and research projects. The framework is based on a multi‐level approach. Each level is defined according to the directness of the innovation impact on the organic systems. The projects carried out for each level were assessed over a ten-year period. Two applications are presented: analysis of crop protection strategies in horticulture and plant breeding programmes. When combined with four development models of organic farming, this multi‐level analysis appears to be promising for defining research agendas

On relating functional modeling approaches: abstracting functional models from behavioral models

This paper presents a survey of functional modeling approaches and describes a strategy to establish functional knowledge exchange between them. This survey is focused on a comparison of function meanings and representations. It is argued that functions represented as input-output flow transformations correspond to behaviors in the approaches that characterize functions as intended behaviors. Based on this result a strategy is presented to relate the different meanings of function between the approaches, establishing functional knowledge exchange between them. It is shown that this strategy is able to preserve more functional information than the functional knowledge exchange methodology of Kitamura, Mizoguchi, and co-workers. The strategy proposed here consists of two steps. In step one, operation-on-flow functions are translated into behaviors. In step two, intended behavior functions are derived from behaviors. The two-step strategy and its benefits are demonstrated by relating functional models of a power screwdriver between methodologies

Achieving a New Standard in Primary Care for Low-Income Populations -- Case Studies of Redesign and Change Through a Learning Collaborative

Describes four case studies that focus on improving patient care delivery systems through learning collaboratives that were undertaken by New York City's nonprofit Primary Care Development Corporation

Knitwear customisation as repeated redesign

Producing large numbers of garment variants will only be economically viable if it requires very little human effort. But garment customisation cannot always be fully automated. Applying grading rules maintain the same details but sometimes achieves a different overall effect; but the customer expects the same overall effect and is less concerned about details. Choosing between alternative customisations requires a human designer's trained perceptual judgement. Therefore a viable mass customisation support system must support the repeated redesign of a garment by combining automatic design with fast human editing. Evaluating and modifying the suggestions of others is a natural and efficient activity for designers. This paper describes two prototype automatic design systems exploring techniques that could be used for mass customisation of knitted garments – in which the shape and patterns are indivisibly linked. An early pattern placing system that automatically altered both shape and pattern parameters in a variety of alternative ways. A shape design system that generates technically correct and consistent garment shapes from a set of measurements and a verbal description; it works independently of sizes, recalculating the shape for each new set of measurements. Starting from the system's suggestions, designers can very quickly tweak the new design to fulfil their aesthetic intentions

A Survey on Evaluation Factors for Business Process Management Technology

Estimating the value of business process management (BPM) technology is a difficult task to accomplish. Computerized business processes have a strong impact on an organization, and BPM projects have a long-term cost amortization. To systematically analyze BPM technology from an economic-driven perspective, we are currently developing an evaluation framework in the EcoPOST project. In order to empirically validate the relevance of assumed evaluation factors (e.g., process knowledge, business process redesign, end user fears, and communication) we have conducted an online survey among 70 BPM experts from more than 50 industrial and academic organizations. This paper summarizes the results of this survey. Our results help both researchers and practitioners to better understand the evaluation factors that determine the value of BPM technology