Effects on quality of life, anti-cancer responses, breast conserving surgery and survival with neoadjuvant docetaxel: a randomised study of sequential weekly versus three-weekly docetaxel following neoadjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in women with primary breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Weekly docetaxel has occasionally been used in the neoadjuvant to downstage breast cancer to reduce toxicity and possibly enhance quality of life. However, no studies have compared the standard three weekly regimen to the weekly regimen in terms of quality of life. The primary aim of our study was to compare the effects on QoL of weekly versus 3-weekly sequential neoadjuvant docetaxel. Secondary aims were to determine the clinical and pathological responses, incidence of Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS), Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eighty-nine patients receiving four cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide were randomised to receive twelve cycles of weekly docetaxel (33 mg/m²) or four cycles of 3-weekly docetaxel (100 mg/m²). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast and psychosocial questionnaires were completed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>At a median follow-up of 71.5 months, there was no difference in the Trial Outcome Index scores between treatment groups. During weekly docetaxel, patients experienced less constipation, nail problems, neuropathy, tiredness, distress, depressed mood, and unhappiness. There were no differences in overall clinical response (93% vs. 90%), pathological complete response (20% vs. 27%), and breast-conserving surgery (BCS) rates (49% vs. 42%). Disease-free survival and overall survival were similar between treatment groups.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Weekly docetaxel is well-tolerated and has less distressing side-effects, without compromising therapeutic responses, Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS) or survival outcomes in the neoadjuvant setting.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>ISRCTN: <a href="http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN09184069">ISRCTN09184069</a></p

Propriedades homológicas de finitude

Orientador: Dessislava Hristova KochloukovaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação CientíficaResumo: Consideramos problemas nas teorias de grupos discretos, álgebras de Lie e grupos pro-p. Apresentamos resultados relacionados sobretudo a propriedades homológicas de finitude de tais estruturas algébricas. Primeiramente, discutimos Sigma-invariantes de produtos entrelaçados de grupos discretos. Descrevemos completamente o invariante Sigma1, relacionado à herança por subgrupos da propriedade de ser finitamente gerado, e descrevemos parcialmente o invariante Sigma2, relacionado à herança por subgrupos da propriedade de admitir uma apresentação finita. Aplicamos tais resultados ao estudo de números de Reidemeister de isomorfismos de certos produtos entrelaçados. Na sequência definimos e estudamos uma versão da construção de comutatividade fraca de Sidki na categoria de álgebras de Lie sobre um corpo de característica diferente de dois. Tal construção pode ser vista como um funtor que recebe uma álgebra de Lie g e retorna um certo quociente chi(g) da soma livre de duas cópias isomorfas de g. Demonstramos resultados sobre a preservação de certas propriedades algébricas por tal funtor e mostramos que o multiplicador de Schur de g é um subquociente de chi(g). Mostramos em particular que, para uma álgebra de Lie livre g de posto ao menos três, chi(g) é finitamente apresentável mas não é de tipo FP3 , e tem dimensão cohomológica infinita. Por fim, consideramos também uma versão da construção de comutatividade fraca na categoria de grupos pro-p para um número primo fixado p. Mostramos que tal construção também preserva diversas propriedades algébricas, como ocorre nos casos de grupos discretos e álgebras de Lie. Para tanto estudamos também produtos subdiretos de grupos pro-p; em particular demonstramos uma versão do Teorema (n ? 1) ? n ? (n + 1)Abstract: We consider problems in the theories of discrete groups, Lie algebras, and pro-p groups. We present results related mainly to homological finiteness properties of such algebraic structures. First, we discuss Sigma-invariants of wreath products of discrete groups. We give a complete description of the Sigma1-invariant, which is related to the inheritance of the property of being finitely generated by subgroups. We also describe partially the invariant Sigma2, which is related to the inheritance of finite presentability by subgroups. We apply such results in the study of Reidemeister numbers of isomorphisms of certain wreath products. Then we define and study a version of Sidki¿s weak commutativity construction in the category of Lie algebras over a field whose characteristic is not two. Such construction can be seen as a functor that receives a Lie algebra g and returns a certain quotient chi(g) of the free sum of two isomorphic copies of g. We prove some results on the preservation of certain algebraic properties by this functor, and we show that the Schur multiplier of g is a subquotient of chi(g). We show in particular that, for a free Lie algebra g with at least three free generators, chi(g) is finitely presentable but not of type FP3 , and has infinite cohomological dimension. Finally, we also consider a version of the weak commutativity construction in the category of pro-p groups for a fixed prime number p. We show that such construction also preserves several algebraic properties, as occurs in the cases of discrete groups and Lie algebras. To this end, we also study subdirect products of pro-p groups. In particular we prove a version of the (n ? 1) ? n ? (n + 1) TheoremDoutoradoMatematicaDoutor em Matemática2015/22064-6; 2016/24778-9FAPES

Essential cohomology and relative cohomology of finite groups

Ankara : Department of Mathematics and the Institute of Engineering and Sciences of Bilkent University, 2009.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Bilkent University, 2009.Includes bibliographical references leaves 85-89.In this thesis, we study mod-p essential cohomology of finite p-groups. One of the most important problems on essential cohomology of finite p-groups is finding a group theoretic characterization of p-groups whose essential cohomology is non-zero. This is an open problem introduced in [22]. We relate this problem to relative cohomology. Using relative cohomology with respect to the collection of maximal subgroups of the group, we define relative essential cohomology. We prove that the relative essential cohomology lies in the ideal generated by the essential classes which are the inflations of the essential classes of an elementary abelian p-group. To determine the relative essential cohomology, we calculate the essential cohomology of an elementary abelian p-group. We give a complete treatment of the module structure of it over a certain polynomial subalgebra. Moreover we determine the ideal structure completely. In [17], Carlson conjectures that the essential cohomology of a finite group is finitely generated and is free over a certain polynomial subalgebra. We also prove that Carlson’s conjecture is true for elementary abelian p-groups. Finally, we define inflated essential cohomology and in the case p > 2, we prove that for non-abelian p-groups of exponent p, inflated essential cohomology is zero. This also shows that for those groups, relative essential cohomology is zero. This result gives a partial answer to a particular case of the open problem in [22].Aksu, Fatma AltunbulakPh.D

Knapsack Problems in Groups

We generalize the classical knapsack and subset sum problems to arbitrary groups and study the computational complexity of these new problems. We show that these problems, as well as the bounded submonoid membership problem, are P-time decidable in hyperbolic groups and give various examples of finitely presented groups where the subset sum problem is NP-complete.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure

Knapsack problems in products of groups

The classic knapsack and related problems have natural generalizations to arbitrary (non-commutative) groups, collectively called knapsack-type problems in groups. We study the effect of free and direct products on their time complexity. We show that free products in certain sense preserve time complexity of knapsack-type problems, while direct products may amplify it. Our methods allow to obtain complexity results for rational subset membership problem in amalgamated free products over finite subgroups.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Updated to include more general results, mostly in Section