Modelling naturalistic argumentation in research literatures: representation and interaction design issues

This paper characterises key weaknesses in the ability of current digital libraries to support scholarly inquiry, and as a way to address these, proposes computational services grounded in semiformal models of the naturalistic argumentation commonly found in research lteratures. It is argued that a design priority is to balance formal expressiveness with usability, making it critical to co-evolve the modelling scheme with appropriate user interfaces for argument construction and analysis. We specify the requirements for an argument modelling scheme for use by untrained researchers, describe the resulting ontology, contrasting it with other domain modelling and semantic web approaches, before discussing passive and intelligent user interfaces designed to support analysts in the construction, navigation and analysis of scholarly argument structures in a Web-based environment

Ontology and the Semantic Web

This paper discusses the development of a new information representation system embodied in ontology and the Semantic Web. The new system differs from other representation systems in that it is based on a more sophisticated semantic representation of information, aims to go well beyond the document level, and designed to be understood and processed by machine. A common theme underlying these three features, i.e., turning documents into meaningful interchangeable data, reflects a rising use expectation nurtured by modern technology and, at the same time, presents a unique challenge for its enabling technologies

Sensemaking on the Pragmatic Web: A Hypermedia Discourse Perspective

The complexity of the dilemmas we face on an organizational, societal and global scale forces us into sensemaking activity. We need tools for expressing and contesting perspectives flexible enough for real time use in meetings, structured enough to help manage longer term memory, and powerful enough to filter the complexity of extended deliberation and debate on an organizational or global scale. This has been the motivation for a programme of basic and applied action research into Hypermedia Discourse, which draws on research in hypertext, information visualization, argumentation, modelling, and meeting facilitation. This paper proposes that this strand of work shares a key principle behind the Pragmatic Web concept, namely, the need to take seriously diverse perspectives and the processes of meaning negotiation. Moreover, it is argued that the hypermedia discourse tools described instantiate this principle in practical tools which permit end-user control over modelling approaches in the absence of consensus

Audiovisual Media Annotation Using Qualitative Data Analysis Software: A Comparative Analysis

The variety of specialized tools designed to facilitate analysis of audio-visual (AV) media are useful not only to media scholars and oral historians but to other researchers as well. Both Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS) packages and dedicated systems created for specific disciplines, such as linguistics, can be used for this purpose. Software proliferation challenges researchers to make informed choices about which package will be most useful for their project. This paper aims to present an information science perspective of the scholarly use of tools in qualitative research of audio-visual sources. It provides a baseline of affordances based on functionalities with the goal of making the types of research tasks that they support more explicit (e.g., transcribing, segmenting, coding, linking, and commenting on data). We look closely at how these functionalities relate to each other, and at how system design influences research tasks

RESEARCH ON INFORMATION RESOURCES AGGREGATION IN ACADEMIC TO SEMANTIC PUBLISHING

With the constant development of information and digitization, the proportion of digitization in scientific research publications is increasing day by day. On the one hand, the rapid growth of digital scientific research data and academic literature has provided many facilities for academic exchanges among scientific research users. On the basis of systematically combing the relevant theories of semantic publishing and information resource integration, this paper summarizes the current situation of information resource aggregation in academic journals and the significance of digital resource aggregation. Secondly, this paper illustrates the important role of semantic information resource integration in semantic publishing of academic journals. Taking Elsevier semantic publishingmodel as an example, it focuses on the resource query and resource utilization under semantic publishing. Final adoption with the comparison of web of science database and the analysis and evaluation of the results of resource aggregation verify the feasibility of the semantic based digitalresource aggregation method in the digital publication of academic journals.Keywords: Semantic Publishing; Semantic Web, Digital Resource, and Aggregation elsevi

Establishing a distributed system for the simple representation and integration of diverse scientific assertions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Information technology has the potential to increase the pace of scientific progress by helping researchers in formulating, publishing and finding information. There are numerous projects that employ ontologies and Semantic Web technologies towards this goal. However, the number of applications that have found widespread use among biomedical researchers is still surprisingly small. In this paper we present the aTag (‘associative tags’) convention, which aims to drastically lower the entry barriers to the biomedical Semantic Web. aTags are short snippets of HTML+RDFa with embedded RDF/OWL based on the Semantically Interlinked Online Communities (SIOC) vocabulary and domain ontologies and taxonomies, such as the Open Biomedical Ontologies and DBpedia. The structure of aTags is very simple: a short piece of human-readable text that is ‘tagged’ with relevant ontological entities. This paper describes our efforts for seeding the creation of a viable ecosystem of datasets, tools and services around aTags.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Numerous biomedical datasets in aTag format and systems for the creation of aTags have been set-up and are described in this paper. Prototypes of some of these systems are accessible at <url>http://hcls.deri.org/atag</url></p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The aTags convention enables the rapid development of diverse, integrated datasets and semantically interoperable applications. More work needs to be done to study the practicability of this approach in different use-case scenarios, and to encourage uptake of the convention by other groups.</p

A strategy to gradual implementation of data interoperability

Data interoperability is a major concern on e-government, both from the point of view of service offering and from the point of view of public administration efficiency. This paper purposes an incremental, pragmatic approach to data interoperability. It is argued that integration with minor required initial efforts from institutions is feasible, may provide useful solutions and is a solid ground basis for subsequent evolution. This paper presents general guidelines and model solutions to support this approach. Also, presents a demo implementation that proves feasibility of the purposed models and delivers useful solutions on a specific business e-government scenario. Although still limited in range and demonstrated on a quite specific business environment, it is expected that the analysis and the proposed strategies, solutions and models be of interest on a larger spectrum of data interoperability problems.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Interaction: Beyond retrieval

No Abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57316/1/14504301125_ftp.pd

Argumentation Mining in User-Generated Web Discourse

The goal of argumentation mining, an evolving research field in computational linguistics, is to design methods capable of analyzing people's argumentation. In this article, we go beyond the state of the art in several ways. (i) We deal with actual Web data and take up the challenges given by the variety of registers, multiple domains, and unrestricted noisy user-generated Web discourse. (ii) We bridge the gap between normative argumentation theories and argumentation phenomena encountered in actual data by adapting an argumentation model tested in an extensive annotation study. (iii) We create a new gold standard corpus (90k tokens in 340 documents) and experiment with several machine learning methods to identify argument components. We offer the data, source codes, and annotation guidelines to the community under free licenses. Our findings show that argumentation mining in user-generated Web discourse is a feasible but challenging task.Comment: Cite as: Habernal, I. & Gurevych, I. (2017). Argumentation Mining in User-Generated Web Discourse. Computational Linguistics 43(1), pp. 125-17