Walker Percy and the Magic of Naming: The Semeiotic Fabric of Life

Walker Percy thought a paradigm for the modern age, human beings, and life does not exist, and no paradigm vying for supremacy (religion, scientism, new age physics and philosophies) succeeds. He sought to create a “radical anthropology” to describe human beings and life. His anthropology has existential roots and culminates in the philosophy and semeiotic of American pragmatist Charles Sanders Peirce. Unlike any other creature, humans have symbolic capacity, first manifested in a child’s naming and demonstrated in human being’s unique language ability, the ability to communicate through symbol and not just sign. Percy conveyed his anthropology in his last three novels through a number symbolism corresponding to the theme of each novel based on Peirce’s Cenopythagoreanism, viewing the world through the paradigm of number. In Lancelot, Percy uses the symbol of the inverted three to illustrate Lancelot’s inverted search for evil. In The Second Coming, he uses diamonds and squares and fours to illustrate community and authentic communication in the novel. In The Thanatos Syndrome, he uses twos and sixes to represent the search for dyadic solutions to triadic problems. Percy sees a synechistic and synchronistic interconnected “fabric of life” to the universe, enabled by human symbolic capacity, or Peirce’s concept of relations

A Changed Understanding of Miracles in Religious Tourism

In this modern age, an unsceptical acceptance of supernatural events–those which cannot be explained as part of the natural order of things–is less common than it once was. This trend is reflected in the declining frequency of miracle-cures certified by the Medical Bureau at Lourdes. Yet miracles past, and the promise of possible miracles in the present, still attract multitudes of religious pilgrims and tourists to sacred sites all over the world. While the frequency of miracles goes down, the appeal of miracles goes on, and the number of religious visitors has not declined. What role do miracles now play in religious tourism? The miracles associated with religious pilgrimage and tourism will be distinguished into two categories. Archaic Miracles are those that occurred in pre-scientific, often medieval, times. These often involve very implausible stories, and have the air of folklore and fairy-tales. Modern Age Miracles occur after the development of science and the Enlightenment commitment to understanding things through reason. This paper will conclude with a ‘compatibilist solution’ between two seemingly contradictory positions–miracles and science. A miraculous event is often taken as one that is contrary to the laws of nature; while religious sceptics reject miracles as unscientific. Yet the scientific demand for complete explanations is too demanding and may be impossible to satisfy. Inspired by a physicist, Marcel Glieser, I explain that there are fundamental limits to our understanding of the universe, which implies that mysteries will always remain. However, an inescapable mystery is no support for supernatural explanations. A modern-day pilgrim need not believe in the supernatural to find meaning in unexplained events, but merely needs to recognise that even ordinary things remain fundamentally unexplained. I defend this ‘wonder of existence’ solution to the problem of miracles, and provide examples, and show how this is relevant to religious tourism

Examining Unmanned Aerial System Threats & Defenses: A Conceptual Analysis

The integration of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into the already complex global aviation system presents new and unique hazards. While many studies have addressed the potential safety concerns of UAS integration, little research has been dedicated to the potential security implications. This study sought to identify potential uses and adaptations of civil UAS systems as weapons of terrorism or crime and potential UAS defenses. Researchers examined 68 academic studies, unclassified government reports, and news articles using Conceptual Analysis to systematically capture and categorize various threats. Using the collected data, researchers developed a UAS threat model for categorically evaluating potential threats. Evaluating UAS defense methodologies, researchers developed a five-layer, defense-in-depth model for protecting assets and individuals from UAS threats

Naturalized Metaphysics and Scientific Constraint: A Model-Building Approach

A problem with recent work about the relationship between metaphysics and science, especially in the theorizing of those who identify as “naturalized metaphysicians”, is the spotty, metaphorical characterization of what it means for science to “constrain” metaphysics. The most robust account of scientific constraint on metaphysical theorizing is advanced by James Ladyman and Don Ross in their 2007 book Every Thing Must Go. Ladyman & Ross claim that the only legitimate metaphysical hypotheses are those that unify two previously disparate scientific explanations. I will critique Ladyman & Ross’ account of naturalized metaphysics (and, by extension, their view of science’s constraint on metaphysics), and offer an alternative view of naturalized metaphysics as a practice of constructing physically possible models of reality. This account yields a different view of science’s constraint on metaphysics, specifically, that models must be physically possible in order to be of methodological and heuristic use to scientists

The spiral structure of Marshall McLuhan’s thinking

We examine the spiral structure of the thinking and the work of Marshall McLuhan, which we believe will provide a new way of viewing McLuhan’s work. In particular, we believe that the way he reversed figure and ground, reversed content and medium, reversed cause and effect, and the relationship he established between the content of a new medium and the older media it obsolesced all contain a spiral structure going back and forth in time. Finally, the time structure of his Laws of Media in which a new medium obsolesced an older medium, while retrieving an even older medium and then when pushed far enough flipped into a still newer medium has the feeling of a spiral. We will also examine the spiral structure of the thinking and work of those thinkers and artists that most influenced McLuhan such as Vico, Hegel, Marx, Freud, Joyce, TS Eliot, Wyndham Lewis and the Vorticism movement

Sons of Disobedience and their Machines: How Sin and Anthropology Can Inform Evangelical Thought About AI

The purpose of this paper is to further discussion about artificial intelligence by examining AI from the perspective of the doctrine of sin. As such, philosophy of mind and theological anthropology, specifically, what it means to be human, the effects of sin, and the consequent social ramifications of AI drive the analysis of this paper. Accordingly, the conclusions of the analysis are that the depravity of fallen humanity is cause for concern in the very programming of AI and serves as a corrupted foundation for artificial machine cognition. Given the fallen nature of human thought, and therefore, fallen AI thought, this paper then examines how this “fallen” AI is already impacting imago Dei in the work and in social governance of the technological society

A Political Companion to Walker Percy

In 1962, Walker Percy (1916–1990) made a dramatic entrance onto the American literary scene when he won the National Book Award for fiction with his first novel, The Moviegoer. A physician, philosopher, and devout Catholic, Percy dedicated his life to understanding the mixed and somewhat contradictory foundations of American life as a situation faced by the wandering and won-dering human soul. His controversial works combined existential questioning, scientific investigation, the insight of the southern stoic, and authentic religious faith to produce a singular view of humanity’s place in the cosmos that ranks among the best American political thinking. An authoritative guide to the political thought of this celebrated yet complex American author, A Political Companion to Walker Percy includes seminal essays by Ralph C. Wood, Richard Reinsch II, and James V. Schall, S.J., as well as new analyses of Percy’s view of Thomistic realism and his reaction to the American pursuit of happiness. Editors Peter Augustine Lawler and Brian A. Smith have assembled scholars of diverse perspectives who provide a necessary lens for interpreting Percy’s works. This comprehensive introduction to Percy’s “American Thomism” is an indispensable resource for students of American literature, culture, and politics. Peter Augustine Lawler is Dana Professor of Government at Berry College. He is the author of numerous books, including Modern and American Dignity: Who We Are as Persons, and What That Means for Our Future. Brian A. Smith is assistant professor of political science at Montclair State University. Walker Percy is an important writer who is not easily pigeonholed, and he offers an interesting and unique perspective on being human and living in America in his fiction and essays. -- Steven D. Ealy -- Senior Fellow at Liberty Fund, Inc. A splendid set of essays inspired by the audacious thought that American public discourse can be enriched by reflection on the novels of Walker Percy, chronicler of the hopes and fears, the disorders and longings of one of the strangest creatures ever to find itself lost in the cosmos, the ordinary American citizen. If the essays do not quite make the case that Percy contains the key to reforming the political order, they succeed in demonstrating that Percy is an indispensable aid in showing us how to endure political disorder with wisdom and wit. -- Thomas Hibbs -- Baylor University Peter Lawler and Brian Smith have assembled a first-rate collection of essays that wonderfully illumine Walker Percy’s art as well as the political and philosophical thought that informs it. In these pages, one confronts an intrepid critic of the illusions of modernity, from the abstractions of the Cartesian mind to the rampant scientism that today threatens the integrity of the soul. But one also witnesses on every page Percy’s humanity, his confidence in the ability of language to give us access to truth, and his refusal to succumb to anything resembling nihilism and despair. The volume is particularly impressive in drawing out the multiple ways that Percy’s thought can help save American liberty from self-destruction. -- Daniel J. Mahoney -- Augustine Chair in Distinguished Scholarship, Assumption Collegehttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_english_language_and_literature_north_america/1074/thumbnail.jp

In Search of the Holy Grail: How to Reduce the Second Law of Thermodynamics

The search for the statistical mechanical underpinning of thermodynamic irreversibility has so far focussed on the spontaneous approach to equilibrium. But this is the search for the underpinning of what Brown and Uffink (2001) have dubbed the ‘minus first law’ of thermodynamics. In contrast, the second law tells us that certain interventions on equilibrium states render the initial state ‘irrecoverable’. In this paper, I discuss the unusual nature of processes in thermodynamics, and the type of irreversibility that the second law embodies. I then search for the microscopic underpinning or statistical mechanical ‘reductive basis’ of the second law of thermodynamics by taking a functionalist strategy. First, I outline the functional role of the thermodynamic entropy: for a thermally isolated system, the thermodynamic entropy is constant in quasi-static processes, but increasing in non-quasi-static processes. I then search for the statistical mechanical quantity that plays this role — rather than the role of the traditional ‘holy grail’ as described by Callender (1999). I argue that in statistical mechanics, the Gibbs entropy plays this role