515 research outputs found

    A Survey of Recent Developments in Testability, Safety and Security of RISC-V Processors

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    With the continued success of the open RISC-V architecture, practical deployment of RISC-V processors necessitates an in-depth consideration of their testability, safety and security aspects. This survey provides an overview of recent developments in this quickly-evolving field. We start with discussing the application of state-of-the-art functional and system-level test solutions to RISC-V processors. Then, we discuss the use of RISC-V processors for safety-related applications; to this end, we outline the essential techniques necessary to obtain safety both in the functional and in the timing domain and review recent processor designs with safety features. Finally, we survey the different aspects of security with respect to RISC-V implementations and discuss the relationship between cryptographic protocols and primitives on the one hand and the RISC-V processor architecture and hardware implementation on the other. We also comment on the role of a RISC-V processor for system security and its resilience against side-channel attacks

    Optimization for Deep Learning Systems Applied to Computer Vision

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    149 p.Since the DL revolution and especially over the last years (2010-2022), DNNs have become an essentialpart of the CV field, and they are present in all its sub-fields (video-surveillance, industrialmanufacturing, autonomous driving, ...) and in almost every new state-of-the-art application that isdeveloped. However, DNNs are very complex and the architecture needs to be carefully selected andadapted in order to maximize its efficiency. In many cases, networks are not specifically designed for theconsidered use case, they are simply recycled from other applications and slightly adapted, without takinginto account the particularities of the use case or the interaction with the rest of the system components,which usually results in a performance drop.This research work aims at providing knowledge and tools for the optimization of systems based on DeepLearning applied to different real use cases within the field of Computer Vision, in order to maximizetheir effectiveness and efficiency

    Extension of the L1Calo PreProcessor System for the ATLAS Phase-I Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade

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    For the Run-3 data-taking period at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the hardware- based Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger (L1Calo) of the ATLAS experiment was upgraded. Through new and sophisticated algorithms, the upgrade will increase the trigger performance in a challenging, high-pileup environment while maintaining low selection thresholds. The Tile Rear Extension (TREX) modules are the latest addition to the L1Calo PreProcessor system. Hosting state-of-the-art FPGAs and high-speed optical transceivers, the TREX modules provide digitised hadronic transverse energies from the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter to the new feature extractor (FEX) processors every 25 ns. In addition, the modules are designed to maintain compatibility with the original trigger processors. The system of 32 TREX modules has been developed, produced and successfully installed in ATLAS. The thesis describes the functional implementation of the modules and the detailed integration and commissioning into the ATLAS detector

    Low Power Memory/Memristor Devices and Systems

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    This reprint focusses on achieving low-power computation using memristive devices. The topic was designed as a convenient reference point: it contains a mix of techniques starting from the fundamental manufacturing of memristive devices all the way to applications such as physically unclonable functions, and also covers perspectives on, e.g., in-memory computing, which is inextricably linked with emerging memory devices such as memristors. Finally, the reprint contains a few articles representing how other communities (from typical CMOS design to photonics) are fighting on their own fronts in the quest towards low-power computation, as a comparison with the memristor literature. We hope that readers will enjoy discovering the articles within

    Database System Acceleration on FPGAs

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    Relational database systems provide various services and applications with an efficient means for storing, processing, and retrieving their data. The performance of these systems has a direct impact on the quality of service of the applications that rely on them. Therefore, it is crucial that database systems are able to adapt and grow in tandem with the demands of these applications, ensuring that their performance scales accordingly. In the past, Moore's law and algorithmic advancements have been sufficient to meet these demands. However, with the slowdown of Moore's law, researchers have begun exploring alternative methods, such as application-specific technologies, to satisfy the more challenging performance requirements. One such technology is field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), which provide ideal platforms for developing and running custom architectures for accelerating database systems. The goal of this thesis is to develop a domain-specific architecture that can enhance the performance of in-memory database systems when executing analytical queries. Our research is guided by a combination of academic and industrial requirements that seek to strike a balance between generality and performance. The former ensures that our platform can be used to process a diverse range of workloads, while the latter makes it an attractive solution for high-performance use cases. Throughout this thesis, we present the development of a system-on-chip for database system acceleration that meets our requirements. The resulting architecture, called CbMSMK, is capable of processing the projection, sort, aggregation, and equi-join database operators and can also run some complex TPC-H queries. CbMSMK employs a shared sort-merge pipeline for executing all these operators, which results in an efficient use of FPGA resources. This approach enables the instantiation of multiple acceleration cores on the FPGA, allowing it to serve multiple clients simultaneously. CbMSMK can process both arbitrarily deep and wide tables efficiently. The former is achieved through the use of the sort-merge algorithm which utilizes the FPGA RAM for buffering intermediate sort results. The latter is achieved through the use of KeRRaS, a novel variant of the forward radix sort algorithm introduced in this thesis. KeRRaS allows CbMSMK to process a table a few columns at a time, incrementally generating the final result through multiple iterations. Given that acceleration is a key objective of our work, CbMSMK benefits from many performance optimizations. For instance, multi-way merging is employed to reduce the number of merge passes required for the execution of the sort-merge algorithm, thus improving the performance of all our pipeline-breaking operators. Another example is our in-depth analysis of early aggregation, which led to the development of a novel cache-based algorithm that significantly enhances aggregation performance. Our experiments demonstrate that CbMSMK performs on average 5 times faster than the state-of-the-art CPU-based database management system MonetDB.:I Database Systems & FPGAs 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Databases & the Importance of Performance 1.2 Accelerators & FPGAs 1.3 Requirements 1.4 Outline & Summary of Contributions 2 BACKGROUND ON DATABASE SYSTEMS 2.1 Databases 2.1.1 Storage Model 2.1.2 Storage Medium 2.2 Database Operators 2.2.1 Projection 2.2.2 Filter 2.2.3 Sort 2.2.4 Aggregation 2.2.5 Join 2.2.6 Operator Classification 2.3 Database Queries 2.4 Impact of Acceleration 3 BACKGROUND ON FPGAS 3.1 FPGA 3.1.1 Logic Element 3.1.2 Block RAM (BRAM) 3.1.3 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) 3.1.4 IO Element 3.1.5 Programmable Interconnect 3.2 FPGADesignFlow 3.2.1 Specifications 3.2.2 RTL Description 3.2.3 Verification 3.2.4 Synthesis, Mapping, Placement, and Routing 3.2.5 TimingAnalysis 3.2.6 Bitstream Generation and FPGA Programming 3.3 Implementation Quality Metrics 3.4 FPGA Cards 3.5 Benefits of Using FPGAs 3.6 Challenges of Using FPGAs 4 RELATED WORK 4.1 Summary of Related Work 4.2 Platform Type 4.2.1 Accelerator Card 4.2.2 Coprocessor 4.2.3 Smart Storage 4.2.4 Network Processor 4.3 Implementation 4.3.1 Loop-based implementation 4.3.2 Sort-based Implementation 4.3.3 Hash-based Implementation 4.3.4 Mixed Implementation 4.4 A Note on Quantitative Performance Comparisons II Cache-Based Morphing Sort-Merge with KeRRaS (CbMSMK) 5 OBJECTIVES AND ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW 5.1 From Requirements to Objectives 5.2 Architecture Overview 5.3 Outlineof Part II 6 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OPENCL AND RTL FOR SORT-MERGE PRIMITIVES ON FPGAS 6.1 Programming FPGAs 6.2 RelatedWork 6.3 Architecture 6.3.1 Global Architecture 6.3.2 Sorter Architecture 6.3.3 Merger Architecture 6.3.4 Scalability and Resource Adaptability 6.4 Experiments 6.4.1 OpenCL Sort-Merge Implementation 6.4.2 RTLSorters 6.4.3 RTLMergers 6.4.4 Hybrid OpenCL-RTL Sort-Merge Implementation 6.5 Summary & Discussion 7 RESOURCE-EFFICIENT ACCELERATION OF PIPELINE-BREAKING DATABASE OPERATORS ON FPGAS 7.1 The Case for Resource Efficiency 7.2 Related Work 7.3 Architecture 7.3.1 Sorters 7.3.2 Sort-Network 7.3.3 X:Y Mergers 7.3.4 Merge-Network 7.3.5 Join Materialiser (JoinMat) 7.4 Experiments 7.4.1 Experimental Setup 7.4.2 Implementation Description & Tuning 7.4.3 Sort Benchmarks 7.4.4 Aggregation Benchmarks 7.4.5 Join Benchmarks 7. Summary 8 KERRAS: COLUMN-ORIENTED WIDE TABLE PROCESSING ON FPGAS 8.1 The Scope of Database System Accelerators 8.2 Related Work 8.3 Key-Reduce Radix Sort(KeRRaS) 8.3.1 Time Complexity 8.3.2 Space Complexity (Memory Utilization) 8.3.3 Discussion and Optimizations 8.4 Architecture 8.4.1 MSM 8.4.2 MSMK: Extending MSM with KeRRaS 8.4.3 Payload, Aggregation and Join Processing 8.4.4 Limitations 8.5 Experiments 8.5.1 Experimental Setup 8.5.2 Datasets 8.5.3 MSMK vs. MSM 8.5.4 Payload-Less Benchmarks 8.5.5 Payload-Based Benchmarks 8.5.6 Flexibility 8.6 Summary 9 A STUDY OF EARLY AGGREGATION IN DATABASE QUERY PROCESSING ON FPGAS 9.1 Early Aggregation 9.2 Background & Related Work 9.2.1 Sort-Based Early Aggregation 9.2.2 Cache-Based Early Aggregation 9.3 Simulations 9.3.1 Datasets 9.3.2 Metrics 9.3.3 Sort-Based Versus Cache-Based Early Aggregation 9.3.4 Comparison of Set-Associative Caches 9.3.5 Comparison of Cache Structures 9.3.6 Comparison of Replacement Policies 9.3.7 Cache Selection Methodology 9.4 Cache System Architecture 9.4.1 Window Aggregator 9.4.2 Compressor & Hasher 9.4.3 Collision Detector 9.4.4 Collision Resolver 9.4.5 Cache 9.5 Experiments 9.5.1 Experimental Setup 9.5.2 Resource Utilization and Parameter Tuning 9.5.3 Datasets 9.5.4 Benchmarks on Synthetic Data 9.5.5 Benchmarks on Real Data 9.6 Summary 10 THE FULL PICTURE 10.1 System Architecture 10.2 Benchmarks 10.3 Meeting the Objectives III Conclusion 11 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK ON FUTURE RESEARCH 11.1 Summary 11.2 Future Work BIBLIOGRAPHY LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLE

    On designing hardware accelerator-based systems: interfaces, taxes and benefits

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    Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Technology scaling has slowed down. One promising approach to sustain the historic performance improvement of computing systems is to utilize hardware accelerators. Today, many commercial computing systems integrate one or more accelerators, with each accelerator optimized to efficiently execute specific tasks. Over the years, there has been a substantial amount of research on designing hardware accelerators for machine learning (ML) training and inference tasks. Hardware accelerators are also widely employed to accelerate data privacy and security algorithms. In particular, there is currently a growing interest in the use of hardware accelerators for accelerating homomorphic encryption (HE) based privacy-preserving computing. While the use of hardware accelerators is promising, a realistic end-to-end evaluation of an accelerator when integrated into the full system often reveals that the benefits of an accelerator are not always as expected. Simply assessing the performance of the accelerated portion of an application, such as the inference kernel in ML applications, during performance analysis can be misleading. When designing an accelerator-based system, it is critical to evaluate the system as a whole and account for all the accelerator taxes. In the first part of our research, we highlight the need for a holistic, end-to-end analysis of workloads using ML and HE applications. Our evaluation of an ML application for a database management system (DBMS) shows that the benefits of offloading ML inference to accelerators depend on several factors, including backend hardware, model complexity, data size, and the level of integration between the ML inference pipeline and the DBMS. We also found that the end-to-end performance improvement is bottlenecked by data retrieval and pre-processing, as well as inference. Additionally, our evaluation of an HE video encryption application shows that while HE client-side operations, i.e., message-to- ciphertext and ciphertext-to-message conversion operations, are bottlenecked by number theoretic transform (NTT) operations, accelerating NTT in hardware alone is not sufficient to get enough application throughput (frame rate per second) improvement. We need to address all bottlenecks such as error sampling, encryption, and decryption in message-to-ciphertext and ciphertext-to-message conversion pipeline. In the second part of our research, we address the lack of a scalable evaluation infrastructure for building and evaluating accelerator-based systems. To solve this problem, we propose a robust and scalable software-hardware framework for accelerator evaluation, which uses an open-source RISC-V based System-on-Chip (SoC) design called BlackParrot. This framework can be utilized by accelerator designers and system architects to perform an end-to-end performance analysis of coherent and non-coherent accelerators while carefully accounting for the interaction between the accelerator and the rest of the system. In the third part of our research, we present RISE, which is a full RISC-V SoC designed to efficiently perform message-to-ciphertext and ciphertext-to-message conversion operations. RISE comprises of a BlackParrot core and an efficient custom-designed accelerator tailored to accelerate end-to-end message-to-ciphertext and ciphertext-to-message conversion operations. Our RTL-based evaluation demonstrates that RISE improves the throughput of the video encryption application by 10x-27x for different frame resolutions

    Quantification of the emission, impact and control of odour derived from urban wastewater treatment

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    En la sociedad actual, especialmente en los países más desarrollados, no se concibe una urbe donde no se realice un adecuado tratamiento de las aguas residuales, previamente canalizadas hasta una estación depuradora (EDAR). Sin embargo, el impacto odorífero de este tipo de instalaciones es fuente de frecuentes quejas y protestas en las áreas residenciales cercanas a las mismas, debido a que la contaminación por olores puede causar importantes efectos negativos sobre la salud humana y el medio ambiente. Dicha contaminación suele derivar de la presencia de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) y otros nitrogenados o sulfurados en las emisiones gaseosas de las EDAR, algunos de los cuales presentan umbrales olfativos muy bajos (ppb o ppt). En el marco de la economía circular, abordar las prioridades sociales con un enfoque múltiple es una de las directrices marcadas por todas las instituciones gubernamentales. Siguiendo esa dinámica, este trabajo de investigación se ha centrado en dos retos sociales marcados por la Unión Europea: “Acción por el clima, eficiencia de recursos y materias primas” y “Energía segura, limpia y eficiente”. El tratamiento integral del agua residual en las EDAR, y todos los factores asociados a él, forman parte del primer reto, lo que incluye, por tanto, la correcta gestión de las emisiones odoríferas contaminantes. En este sentido, en la presente Tesis Doctoral se ha abordado el origen, cuantificación y modelado de la dispersión de dichas emisiones, así como su control a través de dos tecnologías de desodorización: la adsorción mediante carbón activo granular (CAG) y la biofiltración. En el primer bloque de este trabajo, se ha realizado una comparación entre dos EDAR urbanas de pequeño-mediano tamaño con diferentes tecnologías biológicas y ampliamente implantadas en el tratamiento secundario de las aguas residuales (fangos activos de aireación prolongada y biodiscos), demostrando que el modo de operación y el consecuente contenido bacteriano de los lodos generados tienen gran influencia en el impacto odorífero resultante. Por otra parte, también se ha estudiado la emisión odorífera de una EDAR urbana de gran tamaño (950.000 habitantes equivalentes) que dispone de desodorización mediante CAG. Así, se ha cuantificado la emisión de sus principales puntos críticos de olor, con el añadido de estimar el impacto odorífero que en su conjunto produce la EDAR en zonas colindantes. Dicho objetivo se ha alcanzado a través del desarrollo de un modelo de dispersión Euleriano, demostrándose de forma satisfactoria cómo varía de forma cuantitativa dicho impacto en función de las diferentes estaciones del año. En un segundo bloque, gracias al estudio del CAG contaminado (procedente de distintos emplazamientos en la desodorización de la EDAR urbana mencionada con anterioridad), desde diferentes perspectivas como la olfatométrica, fisicoquímica y textural, así como al análisis cuantitativo de los compuestos volátiles retenidos, se ha profundizado en la comprensión del proceso de eliminación de olores en EDAR mediante la tecnología de adsorción. Sin embargo, una vez cubierta su función, el citado material adsorbente es catalogado como residuo peligroso y generalmente termina siendo depositado en vertedero sin tratamiento ni valorización alguna. Entre las alternativas de valorización, la regeneración térmica del CAG en atmósfera inerte es la más utilizada a escala industrial, pero las complejas condiciones en las que es necesario realizarla hacen que actualmente su depósito en vertedero siga resultando la opción más económica, puesto que, aunque el producto resultante sea de valor añadido, el coste de implantación de un proceso supone la inversión en la nueva instalación, sumado a los costes de operación para mantener las condiciones inertes y el aporte energético, dado que se requieren altas temperaturas de operación. Todo ello, hacen poco atractiva la inversión en este sistema de valorización. Además, transportar el CAG contaminado a otras localizaciones geográficas alejadas incrementa aún más el coste de regeneración haciendo poco escogida esta opción. En este contexto, este trabajo ha permitido demostrar que la regeneración térmica oxidativa del CAG procedente de la desodorización, a bajas temperaturas comprendidas entre 250 y 350ºC, constituye una alternativa más simple y económica que la citada anteriormente, al objeto de obtener carbones regenerados cuyas propiedades texturales y estructurales hacen que sean susceptibles de ser reutilizados como rellenos adsorbentes de olores en EDAR. Desde una perspectiva también circular, y dando respuesta al reto “Energía segura, limpia y eficiente”, en este segundo bloque se ha enlazado el problema de la generación de residuos en forma de carbón activado contaminado de las EDAR con la necesidad de materiales carbonosos para la nueva generación de baterías de litio-azufre (Li-S), las cuales han ido adquiriendo gran importancia, hasta el punto de convertirse en un sistema de almacenamiento de energía muy efectivo. Con esta investigación, se ha conseguido demostrar el notable rendimiento electroquímico obtenido en baterías Li-S usando electrodos preparados a partir de carbones procedentes de la regeneración oxidativa de carbones activados procedentes del control de emisiones olorosas de EDAR. De esta manera, se ha demostrado que, tras un proceso sencillo y económico de regeneración en atmósfera oxidativa (aire), también es posible obtener carbones con excelentes propiedades para permitir una segunda aplicación de los mismos en el desarrollo de baterías Li-S sostenibles. Finalmente, en el tercer y último bloque, se ha abordado la eliminación mediante biofiltración de dos compuestos gaseosos presentes de forma habitual en las emisiones odoríferas de EDAR: ácido butírico y D-limoneno. Para ello, se han realizado experimentos de biofiltración a escala piloto con diferentes rellenos (virutas de madera de forma exclusiva o mezcladas con compost estabilizado de lodos de EDAR), estudiando la influencia que tienen tanto el material de relleno como la naturaleza del compuesto a eliminar mediante biofiltración en las eficacias de eliminación de olor de los diferentes biofiltros seleccionados. Todo ello acompañado de análisis microbiológicos que han permitido cuantificar los microorganismos aerobios que sobreviven durante la experimentación, así como la identificación taxonómica de las comunidades bacterianas presentes en los rellenos de los biofiltros, con el objetivo de evaluar la evolución de estas comunidades microbianas cuando se exponen a corrientes gaseosas independientes de ácido butírico y D-limoneno. Gracias a la presente Tesis Doctoral, se aporta nueva y relevante información, así como conocimiento científico que puede servir de apoyo para una correcta implantación y gestión de EDAR, sobre todo en la línea de olor, línea menos estudiada frente a las líneas de aguas y lodos. Además, este trabajo tiene una repercusión muy favorable sobre el medio ambiente, en tanto que contribuye a profundizar en el conocimiento sobre las emisiones odoríferas generadas en las EDAR y su minimización, así como en la búsqueda de alternativas de valorización de los residuos que se generan en el tratamiento de tales emisiones contaminantes.Wastewater treatment is essential for the development of cities in today's society, especially in the most developed countries. Nevertheless, the odour impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the source of many complaints and protests in nearby residential areas, since odour pollution can cause significant negative effects on human health and the environment. This is due to the large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other nitrogenous or sulphur compounds contained in the gaseous emissions derived from such facilities, some of which have very low odour threshold values in terms of ppbv or pptv. In the context of the circular economy, addressing social priorities with a multiple pproach is one of the guidelines set by all government institutions. In this regard, this research work focuses on two societal challenges set by the European Union: "Climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials" and "Secure, clean and efficient energy". The integral wastewater treatment carried out in WWTPs, and all the factors associated with it, are part of the first challenge, which therefore includes the adequate management of odour pollution. In this sense, this Doctoral Thesis has addressed the origin, quantification and modelling of the dispersion of odour emissions, as well as their control through two deodorisation technologies: adsorption by means of granular activated carbon (GAC) and biofiltration. In the first section of this research study, two small-medium sized municipal WWTPs, based on activated sludge process (extended aeration) and rotating biological contactors as biological treatments, were comparatively evaluated, demonstrating that the biological wastewater treatment technology and the consequent bacterial content in the sludge generated have a marked influence on the odour impact of such facilities. On the other hand, the odour emission from a large urban WWTP (950,000 equivalent inhabitants), with deodorisation thorough GAC, has also been studied. Thus, the emission from the most critical odour sources has been quantified, also estimating the odour impact that this WWTP has in neighbouring areas. This objective has been achieved through the development of an Eulerian dispersion model, successfully demonstrating how such impact varies quantitatively depending on the different seasons of the year. In the second section, physicochemical, olfactometric and textural characterizations of the GAC used by the above mentioned facility as odour treatment system at four different stages, as well as the chromatographic quantification of the retained odoriferous compounds, have been carried out in order to better understand the odour removal process by GAC adsorption. However, when the lifespan of GAC used in deodorisation is completed, it becomes hazardous industrial waste, which is mostly discarded in landfills. Among the recovery technologies of such waste, thermal regeneration in inert atmosphere is the most widely used one at industrial scale, but the complex conditions in which it is necessary to carry it out entail that landfilling continues to be the most economical alternative nowadays, although the resulting product has added value. This is due to the fact that implementing a process involves investing in the new installation, added to the operational costs to maintain the inert conditions and the energy input, since high operating temperatures are required. For those reasons, such recovery technology is not an attractive alternative for facilities that use CAG routinely. In this context, this study has proven that the oxidative thermal regeneration of GAC derived from deodorisation, at low temperatures between 250 and 350 ºC, constitutes a simpler and cheaper alternative than its counterpart in an inert atmosphere to obtain regenerated carbons whose textural and structural properties make them susceptible to being reused as odour adsorbents in WWTPs. Furthermore, from a circular perspective as well and responding to the challenge “Secure, clean and efficient energy”, the problem of the generation of waste in terms of contaminated activated carbon from WWTPs has been linked to the need for carbonaceous materials for the sustainable development of emerging energy storage systems, such as lithium-sulphur (Li-S) batteries. In this sense, this PhD Thesis demonstrates the remarkable electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries using electrodes prepared from carbon from the oxidative thermal regeneration of activated carbons used in WWTP deodorisation. In this way, it has been shown that, after a simple and economical process of regeneration in air atmosphere, it is also possible to obtain carbon with excellent properties for contributing to the development of sustainable Li-S batteries. Finally, in the third and last section, the removal through biofiltration of two gaseous compounds commonly present in odour emissions derived from WWTPs, butyric acid and D-limonene, has been evaluated. For this purpose, several biofiltration experiments have been carried out on a pilot scale with different packed beds (wood chips exclusively or mixed with sewage sludge compost), studying the influence of the biofiltered compound as well as the filter bed on the odour removal performance. The study has been successfully complemented with microbiological monitoring to quantify the aerobic microorganisms that survived during the experimentation, as well as the taxonomic identification of the bacterial communities present in the above mentioned packing materials, with the aim of evaluating the evolution of such communities when they are subjected to separate gaseous streams of butyric acid and D-limonene. As a result of this Doctoral Thesis, new and relevant results are provided, as well as scientific knowledge that might serve as support for an adequate implementation and management of WWTPs, especially in the odour line, which is a less studied field compared to the wastewater line and sludge line. In addition, this research study has a significant favourable impact on the environment, since it contributes to deepen the knowledge on odour emissions derived from WWTPs and their minimization, as well as on the search for alternatives to recover waste generated in the treatment of such polluting emissions

    Study and analysis of state-of-the-art FCS-MPC strategies for thermal regulation of power converters

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    La degradación en los convertidores de potencia basados en silicio, enmarcados en sistemas de tracción eléctrica y fuentes de energías renovables, es un tema de estudio de especial interés para aquellas aplicaciones donde los fallos amenazan la seguridad de personas o donde el mantenimiento es particularmente costoso. Motivado por la influencia de los fallos en IGBTs sobre los fallos habituales en los convertidores de potencia comunes, este trabajo utiliza la herramienta software PLECS como marco de trabajo para la simulación de algoritmos de control predictivo basado en modelo con conjunto finito de acciones de control (FCS-MPC) que pretenden -simultáneamente a conseguir el seguimiento eléctrico- extender directa o indirectamente la vida útil de los IGBTs. El trabajo se enfoca principalmente a la simulación en ordenador de los algoritmos controlando un inversor de dos niveles conectado a una carga RL. Además, pretende también introducir la implementación de éstos sobre un microcontrolador para su estudio controlando el inversor simulado en la plataforma PLECS RT Box 1, con el fin último de poder desarrollar validaciones de los controladores basadas en técnicas Hardware-In-the-Loop.Degradation of silicon-based power electronics converters in traction and renewable energy systems is a topic of interest particularly where module failure supposes a safety threat or where maintenance becomes especially expensive. Motivated by the influence of IGBT aging in usual power converters, this work uses the software tool PLECS as framework to simulate Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCSMPC) algorithms that, simultaneously to achieving a certain current tracking, aim to directly or indirectly extend IGBTs’ lifetime. Whilst the work focuses on offline simulation of the algorithms on PLECS, it also targets to pave the way to implement algorithms in a micro-controller and to study how they control a two-level inverter connected to a RL load simulated on a PLECS RT Box 1 platform. The ultimate goal is to develop validations based on Hardware-In-the-Loop techniques of the control algorithms.Universidad de Sevilla. Máster Universitario en Ingeniería Electrónica, Robótica y Automátic
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