Multi-objective global optimization of grillage-type engineering structures using advanced metaheuristics

The purpose of the paper is to present the method implemented for a global optimization of grillage-type pile foundations introducing two advanced metaheuristics: AAGA and AGADS. The suggested new optimization algorithm including the synergy of AAGA and AGADS demonstrates improved results comparing with former AGA and GADS. Compromise objective function to be minimized involves the maximum reactive force in piles and maximum bending moment in the connecting beams. The feasibility of a simple weighting technique for the objective function is proved by numerical investigation of objective function domain for several different topologies of foundations. Sizing problem of connecting beams is solved together with the optimization problem. The original finite element program was employed for solution of direct problem

Surrogate-Assisted Unified Optimization Framework for Investigating Marine Structural Design Under Information Uncertainty.

Structural decisions made in the early stages of marine systems design can have a large impact on future acquisition, maintenance and life-cycle costs. However, owing to the unique nature of early stage marine system design, these critical structure decisions are often made on the basis of incomplete information or knowledge about the design. When coupled with design optimization analysis, the complex, uncertain early stage design environment makes it very difficult to deliver a quantified trade-off analysis for decision making. This work presents a novel decision support method that integrates design optimization, high-fidelity analysis, and modeling of information uncertainty for early stage design and analysis. To support this method this dissertation improves the design optimization methods for marine structures by proposing several novel surrogate modeling techniques and strategies. The proposed work treats the uncertainties that are sourced from limited information in a non-statistical interval uncertainty form. This interval uncertainty is treated as an objective function in an optimization framework in order to explore the impact of information uncertainty on structural design performance. In this examination, the potential structural weight penalty regarding information uncertainty can be quickly identified in early stage, avoiding costly redesign later in the design. This dissertation then continues to explore a balanced computational structure between fidelity and efficiency. A proposed novel variable fidelity approach can be applied to wisely allocate expensive high-fidelity computational simulations. In achieving the proposed capabilities for design optimization, several surrogate modeling methods are developed concerning worst-case estimation, clustered multiple meta-modeling, and mixed variable modeling techniques. These surrogate methods have been demonstrated to significantly improve the efficiency of optimizer in dealing with the challenges of early stage marine structure design.PhDNaval Architecture and Marine EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133365/1/yanliuch_1.pd

A knowledge-based engineering tool for aiding in the conceptual design of composite yachts

Proposed in this thesis is a methodology to enable yacht designers to develop innovative structural concepts, even when the loads experienced by the yacht are highly uncertain, and has been implemented in sufficient detail to confirm the feasibility of this new approach. The new approach is required because today's yachts are generally lighter, getting larger and going faster. The question arises as to how far the design envelope can be pushed with the highly uncertain loads experienced by the structure? What are the effects of this uncertainty and what trade-offs in the structural design will best meet the overall design objectives? The new approach provides yacht designers with a means of developing innovative structural solutions that accommodate high levels of uncertainty, but still focus on best meeting design objectives constrained by trade-offs in weight, safety and cost. The designer's preferences have a large, and not always intuitive, influence on the necessary design trade-offs. This in turn invites research into ways to formally integrate decision algorithms into knowledge-based design systems. A lean and robust design system has been achieved by developing a set of tools which are blanketed by a fuzzy decision algorithm. The underlying tool set includes costing, material optimisation and safety analysis. Central to this is the innovative way in which the system allows non-discrete variables to be utilized along with new subjective measures of structural reliability based on load path algorithms and topological (shape) optimisation. The originality in this work is the development of a knowledge-based framework and methodology that uses a fuzzy decision making tool to navigate through a design space and address trade-offs between high level objectives when faced with limited design detail and uncertainty. In so doing, this work introduces the use of topological optimisation and load path theory to the structural design of yachts as a means of overcoming the historical focus of knowledge-based systems and to ensure that innovative solutions can still evolve. A sensitivity analysis is also presented which can quantify a design's robustness in a system that focuses on a global approach to the measurement of objectives such as cost, weight and safety. Results from the application of this system show new and innovative structural solutions evolving that take into account the designers preferences regarding cost, weight and safety while accommodating uncertain parameters such as the loading experienced by the hull

Advances in Evolutionary Algorithms

With the recent trends towards massive data sets and significant computational power, combined with evolutionary algorithmic advances evolutionary computation is becoming much more relevant to practice. Aim of the book is to present recent improvements, innovative ideas and concepts in a part of a huge EA field

Process analysis and improvments for production of engineered wood structures in an engineer-to-order system

Augmenter la part de marché du bois dans la construction non résidentielle est un objectif important dans les pays où les produits forestiers et de bois d'ingénierie jouent un rôle fondamental. Afin de faciliter la production de structures en bois innovantes, il est nécessaire de mettre sur pied des procédures de réingénierie en termes d’analyse de marché et d’amélioration de la productivité. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de faciliter la production de bois d'ingénierie (produits en lamellé-collé) destiné à être utilisé dans des structures en bois innovantes telles que les résilles en bois. Pour atteindre ce but, trois objectifs spécifiques sont définis. Le premier objectif est de déterminer les phases de production et les opportunités de marché pour la production de résilles en bois. À cet égard, une revue de la littérature académique et de la littérature grise a été réalisée, et vingt échantillons ont été identifiés et analysés à l'aide de diagrammes de processus et de catégorisations. Les résultats ont montré qu’une structure en résille de bois est utilisée dans l'industrie de la construction en Europe et qu'elle est moins connue en Amérique du Nord, ce qui offre une opportunité de marché pour sa production et sa construction. La catégorisation des échantillons étudiés dans les petites, moyennes et grandes structures et l'identification des acteurs pour chaque catégorie fournissent une vue d'ensemble pour les entreprises qui envisagent la production de cette structure. Le deuxième objectif de cette thèse est de fournir un modèle de simulation pour la production de bois lamellé-collé dans de petites usines et le processus d'application de techniques Lean pour apporter des améliorations. À cet égard, le système de production d’une entreprise québécoise a été analysé et un modèle de simulation créé. Afin d'éliminer chaque source de gaspillage, un outil Lean a été suggéré en fonction de la réalité du système à l’étude. Les résultats ont montré une amélioration notable du temps d’attente et de cycle suite à l’utilisation de techniques issues du Lean. Ils ont également contribué à souligner qu’une élimination du gaspillage limitée à 50% pouvait améliorer la considérablement la productivité pour les petites entreprises et s’avérer un premier pas important dans l’implantation du Lean. Le troisième objectif est de fournir un outil de planification et d'ordonnancement de la production dans un contexte de production multi-projets d’ingénierie sur commande (Engineer-to-Order) de bois lamellé-collé. À cet égard, des modèles d'optimisation ont été créés. Le premier modèle (modèle 1) concerne la minimisation du coût de production total, tandis que le modèle 2 vise la minimisation de la durée totale des projets. Le modèle 3 cherche plutôt à réduire le temps de mise en route sur la presse, le poste goulot du système de production considéré. Le modèle 4 intègre les trois objectifs de réduction des coûts, de durée et de temps de mise en route. Deux scénarios d’ajout de projets de grande et de moyenne envergure ont été conçus et testés. Le test des scénarios démontre qu'il y a une capacité suffisante pour l’ajout d’un projet de grande envergure ou de neuf projets de taille moyenne sans recourir à la sous-traitance. L'ajout d'un projet de grande envergure est plus sensible à la période d'insertion, pouvant exiger du temps supplémentaire selon la date de début du projet. Les travaux de cette thèse permettent donc de fournir des outils d'aide à la décision pour les entreprises œuvrant dans un milieu d'ingénierie sur commande afin d'améliorer leur productivité et la standardisation de leurs processus.Increasing the share of wood in non-residential construction is an important goal in countries with major forest and engineered wood products. In order to facilitate the production of innovative timber structures, procedures should be re-engineered in terms of market analysis and productivity improvement. The main objective of this thesis is to facilitate the production of engineered wood to be used in innovative wood structures such as timber gridshell. To achieve this goal, three specific objectives are defined. The first objective is to determine production phases and market opportunities for the production of timber gridshell. In this regard, a review of the academic and grey literature was conducted, and twenty samples were identified and analysed by making process charts and categorisations. The results showed that gridshell is used in the construction industry in Europe and is less recognised in North America, which provides a market opportunity for its production and construction. The categorisation of studied samples in small, medium and large structures provides an overview for the companies who consider the production of this structure. The second objective of this thesis is to provide a simulation model for the production of glued laminated timber in small factories and the process of applying lean techniques to make improvements. In this regard, the production system of a Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) was analysed, and a simulation model was created. In order to eliminate each source of waste, a lean tool was suggested according to the reality of the system under investigation. The lean methods were applied in the simulation model to analyse the potential improvements. Results showed a noticeable improvement in waiting and cycle time. It also showed that applying even 50% elimination of the wastes is also a considerable solution to improve productivity as a beginning step for SMEs. The third objective is to provide a production planning and scheduling tool in the context of multi-project engineer-to-order production of glued laminated timber. In this regard, optimisation models were created. The first model (model 1) concerns the minimisation of total production cost while model 2 aims to minimise projects’ makespan. Model 3 introduces the set-up time reduction and model 4 integrates the three objectives of minimising cost, makespan and set-up time. Two scenarios of adding complex and medium projects were designed and tested. Testing the scenarios showed that there is enough capacity for adding one complex project or nine medium projects without the need to outsource. Adding a complex project is more sensitive to the insertion period and beginning the project in different weeks leads to different results in terms of the overtime requirement. As a result, the work of this thesis provides decision support tools for engineer-to-order environments which could help SMEs to improve their productivity and standardisation.Résumé en espagno

Process analysis and improvments for production of engineered wood structures in an engineer-to-order system

Augmenter la part de marché du bois dans la construction non résidentielle est un objectif important dans les pays où les produits forestiers et de bois d'ingénierie jouent un rôle fondamental. Afin de faciliter la production de structures en bois innovantes, il est nécessaire de mettre sur pied des procédures de réingénierie en termes d’analyse de marché et d’amélioration de la productivité. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de faciliter la production de bois d'ingénierie (produits en lamellé-collé) destiné à être utilisé dans des structures en bois innovantes telles que les résilles en bois. Pour atteindre ce but, trois objectifs spécifiques sont définis. Le premier objectif est de déterminer les phases de production et les opportunités de marché pour la production de résilles en bois. À cet égard, une revue de la littérature académique et de la littérature grise a été réalisée, et vingt échantillons ont été identifiés et analysés à l'aide de diagrammes de processus et de catégorisations. Les résultats ont montré qu’une structure en résille de bois est utilisée dans l'industrie de la construction en Europe et qu'elle est moins connue en Amérique du Nord, ce qui offre une opportunité de marché pour sa production et sa construction. La catégorisation des échantillons étudiés dans les petites, moyennes et grandes structures et l'identification des acteurs pour chaque catégorie fournissent une vue d'ensemble pour les entreprises qui envisagent la production de cette structure. Le deuxième objectif de cette thèse est de fournir un modèle de simulation pour la production de bois lamellé-collé dans de petites usines et le processus d'application de techniques Lean pour apporter des améliorations. À cet égard, le système de production d’une entreprise québécoise a été analysé et un modèle de simulation créé. Afin d'éliminer chaque source de gaspillage, un outil Lean a été suggéré en fonction de la réalité du système à l’étude. Les résultats ont montré une amélioration notable du temps d’attente et de cycle suite à l’utilisation de techniques issues du Lean. Ils ont également contribué à souligner qu’une élimination du gaspillage limitée à 50% pouvait améliorer la considérablement la productivité pour les petites entreprises et s’avérer un premier pas important dans l’implantation du Lean. Le troisième objectif est de fournir un outil de planification et d'ordonnancement de la production dans un contexte de production multi-projets d’ingénierie sur commande (Engineer-to-Order) de bois lamellé-collé. À cet égard, des modèles d'optimisation ont été créés. Le premier modèle (modèle 1) concerne la minimisation du coût de production total, tandis que le modèle 2 vise la minimisation de la durée totale des projets. Le modèle 3 cherche plutôt à réduire le temps de mise en route sur la presse, le poste goulot du système de production considéré. Le modèle 4 intègre les trois objectifs de réduction des coûts, de durée et de temps de mise en route. Deux scénarios d’ajout de projets de grande et de moyenne envergure ont été conçus et testés. Le test des scénarios démontre qu'il y a une capacité suffisante pour l’ajout d’un projet de grande envergure ou de neuf projets de taille moyenne sans recourir à la sous-traitance. L'ajout d'un projet de grande envergure est plus sensible à la période d'insertion, pouvant exiger du temps supplémentaire selon la date de début du projet. Les travaux de cette thèse permettent donc de fournir des outils d'aide à la décision pour les entreprises œuvrant dans un milieu d'ingénierie sur commande afin d'améliorer leur productivité et la standardisation de leurs processus.Increasing the share of wood in non-residential construction is an important goal in countries with major forest and engineered wood products. In order to facilitate the production of innovative timber structures, procedures should be re-engineered in terms of market analysis and productivity improvement. The main objective of this thesis is to facilitate the production of engineered wood to be used in innovative wood structures such as timber gridshell. To achieve this goal, three specific objectives are defined. The first objective is to determine production phases and market opportunities for the production of timber gridshell. In this regard, a review of the academic and grey literature was conducted, and twenty samples were identified and analysed by making process charts and categorisations. The results showed that gridshell is used in the construction industry in Europe and is less recognised in North America, which provides a market opportunity for its production and construction. The categorisation of studied samples in small, medium and large structures provides an overview for the companies who consider the production of this structure. The second objective of this thesis is to provide a simulation model for the production of glued laminated timber in small factories and the process of applying lean techniques to make improvements. In this regard, the production system of a Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) was analysed, and a simulation model was created. In order to eliminate each source of waste, a lean tool was suggested according to the reality of the system under investigation. The lean methods were applied in the simulation model to analyse the potential improvements. Results showed a noticeable improvement in waiting and cycle time. It also showed that applying even 50% elimination of the wastes is also a considerable solution to improve productivity as a beginning step for SMEs. The third objective is to provide a production planning and scheduling tool in the context of multi-project engineer-to-order production of glued laminated timber. In this regard, optimisation models were created. The first model (model 1) concerns the minimisation of total production cost while model 2 aims to minimise projects’ makespan. Model 3 introduces the set-up time reduction and model 4 integrates the three objectives of minimising cost, makespan and set-up time. Two scenarios of adding complex and medium projects were designed and tested. Testing the scenarios showed that there is enough capacity for adding one complex project or nine medium projects without the need to outsource. Adding a complex project is more sensitive to the insertion period and beginning the project in different weeks leads to different results in terms of the overtime requirement. As a result, the work of this thesis provides decision support tools for engineer-to-order environments which could help SMEs to improve their productivity and standardisation

Assessing the suitability of ship design for human factors issues associated with evacuation and normal operations

Evaluating ship layout for human factors (HF) issues using simulation software such as maritimeEXODUS can be a long and complex process. The analysis requires the identification of relevant evaluation scenarios; encompassing evacuation and normal operations; the development of appropriate measures which can be used to gauge the performance of crew and vessel and finally; the interpretation of considerable simulation data. In this paper we present a systematic and transparent methodology for assessing the HF performance of ship design which is both discriminating and diagnostic. The methodology is demonstrated using two variants of a hypothetical naval ship

Optimized task scheduling based on hybrid symbiotic organisms search algorithms for cloud computing environment

In Cloud Computing model, users are charged according to the usage of resources and desired Quality of Service (QoS). Task scheduling algorithms are responsible for specifying adequate set of resources to execute user applications in the form of tasks, and schedule decisions of task scheduling algorithms are based on QoS requirements defined by the user. Task scheduling problem is an NP-Complete problem, due to the NP-Complete nature of task scheduling problems and huge search space presented by large scale problem instances, many of the existing solution algorithms incur high computational complexity and cannot effectively obtain global optimum solutions. Recently, Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) has been applied to various optimization problems and results obtained were found to be competitive with state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms. However, similar to the case other metaheuristic optimization algorithms, the efficiency of SOS algorithm deteriorates as the size of the search space increases. Moreover, SOS suffers from local optima entrapment and its static control parameters cannot maintain a balance between local and global search. In this study, Cooperative Coevolutionary Constrained Multiobjective Symbiotic Organisms Search (CC-CMSOS), Cooperative Coevolutionary Constrained Multi-objective Memetic Symbiotic Organisms Search (CC-CMMSOS), and Cooperative Coevolutionary Constrained Multi-objective Adaptive Benefit Factor Symbiotic Organisms Search (CC-CMABFSOS) algorithms are proposed to solve constrained multi-objective large scale task scheduling optimization problem on IaaS cloud computing environment. To address the issue of scalability, the concept of Cooperative Coevolutionary for enhancing SOS named CC-CMSOS make SOS more efficient for solving large scale task scheduling problems. CC-CMMSOS algorithm further improves the performance of SOS algorithm by hybridizing with Simulated Annealing (SA) to avoid entrapment in local optima for global convergence. Finally, CC-CMABFSOS algorithm adaptively turn SOS control parameters to balance the local and global search procedure for faster convergence speed. The performance of the proposed CC-CMSOS, CC-CMMSOS, and CC-CMABFSOS algorithms are evaluated on CloudSim simulator, using both standard workload traces and synthesized workloads for larger problem instances of up to 5000. Moreover, CC-CMSOS, CC-CMMSOS, and CC-CMABFSOS algorithms are compared with multi-objective optimization algorithms, namely, EMS-C, ECMSMOO, and BOGA. The CC-CMSOS, CC-CMMSOS, and CC-CMABFSOS algorithms obtained significant improved optimal trade-offs between execution time (makespan) and financial cost (cost) while meeting deadline constraints with no computational overhead. The performance improvements obtained by the proposed algorithms in terms of hypervolume ranges from 8.72% to 37.95% across the workloads. Therefore, the proposed algorithms have potentials to improve the performance of QoS delivery

Surrogate models to unlock the optimal design of stiffened panels accounting for ultimate strength reduction due to welding residual stress

In this paper, for the first time, a three-step approach for the optimal design of stiffened panels accounting for the ultimate limit state due to welding residual stress is developed. First, authors rely on state-of-the-art analytical approaches coupled with recently data-driven nonlinear finite element methods surrogates characterized by functional which are computationally expensive to build but computationally inexpensive to use. Then, surrogates are used within a design optimization loop to find new optimal designs since nonlinear finite element methods are too computationally demanding for this purpose. Finally, the new designs are reassessed with the original nonlinear finite element methods to verify that substituting them with their surrogates in the optimization loop actually leads to better designs. Results obtained optimizing a series of parameters of a commonly used stiffened panel geometry under different scenarios will support the authors’ novel approach

Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm: theory, recent advances and applications

The symbiotic organisms search algorithm is a very promising recent metaheuristic algorithm. It has received a plethora of attention from all areas of numerical optimization research, as well as engineering design practices. it has since undergone several modifications, either in the form of hybridization or as some other improved variants of the original algorithm. However, despite all the remarkable achievements and rapidly expanding body of literature regarding the symbiotic organisms search algorithm within its short appearance in the field of swarm intelligence optimization techniques, there has been no collective and comprehensive study on the success of the various implementations of this algorithm. As a way forward, this paper provides an overview of the research conducted on symbiotic organisms search algorithms from inception to the time of writing, in the form of details of various application scenarios with variants and hybrid implementations, and suggestions for future research directions