Efecto del estrés por calor en el desarrollo de una maniobra de vuelo

It has been reported that the decrease in performance of airplane pilots, due to extreme work conditions, could potentially lead to an accident. Additionally, exposure to heat conditions has been linked to increased accident rates. The objective of this experimental study was to examine the influence of temperature (21°C and 35°C) and the maneuver complexity, in the pilots’ performance, measured by the time spent to complete a maneuver, using a Static Flight Driving Device simulator. We used an experimental design with ten () professional pilots who had an average flight experience of 420 hours. The results obtained show that there is an effect of both, temperature and the maneuver difficulty, in the time needed to complete a flight maneuver. Maneuvers that are more complex  or expose pilots to heat , increase the time to complete a maneuver. Even though the interaction term had a p-value of 0.103, what was seen in the experiment suggest that the temperature has a bigger effect when the maneuver is considered difficult.Se ha reportado que la disminución en el rendimiento del desempeño de pilotos de aeronave, a causa de condiciones extremas de trabajo, podría conllevar a que ocurra un accidente. Además, se ha demostrado la relación entre la exposición al calor y la ocurrencia de accidentes. El presente estudio experimental tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de la temperatura (21°C y 35°C) y la complejidad, en el desempeño de los pilotos de vuelo, medido como el tiempo de realización de, empleando un simulador de vuelo estático. Se utilizó un diseño experimental con diez  pilotos profesionales de aviación con una experiencia de vuelo promedio de 420 horas. Los resultados obtenidos, demuestran la influencia de la temperatura  y la complejidad  en el tiempo de desarrollo de las maniobras. Aunque el valor p de la interacción fue de 0,013, lo observado en el experimento sugiere que la temperatura tiene una influencia mayor en los pilotos cuando la maniobra es considerada difícil. &nbsp

Efecto del estrés por calor en el desarrollo de una maniobra de vuelo

It has been reported that the decrease in performance of airplane pilots, due to extreme work conditions, could potentially lead to an accident. Additionally, exposure to heat conditions has been linked to increased accident rates. The objective of this experimental study was to examine the influence of temperature (21°C and 35°C) and the maneuver complexity, in the pilots’ performance, measured by the time spent to complete a maneuver, using a Static Flight Driving Device simulator. We used an experimental design with ten () professional pilots who had an average flight experience of 420 hours. The results obtained show that there is an effect of both, temperature and the maneuver difficulty, in the time needed to complete a flight maneuver. Maneuvers that are more complex  or expose pilots to heat , increase the time to complete a maneuver. Even though the interaction term had a p-value of 0.103, what was seen in the experiment suggest that the temperature has a bigger effect when the maneuver is considered difficult.Se ha reportado que la disminución en el rendimiento del desempeño de pilotos de aeronave, a causa de condiciones extremas de trabajo, podría conllevar a que ocurra un accidente. Además, se ha demostrado la relación entre la exposición al calor y la ocurrencia de accidentes. El presente estudio experimental tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de la temperatura (21°C y 35°C) y la complejidad, en el desempeño de los pilotos de vuelo, medido como el tiempo de realización de, empleando un simulador de vuelo estático. Se utilizó un diseño experimental con diez  pilotos profesionales de aviación con una experiencia de vuelo promedio de 420 horas. Los resultados obtenidos, demuestran la influencia de la temperatura  y la complejidad  en el tiempo de desarrollo de las maniobras. Aunque el valor p de la interacción fue de 0,013, lo observado en el experimento sugiere que la temperatura tiene una influencia mayor en los pilotos cuando la maniobra es considerada difícil. &nbsp

Enhancing Pilot Training Through Virtual Reality: Recognizing and Mitigating Aviation Visual and Vestibular Illusions

Aviation illusions, arising from sensory misinterpretations, can lead to critical pilot errors. The study aims to evaluate VR training\u27s efficacy in recognizing and managing these illusions. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) subject matter experts and the Extended Reality Lab developed the Virtual Reality Aviation Illusion Trainer (VRAIT) software program to provide users a complete VR experience and training on visual and vestibular illusions. This study investigated the effectiveness of integrating virtual reality (VR) technology in pilot training, focusing on the VRAIT motion-based visual and vestibular illusion training. Conducted with participants from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, the research assesses pre-training and post-training knowledge scores and self-efficacy. Motion-based VR training significantly improved knowledge and self-efficacy scores. Pre-training knowledge scores (M = 64.36, SD = 12.71) increase to post-training scores (M = 79.41, SD = 15.02), indicating significant knowledge enhancement (t(214) = -12.433, p \u3c .001). Similarly, pre-training self-efficacy scores (M = 5.50, SD = 2.01) significantly increased to post-training scores (M = 8.31, SD = 1.55), highlighting self-efficacy improvements (t(214) = -17.712, p \u3c .001). Participants experienced minimal simulator sickness, suggesting a well-tolerated training duration and sequence. Additionally, participants reported a high level of enjoyment and technological satisfaction with the training. The study contributes to VR training methodologies, emphasizing the potential of motion-based VR training to enhance aviation education. This research demonstrated that motion-based VR training effectively enhanced pilot knowledge and self-efficacy in recognizing and managing aviation illusions. The findings underscore VR\u27s potential in enhancing visual and vestibular illusion training outcomes

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and the Built Environment

© 2020, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. All rights reserved. Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) are often connected to the development of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease commonly found in athletes, military veterans, and others that have a history of repetitive brain trauma. This formative exploratory study looked at person-centred design techniques for a person with CTE. The person-centred design method used for this study was based on a two-tiered reductionist approach; the first tier was to identify common symptoms and concerns associated with CTE from the literature. This information provided specific symptoms that were addressed through brainstorming ideations. Each singular ideation accommodated the singular, or small cluster of symptoms, that affected a person with CTE in a residential environment. This method of understanding a health condition through its symptoms, and then designing for those symptoms can extend the practice of interior design by providing probable solutions to specific health symptoms, thereby including designers into the healthcare team. Commonly identified behavioural and physical symptoms of CTE served as the factors of analysis and thus a variable of design. The health condition symptoms became the variables of design, and each symptom was assessed through additional data obtained from the literature for environmental causality, mitigation, or accommodation. Once the outcomes were determined, each design implication was assessed for its relationship to specific design actions

Hypoxic acclimatization training improves the resistance to motion sickness

ObjectiveVestibular provocation is one of the main causes of flight illusions, and its occurrence is closely related to the susceptibility of motion sickness (MS). However, existing training programs have limited effect in improving the resistance to motion sickness. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia acclimatization training (HAT) on the resistance to motion sickness.MethodsHealthy military college students were identified as subjects according to the criteria. MS model was induced by a rotary chair. Experimental groups included control, HAT, 3D roller training (3DRT), and combined training.ResultsThe Graybiel scores were decreased in the HAT group and the 3DRT group and further decreased in the combined training group in MS induced by the rotary chair. Participants had a significant increase in blood pressure after the rotary chair test and a significant increase in the heart rate during the rotary chair test, but these changes disappeared in all three training groups. Additionally, LFn was increased, HFn was decreased, and LF/HF was increased accordingly during the rotary chair test in the control group, but the changes of these three parameters were completely opposite in the three training groups during the rotary chair test. Compared with the control group, the decreasing changes in pupillary contraction velocity (PCV) and pupillary minimum diameter (PMD) of the three training groups were smaller. In particular, the binocular PCV changes were further attenuated in the combined training group.ConclusionOur research provides a possible candidate solution for training military pilots in the resistance to motion sickness

Impact of visual illusions in sport performance: a study on Delboeuf illusion in shooting sports

openLa tesi ha l'obiettivo di indagare l'impatto della Delboeuf illusion nei compiti di mira, in particolare nel tiro a segno. Partendo da una rassegna della letteratura riguardante le illusioni ottiche nello sport è stata sviluppata un'ipotesi su un possibile effetto dell'illusione di Delbouef nella performance dei tiratori. La tesi, in particolare, si suddividerà in tre parti: una prima riguardante la letteratura attualmente presente sull'impatto delle illusioni nella vita quotidiana, mentre la seconda si concentrerà sull'impatto delle illusioni nella performance sportiva. Infine la terza ed ultima parte riguarderà lo studio al centro della trattazione e verranno esposti la metodologia di raccolta dei dati e la discussione dei risultati ottenuti

The Aviation Illusion-Situational Judgment Test: Development and Evaluation

Situational judgment tests (SJTs) are scenario-based assessments that evaluate an individual\u27s capacity to make key judgments relating to specific contexts. While SJTs are traditionally used for personal selection (e.g., managers, customer service personnel, and police officers), SJTs also demonstrate potential for use in training evaluation. One area of interest in aviation is aeronautical decision-making (ADM) during inflight encounters with aviation illusions. However, a gap in research exists regarding how to measure pilots’ capacity to make judgments about illusions during flight. This dissertation aimed to develop and validate an SJT that evaluates aeronautical decision-making (ADM) during inflight encounters with aviation illusions. The SJT developed from this dissertation, referred to as the Aviation-Illusion Situational Judgment Test (AI-SJT), tasked respondents with evaluating eight flight scenarios. The construction of each scenario centers around a specific illusion: Leans, Coriolis Illusion, Inversion Illusion, Elevator Illusion, False Horizon, Autokinesis, Runway Illusion, or the Black Hole Illusion. The AI-SJT was evaluated through factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Through these evaluations the AI-SJT was shown to be a reliable measure with indication of construct validity. Ultimately the AI-SJT resulted in an eight-item measure that assesses a pilot’s ability to identify ineffective responses to potential illusion encounters

Optical Illusions and Spatial Disorientation in Aviation Pilots

Optical illusions are involved in the perception of false or erroneous images which might involve disorientation. They occur by a discordance by the peripheral systems about the information captured and generally, resulting in pilots failure to recognize key signals. The aim of this study is to review the state of the art of spatial disorientation and optical illusions in aviation pilots. This kind of disorientation has important practical consequences, because a remarkable percentage of plane accidents are related to pilot’s optical illusions. An exhaustive review using pubmed and semantic scholar databases was conducted to find out the most frequent optical illusions in aviation pilots. A total of 45 full text articles published English or Spanish were reviewed. To our knowledge, this is the first study to review exhaustively and describe the main factors involved in spatial disorientation and optical illusions affecting aviation pilots. Mainly, contextual factors: width of landing track lights, nocturnal operations or low visibility, inclination of the landing track, decline of the ground, size of habitual references, low level approach on the water, black hole, sky/terrain confusion, distortion by climatic factors, autokinesis or autocinetics, optional investment illusion, illusions by vection, false horizon, rain on the windshield, misalignment in the approach, vibrations, somatogravic illusion, coriolis illusion and “G” forces. In a lesser extent, human factors and pathologies of the visual systems involved in spatial disorientation and associated optical illusions affecting aviation pilots are also described. Discussion. Practical implications are further discussed.Sin financiación2.415 JCR (2018) Q2, 12/26 Medical Informatics, 41/98 Health Care Sciences & Services0.565 SJR (2018) Q2, 104/941 Information Systems, 11/57 Health Information Management, 28/163 Health InformaticsNo data IDR 2018UE