Natural Language Processing in-and-for Design Research

We review the scholarly contributions that utilise Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to support the design process. Using a heuristic approach, we collected 223 articles published in 32 journals and within the period 1991-present. We present state-of-the-art NLP in-and-for design research by reviewing these articles according to the type of natural language text sources: internal reports, design concepts, discourse transcripts, technical publications, consumer opinions, and others. Upon summarizing and identifying the gaps in these contributions, we utilise an existing design innovation framework to identify the applications that are currently being supported by NLP. We then propose a few methodological and theoretical directions for future NLP in-and-for design research

Sistema para el apoyo al análisis de patentabilidad

Existe un interés por parte de las organizaciones en patentar sus resultados con el fin de proteger sus invenciones. Al realizar una solicitud de patente es necesario determinar si existen invenciones similares y qué tan novedosa es la invención presentada con respecto a otras. En este trabajo se propone una herramienta de software que soporta el análisis de las solicitudes de patentes con el fin disminuir el tiempo dedicado a su evaluación. La aproximación propuesta utiliza técnicas de diferentes áreas de las Ciencias de la Computación tales como la Web Semántica, el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural y la Minería de Texto.PregradoINGENIERO(A) DE SISTEMA

Bioinspired metaheuristic algorithms for global optimization

This paper presents concise comparison study of newly developed bioinspired algorithms for global optimization problems. Three different metaheuristic techniques, namely Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO), Firefly Algorithm (FA), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) are investigated and implemented in Matlab environment. These methods are compared on four unimodal and multimodal nonlinear functions in order to find global optimum values. Computational results indicate that GWO outperforms other intelligent techniques, and that all aforementioned algorithms can be successfully used for optimization of continuous functions

Experimental Evaluation of Growing and Pruning Hyper Basis Function Neural Networks Trained with Extended Information Filter

In this paper we test Extended Information Filter (EIF) for sequential training of Hyper Basis Function Neural Networks with growing and pruning ability (HBF-GP). The HBF neuron allows different scaling of input dimensions to provide better generalization property when dealing with complex nonlinear problems in engineering practice. The main intuition behind HBF is in generalization of Gaussian type of neuron that applies Mahalanobis-like distance as a distance metrics between input training sample and prototype vector. We exploit concept of neuron’s significance and allow growing and pruning of HBF neurons during sequential learning process. From engineer’s perspective, EIF is attractive for training of neural networks because it allows a designer to have scarce initial knowledge of the system/problem. Extensive experimental study shows that HBF neural network trained with EIF achieves same prediction error and compactness of network topology when compared to EKF, but without the need to know initial state uncertainty, which is its main advantage over EKF

SIPMO 2019

The biennial Congress of the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) is an International meeting dedicated to the growing diagnostic challenges in the oral pathology and medicine field. The III International and XV National edition will be a chance to discuss clinical conditions which are unusual, rare, or difficult to define. Many consolidated national and international research groups will be involved in the debate and discussion through special guest lecturers, academic dissertations, single clinical case presentations, posters, and degree thesis discussions. The SIPMO Congress took place from the 17th to the 19th of October 2019 in Bari (Italy), and the enclosed copy of Proceedings is a non-exhaustive collection of abstracts from the SIPMO 2019 contributions

Hiroshima University Research and Technology Guide 2012 Version : Life Science

I Life Science Development of Treatment Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Improve the Long Term Prognosis / Hiroshi AIKATA...2 Development of Revolutional Apatite-implant Complex with Simultaneous Bone Augmentation and Osseointegration / Yasumasa AKAGAWA...3 How Do Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Experience Memory Impairments? / Sawako ARAI...4 Development of New Therapies for Chronic Viral Hepatitis Using Human Hepatocyte Chimeric Mice / Kazuaki CHAYAMA...5 Identification of High Risk Patients to Develop a Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension / Yoshihiro DOHI...6 The Evaluation of the Intractable Chronic Pain in Psychosocial Factor and Specificity Symptom / Mitsuru DOI...7 A Versatile Modification of Physical Properties of Organic Materials by Introduction of Oxaalkyl Chains / Koichi FUKUHARA...8 Activin A Induces Craniofacial Tissue from Undifferentiated Xenopus Ectoderm in vitro / Yasuto FUKUI...9 Functional Analysis of Signal Complexes Containing Insulin Receptor Substrates (IRSs) / Toshiaki FUKUSHIMA...10 Changes in Interhemispheric Inhibition from the Active to Resting Primary Motor Cortex during a Fine-motor Manipulation Task / Kozo FUNASE...11 Creation of High Performance Host Yeast for the Production of Human-type Sphingolipids / Koichi FUNATO...12 Development of New Technologies for the Medicine Using the Chicken Antibodies / Shuichi FURUSAWA...13 Life Science Participation of Plasminogen Activator/Plasmin System in Cell-cell Adhesion and Invasive Growth of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells / Tomoaki HAMANA...14 Study on Activation of Salivary Secretory Function with Salivary Gland Massage / Kumiko HARA...15 New Defense System against Invasive Bacteria in Host Cells / Kae HARADA...16 Roles of P/Q Type Voltage-gated Calcium Channel in the Postnatal Development of Neuronal Circuits / Kouichi HASHIMOTO...17 Development of a Variety of Analysis Softwares for Magnetoencephalography / Akira HASHIZUME Part-time Lecturer 18 Genome-wide Profiles of the Core Clock Protein BMAL1 Target by Using Multiple High-throughputApproaches / Fumiyuki HATANAKA...19 Detection Method for Epilepsy Using 11C Flumazenil-PET / Toru HIGAKI...20 Development of the Washing-sterilizer by the Ordinary Pressure Superheated Steam Use / Takamune HINO...21 Functional Diagnosis of Cancers by the Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor / Takaaki HIRAGUN...22 Risk Management in Medical Practice / Tooru HIYAMA...23 Generation of Model Mice for Human Diseases and its Application for Development of Novel Therapies / Hiroaki HONDA...24 Cure Rate Improvement of Intractable Hematopoietic Malignancies by Transplantation / Hideo HYODO...25 An Electromagnetophysiological Study on Epileptogenic Zones and Epileptic Spikes UsingIntracranial Electroencephalography andMagnetoencephalography (MEG) in Epilepsy Surgery / Koji IIDA...26 Development of New Antiviral Therapy Using a Chimeric Mouse Human Hepatocytes Infected withHepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) / Michio IMAMURA...27 Functional Analysis of RSC Chromatin-Remodeling Complex in Budding Yeast / Yuko IMAMURA...28 Investigation of Interaction of Cancer Stem Cell to Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Oral Cancer / Yasutaka ISHIDA...29 A Study on the Architectural Planning on Children’s Home / Aya ISHIGAKI...30 Health Promotion and Prevention of Sports Injuries / Yoshimasa ISHII...31 Gene Expression Profiles of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: Identification of Disease-specific Diagnostic Markers and Molecular Therapeutic Targets / Nobuhisa ISHIKAWA...32 New Method for Gastric Cancer Screening by Serum Markers / Masanori ITO...33 Clarification of Signaling Pathway Controlling Breast Cancer / Takayuki KADOYA...34 Remarkable Factors Related to Preventing Relapse of Deciduous Anterior Crossbite / Yasutaka KAIHARA...35 Long-term Tooth Cryopreservation by Use of CAS Freezer / Masato KAKU...36 Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Regenerative Therapy / Masami KANAWA...37 Effect of Cholesterol and its Biosynthetic Precursors on the Cause of BRONJ / Taku KANDA...38 Research on Functions of a New Protein Regulating Energy Metabolism / Takashi KANEMATSU...39 Antibody Arrays for Parallel Analysis of Surface Marker Expression / Koichi KATO...40 Novel Functions of Silk Protein, Sericin / Norihisa KATO...41 Regenerative Medicine Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expanded with Serum-free Media / Yukio KATO...42 Physical Properties of Food Products and Biomaterials and Their Practical Application / Kiyoshi KAWAI...43 Regulation of Circadian Clock / Takeshi KAWAMOTO...44 Cell Cryopreservation / Toshitsugu KAWATA...45 Stroma-directed Molecular Targeted Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer / Yasuhiko KITADAI...46 Development of a Novel Screening and Evaluation System for Useful Peptides by Changing Peptide Utilization Machinery in Yeast / Kenji KITAMURA...47 Identification of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Gene Markers for Quality Control / Kazuko KITAYAMA...(NEDO Grant Contract) 48 Search for Novel Key Role Molecule of Pain Signaling / Tomoya KITAYAMA...49 Construction of the Tongue Pressure and the Lips Pressure Counting System Using a Superthin Pressure Sensor, and its Clinical Application / Myongsun KOH...50 Long-term Effects of Poison Gas Exposure on the Incidence of Respiratory Diseases / Nobuoki KOHNO...51 Utility of KL-6/MUC1 in the Clinical Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases / Nobuoki KOHNO...52 Development of Molecular Target Therapy to VEGF and VEGFR against Oral Cancer / Koichi KOIZUMI...53 Establishment of Standards for Dental Implant Removal with Resorption of Surrounding Bone / Katsunori KORETAKE...54 Molecular Cloning and Analysis of a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for the Anti-tubercular Agent D-cycloserine / Takanori KUMAGAI...55 Effects of Statin on Serum Fatty Acid Levels / Satoshi KURISU...56 Human Biomechanics Model and Product Usability Evaluation / Yuichi KURITA...57 Tactile and Haptic Models of Humans and Their Applications to Computer Interface / Yuichi KURITA...58 The Morphology and Function of Cells in the Body / Yoshisuke KUSUMOTO...59 Evaluation of the Usefulness of a New Electronic Device for Gingival Massage / Atsue MATSUMOTO...60 Discovery of Bioactive Compounds from Okinawa Subtropical Plants / Katsuyoshi MATSUNAMI...61 Structural and Functional Analysis of Three Enone Reductases from Nicotiana Tabacum / Akihito MATSUSHIMA...62 A Colored Frog Strain for Visual Identification of the Genetic Sex of Tadpole / Ikuo MIURA...63 Functional Analysis of the Gnathodiaphyseal Dysplasia Gene TMEM16E/GDD1 / Kuniko MIZUTA...64 Development of a Novel Kind of Radioprotectors That Inhibit Radiation-induced Cell Death / Akinori MORITA...65 Development of Chronic Disease Management Programs and the Care Delivery System / Michiko MORIYAMA...66 Application of Manufacturing Systems Technology to Dentistry / Takeshi MURAYAMA...67 Development of Protamine as a Protective Agent against Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity / Junya NAGAI...68 Modification of Plant Fundamental Metabolism by the Use of nMat1 Gene / Naoki NAKAGAWA...69 Biomechanical Function of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Remnants / Atsuo NAKAMAE...70 Effects of Knee Immobilization on Regeneration of the Semitendinosus Tendon and on the Proximal Shift of the Semitendinosus Muscle-tendon Junction after Hamstring Harvesting for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Evaluation Using Three-dimensional Computed Tomography / Atsuo NAKAMAE...71 Development of a New Objective Diagnostic Method for Detecting Motor and Sensory Disturbance Using Higher Brain Function Analysis / Kazuyoshi NAKANISHI...72 Risk Stratification for Brugada Syndrome / Yukiko NAKANO...73 Evaluation of Substance P Content in Biological Samples by Using a High Sensitivity Radioimmunoassay / Yoshihiro NAKATA...74 Simple and Visible Detection Method for Drug and Poison Analysis / Akira NAMERA...75 Yogurt Fermented by Lactobacillus Rhamunosus L8020, Reduce the Risks of Dental Caries, Periodontal Disease and Oral Candidosis / Hiroki NIKAWA...76 Genetic Relationships among Breeds Using Porcine Autosomal SNP Genotypes Using DNA Markers (SNPs) / Masahide NISHIBORI...77 Genetic Variant Associated with the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Japanese Chronic Hepatitis C Patients / Hidenori OCHI...78 Articular Cartilage Repair with Magnetically Labeled Mesenchymal Stem Cells and External Magnetic Device / Mitsuo OCHI...79 CX3CL1 Expression Induced by Candida Albicans in Oral Fibroblasts / Kouji OHTA...80 Statistical Analysis of Multidimensional Data of Complex Systems / Megu OHTAKI...81 Biodiversity and Ecology of Marine Symbionts and Parasites; Fisheries of Edible Zooplankters / Susumu OHTSUKA...82 Unite for Stroke / Toshiho OHTSUKI...83 Caries Incidence Associated with Streptococcus Mutans and S. Sobrinus in Children / Mitsugi OKADA...84 Upregulation of Notch2 and Six1 is Associated with Progression of Early-stage Lung Adenocarcinoma and a More Aggressive Phenotype at Advanced Stages / Morihito OKADA...85 Identification of Responsible Genes for Patients with Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis / Satoshi OKADA...86 Research Infrastructure for Conducting a Safe and Secure Cell Therapy Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Bone Marrow / Kosei OKAMOTO...87 Screening of Useful Materials from Unculturable Bacterial Metagenomes / Yoshiko OKAMURA...88 Assessment of the Safety Behavior in the Workplace / Yasumasa OTSUKA...89 Probabilistic Considerations on Eclosion and Copulation of Cicadas / Yasumasa SAISHO...90 Development of Method to Screen Novel Therapeutical Drugs for Neurodegenerative Disease Using Imaging Technique / Norio SAKAI...91 Evaluation of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas of Cavernous Sinus before and after Endovascular Treatment Using Time-resolved MR Angiography / Shigeyuki SAKAMOTO...92 Application of Thermally Stable Cytochrome c / Yoshihiro SAMBONGI...93 Prediction of Human Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Using Chimeric Mice with Humanized Liver / Seigo SANOH...94 Assessment of Trypsinogen-2 levels as an Early Diagnostic for Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis / Tamito SASAKI...95 Functional Model of Temporomandibular Joint / Takahiro SATODA...96 Functional Model of Swallowing / Takahiro SATODA...97 Statistical Data Analysis / Kenichi SATOH...98 Statins Induce Apoptosis and Inhibit Proliferation in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells / Masahiro SERIKAWA...99 A Novel Pig Artificial Insemination Technique Using Frozen-thawed Sperm / Masayuki SHIMADA...100 Intracellular Behavior and Elimination of Extrachromosomal Elements / Noriaki SHIMIZU...101 Mechanism of Gene Amplification and its Application to the Protein Production / Noriaki SHIMIZU...102 Research and Development to Minimize the Impact of Electromagnetic Radiation on the Human Body for Hybrid Vehicles and Electric Vehicles Parts / Kenji SHODAI...(Special Appointment) 103 Development of Simulator for Extracorporeal Circulation / Taijiro SUEDA...104 Spinal Cord Protection during Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm / Taijiro SUEDA...105 Surgery for Atrial Fibrillation / Taijiro SUEDA...106 Neuronal Bases of Pleasure and Displeasure for Taste / Makoto SUGITA...107 See-through Frogs Created by Breeding / Masayuki SUMIDA...108 Clinical Application of an Artificial Nerve for Peripheral Nerve Injury / Osami SUZUKI...109 Treatment of Arthritis Using MicroRNA Th17 Cell Differentiation / Osami SUZUKI...110 Regulation of Gastrointestinal Function by Food Factors / Takuya SUZUKI...111 Medium-chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (MCAD) Deficiency: Functional Analysis of Mutant Enzymes Found in Japanese Patients / Go TAJIMA...112 Indigenous Symbiotic Environmental Bacteria in the Intestinal Mucosa Drive the Quiescent Mucosal Immune Responses / Ichiro TAKAHASHI...113 Study on Target Gene of miRNA miR224 Which is Overexpressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma / Shoichi TAKAHASHI...114 Transport of Insulin and its Regulation in Alveolar Epithelial Cells / Mikihisa TAKANO...115 Establishment of Jaw Bone Reconstruction Using High Functional Material for Restoration of the Ideal Jaw Form and the Occlusal Function / Masaaki TAKECHI...116 Survey on Male Dental Hygienists / Toshinobu TAKEMOTO...117 Integrative Analyses of Neuropsychiatric Diseases / Toru TAKUMI...118 Molecular Biology of the Age-related Hearing Loss and Vertigo / Masaya TAKUMIDA...119 Analysis of Chromosome Engineered Mouse Model for Autism / Kota TAMADA...120 Study on Therapeutic Strategy for Colorectal Submucosal Carcinoma after Endoscopic Treatment / Shinji TANAKA...121 Exploitation of MICA Gene Polymorphism for Development of Personalized Medicine in Oral Cancer Patients / Ryouji TANI...122 A New Technology for Treatment of Dental Caries-Regeneration of Tooth Enamel with Amelogenin / Kotaro TANIMOTO...123 Direct Vasodilation by Transdermal Administration of Nitroglycerin: Nitroglycerin Skin Spray for Premedication before Artery Puncture / Keizo TANITAME...124 Development of a Functional Food with an Aim to Enhance Bone Volume / Kazuo TANNE...125 Molecular and Cellular Target Therapy for Hepatic Stellate Cell Using Rho Kinase Inhibitor / Hirotaka TASHIRO...126 Developing the Culture Technology of Pituitary Stem Cell in the Zero Gravity Environment / Atsushi TOMINAGA...127 The Effects on Gene Expression Profiles in Human Hepatocytes by HBV and HCV Infection / Masataka TSUGE...128 Estimation of Arterial Wall Impedance Using Ultra-sonographic Images and its Application to the Diagnosis of Arteriosclerosis / Toshio TSUJI, Masashi KAWAMOTO, Masao YOSHIZUMI...129 Measurement of Peripheral Artery Mechanical Characteristics and Evaluation of Autonomic Nerve Activity / Toshio TSUJI, Masashi KAWAMOTO, Masao YOSHIZUMI...130 Non-constrained and Non-invasive Measurement of Pulse Pressure Waves from Patients in a Supine Position and Development of a Health Monitoring System for Bedridden Individuals / Toshio TSUJI, Masashi KAWAMOTO, Masao YOSHIZUMI...131 Understanding the Mechanism of Chromosome End Maintenance and its Application for Cancer Therapy / Masaru UENO...132 Effect of the Water-soluble Extract from Cultured Medium of Ganoderma Lucidum (Reishi) Mycelia (MAK) on Murine Colitis / Yoshitaka UENO...133 Mechanism, Prediction and Countermeasure of Problematic Jellyfish Blooms / Shin-ichi UYE...134 Mechanism of Chronic Pain in Orofacial Region / Mineo WATANABE...135 Algal Synthesis of Hyaluronan and Chitin / Takashi YAMADA...136 Bacteriophage Biocontrol of Bacterial Wilt for Sustainable Agricultural Production / Takashi YAMADA...137 Detection and Monitoring of Phytopathogen Causing Bacterial Wilt / Takashi YAMADA...138 How Does Habitat Association of Plant Species Generate and Maintain? / Toshihiro YAMADA...139 Neural Regeneration by Application of Human Skull Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Satoshi YAMAGUCHI...140 Development of Engineered Nucleases that Enable the Manipulation of the Genome in Cell Lines and Organisms / Takashi YAMAMOTO...141 Development of Automatic Diagnostic System for Brain Tumors / Fumiyuki YAMASAKI...142 Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity by Differential Expression of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor During Xenopus Metamorphosis / Yoshio YAOITA...143 Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets of Gastrointestinal Cancer Identified by “Omics” Study / Wataru YASUI...144 Clinical and Radiographical Results of 179 Thrust Plate Hip Prosthesis ―5-14 Years Follow-up Study― / Yuji YASUNAGA...145 Biological Psychology of Fish / Masayuki YOSHIDA...146 Quantitative Analysis and Development of a Computer-aided System for Gastrointestinal Lesions Observed on Endoscopy / Shigeto YOSHIDA...147 Assessment of Oral and Pharyngeal Functions for Decision Making of the Ideal Thickness of Liquid / Mineka YOSHIKAWA...148 Purification, Structure Characterization of Bioactive Substances from Marine Organisms and Application to Novel Anti-oral Cancer Drugs / Yukio YOSHIOKA...149 Low Temperature Tolerance of Mammalian Transporters and Development of a New Transport Inhibitor / Ryoko YUMOTO...15

Gene expression profiling in periodontitis

The chronic inflammatory disease periodontitis is characterized by destruction of periodontal tissue, i.e. the tissues that surround and support the teeth. This complex disease is multifactorial, involving oral pathogens, an unfavorable host inflammatory response, environmental and genetic factors, as well as an altered gene expression contributing to disease pathology. Despite extensive research of excellent quality, the genes involved in periodontitis remain uncharacterized and the mechanisms responsible for the destruction of periodontal tissue are poorly understood. Here, in attempt to gain further insight into and identify biomarkers for this disease, we have characterized global gene expression in periodontitis-affected gingival tissue and gingival fibroblasts. Initially, we employed microarrays to examine gene expression in gingival fibroblasts, the predominant cell type in gingival connective tissue, after evoking an inflammatory response in these cells with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). This inflammatory mediator up-regulated the expression of a wide range of genes and, furthermore, activated several signaling pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses, in particular the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. We subsequently confirmed for the first time that TNF-α-enhances the expression of TLR2 in gingival fibroblasts at both the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, we found that the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) signal transduction pathways, as well as prostaglandin 15d-PGJ2, which has been proposed to be anti-inflammatory, are involved in this up-regulation. Next, we examined the transcriptome, employing RNA-sequencing, in periodontitis-affected and healthy gingival tissue from patients with periodontitis. We demonstrated, as expected, that the degree of inflammation in periodontitis-affected gingival tissue is more pronounced than in corresponding healthy tissue from the same individual. Cluster analysis revealed that the clustering depended on the degree of inflammation, rather than the individual from whom the tissue was taken, indicating the existence of a characteristic gene expression profile for periodontitis. In addition, we identified two novel genes, interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18) that were up-regulated in association with periodontitis. In our third study, we utilized the RNA-sequencing approach to characterize gene expression in a large number of gingival biopsies both from patients with periodontitis and healthy control subjects. Among the several genes that were significantly up- or down-regulated in periodontitis, the two most differentially expressed were mucin 4 (MUC4) and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7). This investigation provides a comprehensive map of the gene expression associated with periodontitis and, suggests that MUC4 and MMP7 might be potentially valuable biomarkers and clinical therapeutic targets for periodontitis. In conclusion, the information we present here provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the etiology and progression of this chronic inflammatory disease

The generation of problem-focussed patent clusters: a comparative analysis of crowd intelligence with algorithmic and expert approaches

This paper presents a new crowdsourcing approach to the construction of patent clusters, and systematically benchmarks it against previous expert and algorithmic approaches. Patent databases should be rich sources of inspiration which could lead engineering designers to novel solutions for creative problems. However, the sheer volume and complexity of patent information means that this potential is rarely realised. Rather than the keyword driven searches common in commercial systems, designers need tools that help them to understand patents in the context of the problem they are considering. This paper presents an approach to address this problem by using crowd intelligence for effective generation of patent clusters at lower cost and with greater rationale. A systematic study was carried out to compare the crowd’s efficiency with both expert and algorithmic patent clusters, with the results indicating that the crowd was able to create 80% more patent pairs with appropriate rationale

Mapping Nanomedicine Terminology in the Regulatory Landscape

A common terminology is essential in any field of science and technology for a mutual understanding among different communities of experts and regulators, harmonisation of policy actions, standardisation of quality procedures and experimental testing, and the communication to the general public. It also allows effective revision of information for policy making and optimises research fund allocation. In particular, in emerging scientific fields with a high innovation potential, new terms, descriptions and definitions are quickly generated, which are then ambiguously used by stakeholders having diverse interests, coming from different scientific disciplines and/or from various regions. The application of nanotechnology in health -often called nanomedicine- is considered as such emerging and multidisciplinary field with a growing interest of various communities. In order to support a better understanding of terms used in the regulatory domain, the Nanomedicines Working Group of the International Pharmaceutical Regulators Forum (IPRF) has prioritised the need to map, compile and discuss the currently used terminology of regulatory scientists coming from different geographic areas. The JRC has taken the lead to identify and compile frequently used terms in the field by using web crawling and text mining tools as well as the manual extraction of terms. Websites of 13 regulatory authorities and clinical trial registries globally involved in regulating nanomedicines have been crawled. The compilation and analysis of extracted terms demonstrated sectorial and geographical differences in the frequency and type of nanomedicine related terms used in a regulatory context. Finally 31 relevant and most frequently used terms deriving from various agencies have been compiled, discussed and analysed for their similarities and differences. These descriptions will support the development of harmonised use of terminology in the future. The report provides necessary background information to advance the discussion among stakeholders. It will strengthen activities aiming to develop harmonised standards in the field of nanomedicine, which is an essential factor to stimulate innovation and industrial competitiveness.JRC.F.2-Consumer Products Safet

The evolution of interindustry technology linkage topics and its analysis framework in 3D printing technology

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from IEEE via the DOI in this recordThe mutual influence and complementarity of technologies between different industries are becoming increasingly prominent. Revealing the topic evolution of technology linkages between industries is the foundation for understanding the technological development trend of the industry. Although numerous works have focused on technology topic mining and its evolution characteristics, these works have not accurately represented the interindustry technology linkage, analyze the related topics and even ignored the technological development characteristics hidden in the topic evolution pathway. Since the Lingo algorithm fully considers the time-series characteristics of the topics, and the knowledge evolution theory can reveal three inherent characteristics in the evolution of knowledge topics, namely, “stability, heredity, and variability,” this article aims to combine the Lingo algorithm and the knowledge evolution theory to analyze the topic evolution of interindustry technology linkages. Additionally, because three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology has significant interdisciplinary and cross-industry characteristics, a wide range of application fields, and various interindustry technology linkages, 3-D printing technology is used for empirical analysis. The empirical results show that the key topics of interindustry technology linkages in 3-D printing include model design, manufacturing methods, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing material, and application. In addition, all these topics have the development feature of heredity. However, the topic of manufacturing materials presents significant variability, the topic of manufacturing methods has the strongest stability, and multiple subtopics of the five topics show variability and genetic intersection