526 research outputs found
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum
Artificial Intelligence and International Conflict in Cyberspace
This edited volume explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming international conflict in cyberspace. Over the past three decades, cyberspace developed into a crucial frontier and issue of international conflict. However, scholarly work on the relationship between AI and conflict in cyberspace has been produced along somewhat rigid disciplinary boundaries and an even more rigid sociotechnical divide â wherein technical and social scholarship are seldomly brought into a conversation. This is the first volume to address these themes through a comprehensive and cross-disciplinary approach. With the intent of exploring the question âwhat is at stake with the use of automation in international conflict in cyberspace through AI?â, the chapters in the volume focus on three broad themes, namely: (1) technical and operational, (2) strategic and geopolitical and (3) normative and legal. These also constitute the three parts in which the chapters of this volume are organised, although these thematic sections should not be considered as an analytical or a disciplinary demarcation
TempME: Towards the Explainability of Temporal Graph Neural Networks via Motif Discovery
Temporal graphs are widely used to model dynamic systems with time-varying
interactions. In real-world scenarios, the underlying mechanisms of generating
future interactions in dynamic systems are typically governed by a set of
recurring substructures within the graph, known as temporal motifs. Despite the
success and prevalence of current temporal graph neural networks (TGNN), it
remains uncertain which temporal motifs are recognized as the significant
indications that trigger a certain prediction from the model, which is a
critical challenge for advancing the explainability and trustworthiness of
current TGNNs. To address this challenge, we propose a novel approach, called
Temporal Motifs Explainer (TempME), which uncovers the most pivotal temporal
motifs guiding the prediction of TGNNs. Derived from the information bottleneck
principle, TempME extracts the most interaction-related motifs while minimizing
the amount of contained information to preserve the sparsity and succinctness
of the explanation. Events in the explanations generated by TempME are verified
to be more spatiotemporally correlated than those of existing approaches,
providing more understandable insights. Extensive experiments validate the
superiority of TempME, with up to 8.21% increase in terms of explanation
accuracy across six real-world datasets and up to 22.96% increase in boosting
the prediction Average Precision of current TGNNs.Comment: Accepted at NeurIPS 2023, Camera Ready Versio
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Sonic heritage: listening to the past
History is so often told through objects, images and photographs, but the potential of sounds to reveal place and space is often neglected. Our research project âSonic Palimpsestâ1 explores the potential of sound to evoke impressions and new understandings of the past, to embrace the sonic as a tool to understand what was, in a way that can complement and add to our predominant visual understandings. Our work includes the expansion of the Oral History archives held at Chatham Dockyard to include womenâs voices and experiences, and the creation of sonic works to engage the public with their heritage. Our research highlights the social and cultural value of oral history and field recordings in the transmission of knowledge to both researchers and the public. Together these recordings document how buildings and spaces within the dockyard were used and experienced by those who worked there. We can begin to understand the social and cultural roles of these buildings within the community, both past and present
INSAM Journal of Contemporary Music, Art and Technology 10 (I/2023)
Having in mind the foundational idea not only of our Journal but also the INSAM Institute itself, the main theme of this issue is titled âTechnological Aspects of Contemporary Artistic and Scientific Researchâ. This theme was recognized as important, timely, and necessary by a number of authors coming from various disciplines.
The (Inter)Views section brings us three diverse pieces; the issue is opened by Aida AdĆŸoviÄâs interview with the legendary Slovene act Laibach regarding their performance of the Wir sing das Volk project at the Sarajevo National Theater on May 9, 2023. Following this, Marija MitroviÄ prepared an interview with media artist Leon Eckard, concerning this artistâs views on contemporary art and the interaction between technology and human sensitivity. An essay by Alexander Liebermann on the early 20th-century composer Erwin Schulhoff, whose search for a unique personal voice could be encouraging in any given period, closes this rubric.
The Main theme section contains seven scientific articles. In the first one, Filipa MagalhĂŁes, InĂȘs Filipe, Mariana Silva and Henrique Carvalho explore the process and details of technological and artistic challenges of reviving the music theater work FE...DE...RI...CO... (1987) by Constança Capdeville. The second article, written by Milan MilojkoviÄ, is dedicated to the analysis of historical composer Vojislav VuÄkoviÄ and his ChatGPT-generated doppelganger and opera. The fictional narrative woven around the actual historical figure served as an example of the current possibilities of AI in the domain of musicological work. In the next paper, LuĂs Arandas, Miguel Carvalhais and Mick Grierson expand on their work on the film Irreplaceable Biography, which was created via language-guided generative models in audiovisual production. Thomas Moore focuses on the Belgium-based Nadar Ensemble and discusses the ways in which the performers of the ensemble understand the concept of the integrated concert and distinguish themselves from it, specifying the broadening of performersâ competencies and responsibilities. In her paper, Dana Papachristou contributes to the discussion on the politics of connectivity based on the examination of three projects: the online project Xenakis Networked Performance Marathon 2022, 2023Eleusis Mystery 91_Magnetic Dance in Elefsina European Capital of Culture, and Spaces of Reflection offline PirateBox network in the 10th Berlin Biennale. The penultimate article in the section is written by Kenrick Ho and presents us with the authorâs composition Flou for solo violin through the prism of the relationship between (historically present) algorithmic processes, the composer, and the performer. Finally, Rijad KaniĆŸa adds to the critical discourse on the reshaping of the musical experience via technology and the understanding of said technology using the example of musique concrĂšte.
In the final Review section, Bakir MemiĆĄeviÄ gives an overview of the 13th International Symposium âMusic in Societyâ that was held in Sarajevo in December 2022
Machine Learning Algorithm for the Scansion of Old Saxon Poetry
Several scholars designed tools to perform the automatic scansion of poetry in many languages, but none of these tools
deal with Old Saxon or Old English. This project aims to be a first attempt to create a tool for these languages. We
implemented a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model to perform the automatic scansion of Old Saxon
and Old English poems. Since this model uses supervised learning, we manually annotated the Heliand manuscript, and
we used the resulting corpus as labeled dataset to train the model. The evaluation of the performance of the algorithm
reached a 97% for the accuracy and a 99% of weighted average for precision, recall and F1 Score. In addition, we tested
the model with some verses from the Old Saxon Genesis and some from The Battle of Brunanburh, and we observed that
the model predicted almost all Old Saxon metrical patterns correctly misclassified the majority of the Old English input
verses
Photojournalism and the Revolution: Tactical Uses of Visual Media in the Making of the Republic of China (1905-1914)
This study shows that photography, despite its use in the colonial conquests of the second half of the nineteenth century, came to empower actors in East Asia and became one of the tactics that allowed them to contest and reverse unequal power structures. At the turn of the twentieth century, Chinese revolutionary movements envisioned photojournalism as one of the tools that would lead to their plan to transform the Chinese nation from a dynastic empire into a republic. A close reading of press photographs issued in the anarchist illustrated journal Le Monde (1907) and the Revolutionary Alliance-affiliated The True Record (1912-1913), edited and published in the Chinese language in the transcultural contexts of Paris and Shanghai, sheds light on the tactical uses of photography as a mean of resistance in the context of the 1911 Xinhai Revolution. Furthermore, by focusing on the images and artefacts developed and used by Sinophone actors including politicians Li Shizeng, Wu Hui, Wu Zhihui, and Zhang Jingjiang, and also by the prominent Lingnan artists Gao Jianfu, Gao Qifeng, and Chen Shuren, this dissertation remarks on the relevance of the photographic historianâs choice of sources. If the exclusive consultation of the colonial archive supports and perpetrates the perception of photography as a means of colonial violence, considering different visual archival sources and local uses of the camera uncovers a radically different story
Specificity of the innate immune responses to different classes of non-tuberculous mycobacteria
Mycobacterium avium is the most common nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species causing infectious disease. Here, we characterized a M. avium infection model in zebrafish larvae, and compared it to M. marinum infection, a model of tuberculosis. M. avium bacteria are efficiently phagocytosed and frequently induce granuloma-like structures in zebrafish larvae. Although macrophages can respond to both mycobacterial infections, their migration speed is faster in infections caused by M. marinum. Tlr2 is conservatively involved in most aspects of the defense against both mycobacterial infections. However, Tlr2 has a function in the migration speed of macrophages and neutrophils to infection sites with M. marinum that is not observed with M. avium. Using RNAseq analysis, we found a distinct transcriptome response in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction for M. avium and M. marinum infection. In addition, we found differences in gene expression in metabolic pathways, phagosome formation, matrix remodeling, and apoptosis in response to these mycobacterial infections. In conclusion, we characterized a new M. avium infection model in zebrafish that can be further used in studying pathological mechanisms for NTM-caused diseases
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Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group
This is the Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG). This was the first PPIG to be held physically since 2019, following the two online-only PPIGs in 2020 and 2021, both during the Covid pandemic. It was also the first PPIG conference to be designed specifically for hybrid attendance. Reflecting the theme, it was hosted by Music Computing Lab at the Open University in Milton Keynes
"A voice cries out in the wildernessâ: The religio-political afterlife of âscapegoatâ and âmessiahâ metaphors, from the Hebrew Bible to contemporary Australian political rhetoric
Religion intercedes in the emotive underpinnings of politics in Australia far more
than we realize. It is argued in colloquial settings that religion is only as relevant
to Australian politics as it is to Australian culture which, according to census data,
is increasingly irreligious. In contrast, scholars and commentators argue that
religion is evident in politics through our colonial history, the âreligious rightâ and
so-called âdog-whistleâ politics (Maddox 2001; 2005; Hindess 2014b; Lake 2018;
Sheridan 2018). However, what is not known is why Judeo-Christian religious
motifs and undertones are so persistent in political speechmaking and how they
maintain their persuasiveness when Christianity has declined so significantly.
Accordingly, this thesis examines the Biblical Hebrew origins and translation of
two important Biblical metaphors and their continued use in the so-called
âAfterlife of the Textâ (Benjamin 1968; Sawyer 1995; Kugel 2007; Sawyer 2018).
This âafterlifeâ includes use in contemporary Australian prime ministerial speeches.
Using Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff and Johnson 1980) as an analytical
tool, I discuss the origins of the Biblical Hebrew metaphors of âscapegoatâ in
Leviticus 16 and âmessiahâ in Isaiahâs âServant Songsâ (Isaiah 42:1â9; 49:1â13; 50:4â
11; 52:13â 53:12). In Leviticus, the conceptual metaphor SCAPEGOAT IS ATONEMENT is
evident in the Day of Atonement ritual while in Isaiahâs Servants Songs, the
conceptual metaphors of MESSIAH IS GUIDE and MESSIAH IS SACRIFICE are evident. The
afterlife of the metaphors evolves beyond their Hebrew Bible origins, including
use in Australian prime ministerial speeches from 2000-current. This qualitative
analysis focuses on significant prime ministerial speeches: the âscapegoatâ in John
Howardâs ministerial statement about entering the war in Iraq (Howard 2003) and
in Kevin Ruddâs Apology to Australiaâs Indigenous Peoples (Rudd 2008), and the
âmessiahâ in Julia Gillardâs so-called âmisogyny speechâ (Gillard 2012) and in
Morrisonâs press conference on floods, Parliament House culture and womenâs
safety (Morrison 2021b). This research shows how these two metaphors are part
of the Australian political speechmaking landscape, though far removed from
their Ancient Near Eastern origins. If we uncover use of Judeo-Christian
metaphors within the political space, we will better be able to understand the use
of biblical metaphors in contemporary Australian political speeches.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 202
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