Mobile Commerce and Applications: An Exploratory Study and Review

Mobile commerce is enabling the development of additional revenue streams for organizations through the delivery of chargeable mobile services. According to the European Information Technology Observatory, the total amount of revenue generated by mobile commerce was reported to be less than {\pounds}9 million in the United Kingdom in 2001. By 2005 this had, at least, doubled and more recent industry forecasts project significant global growth in this area. Mobile commerce creates a range of business opportunities and new revenue streams for businesses across industry sectors via the deployment of innovative services, applications and associated information content. This paper presents a review of mobile commerce business models and their importance for the creation of mobile commerce solutions.Comment: Journal of Computing online at https://sites.google.com/site/journalofcomputing

Reducing the computational cost of the authentication process in SET protocol

SET es un protocolo seguro de pago, con tarjeta de crédito, que proporciona un modelo robusto de seguridad para entregar información personal y financiera a través de Internet, basado en la integridad de los datos, su confidencialidad y la autenticación mutua. Sin embargo, las partes involucradas en una transacción deben llevar a cabo diversas operaciones criptográficas, lo que puede ser un problema cuando se usan dispositivos móviles con baja capacidad de almacenamiento y procesamiento. Este artículo muestra como se puede reducir el coste computacional de SET, mediante el uso de otro protocolo llamado TRUTHC en conjunto con una Infraestructura de Clave Pública (PKI). Los resultados muestran que, usando TRUTHC, el tiempo total de ejecución puede ser reducido un 3% desde el punto de vista del cliente. Esta reducción se mantiene aunque aumente la longitud del camino de certificación.Postprint (published version

Performance evaluation of WTLS handshake protocol using RSA and elliptic curve cryptosystems /

WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer Security) is the security protocol designed for WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) protocol stack. Negotiation of the security parameters and authentication of the peers require using public key cryptosystems. Public key operations are generally slow. Thus, use of these cryptosystems in resource constrained handheld devices becomes a significant problem. Server (WAP Gateway) waiting time and handshake data transmission time may also be bottlenecks that occur during the WTLS handshake. In this study, WTLS Handshake Protocol is implemented using C++ and performance measurements are done using Nokia 7650 as client and open source Kannel gateway as the WAP Gateway. GSM CSD (Global System for Mobile Communication - Circuit Switched Data) data bearer with 9600 bps data rate has been used during the tests. Networking time has also been measured using GPRS bearer. Mutual authenticated and Server Authenticated WTLS full handshake performance with RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and ECDH_ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm) key exchange suites has been compared for three different categories. Each category contains four groups: three of these groups use certificates with ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) curve parameters and the fourth group uses RSA certificates. All of the groups in each category are assumed to provide the same level of security. Three groups of ECC certificates are composed of prime, Koblitz and random curve parameters. Client and server processing times have been measured for each handshake message of the test cases. These values have been used to analyze the processing load of the corresponding key exchange suite, overall handshake time and server queue delay. Server has been modeled as an M/G/1 queue and the average waiting time in the server queue has been modeled based on the well-known Pollaczek-Khincin (P-K) formula. Queue delay model has been implemented in Matlab 6.0 and queue delay characteristics of the considered test cases have been analyzed using the measured server processing times. Data transmission time model includes two components. The first component is the amount of time necessary to transmit the measured size of data with specified channel transmission rate. The second component is the traversal delay of the network that is added to the data transmission time regardless of how much data is sent. Simulation results show that ECC has better processing time performance than RSA. Server queue delay does not seem to be bottleneck for mutual authenticated WTLS handshake using ECC certificates with prime curve parameters. Server authenticated WTLS handshake using any of the three ECC certificate types also has a good queue delay characteristic. However, there exists a practical upper limit of handshake requests per second for other key exchange suites. Traversal delay of the network is much more effective on the overall handshake time when using GSM CSD or GPRS bearer

Exploring Factors Associated with Wireless Internet via Mobile Technology Acceptance in Mainland China

This study explores factors significantly impact the acceptance of Wireless Internet via Mobile Technology (WIMT) in China. The results indicate that the acceptance of WIMT is related with factors of: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influences, wireless trust environment, and facilitating conditions. It provides diagnostic insight into how different factors influence user intention to accept WIMT in China, and thus help business build solid strategy to prompt WIMT and m-commerce there

Mobile Payments in the Netherlands: Adoption Bottlenecks and Opportunities, or… Throw Out Your Wallets

Het doel van dit onderzoek is het analyseren van de marktgrootte van mobiel betalen en de bijbehorende omzetbasis, alsmede de invoering van knelpunten, om inzicht te verkrijgen in de introductie en ontwikkeling van mobiele bankservices in Nederland. Het onderzoek beschrijft verscheidene aspecten van mobiel betalen/mobiel bankieren in Nederland. Onderwerpen als implementatie, wetgeving, geschatte businesscase, aanbevolen businessmodel, ontwikkelingsscenario’s, een SWOT - analyse van technische oplossingen, organisatorische knelpunten, een analyse van de redenen van succes en falen en openstaande problemen en uitdagingen komen aan de orde. Het voornaamste doel van het onderzoek is het trachten te beantwoorden van de vraag of er een markt voor mobiel betalen is in Nederland en een analyse geven van waarom mobiele bankservices niet succesvol zijn geweest in Nederland. Bovendien dient gemeld te worden dat de focus van dit verslag lag op microbetalingen, waar over het algemeen betalingen tot €10 onder verstaan worden.The purpose of this research report is to analyse the mobile payment market size and its revenue basis, as well as adoption bottlenecks, in view of establishing the adoption and deployment of mobile banking services in The Netherlands. The research report describes various aspects with regard to mobile payments/mobile banking in The Netherlands. Issues like implementation, regulatory framework, estimated business case, deployment scenario’s, recommended business model, a SWOT analysis of the technical solutions, organisational bottlenecks, an analysis of the reasons for success and failures, and open issues and challenges are addressed. The main aim is to try to answer the question whether there is a market in The Netherlands for mobile banking services, and providing an analysis of why M-banking services have not been so successful in The Netherlands. Furthermore, it needs to be mentioned that the focus of this paper was on micro-payments, which are generally considered to be payments of up to €10

Assessment of Today’s Mobile Banking Applications from the View of Customer Requirements

Mobile banking is a subset of electronic banking which underlies not only the determinants of the banking business but also the special conditions of mobile commerce. This paper analyzes customer needs and expectations from the mobile applications’ view and from the banking view in order to derive a defined set of requirements. Based on these results, existing mobile banking applications are assessed. Their major shortcomings are explained, opportunities for their improvement are shown and the impact of upcoming new technology is discussed. The outcome of the paper is a defined set of customer requirements to mobile banking applications, the identification and assessment of four standard types of current mobile banking applications and an explanation of major failure reasons along with opportunities for their improvement.

Middleware for the SUNSAT field station

Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: SRMA currently used on the SUNSAT field station is an effective MAC layer protocol but lacks several features. Sufficient support for flexible communication, acknowledgement of individual data packets, simultaneous communication of multiple instances from a higher layer over a single underlying layer, and a robust FTP procedure to transfer large amounts of data are some of the features that the SUNSA T field station should cater for. ORBCOMM, GSM and WAP implementations are discussed. Some features from these implementations that are useful in the LEO communication environment are designed into an additional layer of software. This additional layer, called middleware, is proposed and uses SRMA services to deliver store-and-forward services. It supports high volumes of short transactions and session suspend and resume facilities between the SUNSA T satellite and field station. Keywords: SUNSAT, Communication, Field station, WAP, GSM, ORBCOMMAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die SRMA pakketkommunikasie-protokol op SUNSA T se prototipe grondterminaal is voldoende om die oordrag van boodskappe oor die kommunikasieverbinding te reguleer. Dit is onvoldoende om fasiliteite soos kommunikasie van 'n aantal instansies in 'n hoër kommunikasie laag oor 'n enkele laer laag en om 'n robuuste data oordrag protokol vir groot hoeveelhede data van 'n grondterminaal te ondersteun. ORBCOMM, GSM en WAP stelsel toepassings word bespreek. Resultate wat spruit uit die drie toepassings word gebruik om kommunikasie in 'n lae wentelbaan kommunikasie omgewing te bevorder. 'n Bykomende sagteware laag, bekend as middle-ware, word aanbeveel om voorafgenoemde funksionaliteit mee te implimenteer. Die middle-ware gebruik die beskikbare dienste van die SRMA pakketkommunikasie-protokol om toegang te verkry na die kommunikasie kanaal. Sodoende kan hoë volumes kort transaksies, en sessie-stop en hervat fasiliteite 'n werklikheid gemaak word. Sleutelwoord: SUNS AT, Kommunikasie, grondterminaal, WAP, GSM, ORBCOM

Mobile telecommunication networks and mobile commerce : towards its applications in chinese market

La télécommunication mobile connecte les personnes de n'importe où à tout moment. La transmission de la voix et des données à travers les réseaux de télécommunication mobile permet d'envoyer des informations et de diriger des transactions d'une manière nouvelle. Cela crée un nouveau domaine d'affaires qui s'appelle du commerce mobile, une affaire étendue basée sur l'Internet avec de nombreux des caractéristiques uniques ajoutés. Comme un soutien fondamental du plate-forme, les réseaux de la télécommunication mobile joue un rôle essentiel dans le commerce mobile. Leurs caractéristiques techniques et le déploiement déterminent l'essence pour le commerce mobile. Dans cette mémoire, nous étudions et présentons les caractéristiques techniques des technologies communications mobiles du réseau 1G à 3G et au-delà. Nous étudions également les technologies WLAN et WAP qui sont courantes dans le commerce mobile en Chine et dans le monde. Le commerce mobile est en train de se développer, le nombre d'utilisateurs de téléphones mobiles sont de plus en plus en Chine et dans ce monde. Les utilisateurs mobiles énormes en Chine ainsi que la maturité des technologies 3G affichent un fort potentiel pour offrir et d'adopter plus les nouveaux services mobiles. Après réviser l'évolution du commerce mobile et l'histoire du succès i-mode au Japon, nous nous concentrons sur le mobile du marché chinois de manière à découvrir son marché, l'infrastructure du réseau mobile, et le modèle d'affaires. Fondé sur la base de notre enquête sur le commerce mobile chinois, nous présentons, selon notre jugement, les services mobiles et des applications que sont convenables pour la Chine. Parmi eux, nous pensons qu'il y a la tendance sur les services basés sur la localisation et services orientées de l'architectures. Cette tendance peut attirer plus d'attention à offrir de nouveaux services. En plus, elle peut offrir des services d'intégration et de personnalisation qui viennent de fournisseurs de services mobiles et des utilisateurs finaux. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Gestion intégrée et écosystémique, Principe de précaution, Communication entre acteurs, Risques sur l'environnement et la santé