Quantitative Foundations for Resource Theories

Considering resource usage is a powerful insight in the analysis of many phenomena in the sciences. Much of the current research on these resource theories focuses on the analysis of specific resources such quantum entanglement, purity, randomness or asymmetry. However, the mathematical foundations of resource theories are at a much earlier stage, and there has been no satisfactory account of quantitative aspects such as costs, rates or probabilities. We present a categorical foundation for quantitative resource theories, derived from enriched category theory. Our approach is compositional, with rich algebraic structure facilitating calculations. The resulting theory is parameterized, both in the quantities under consideration, for example costs or probabilities, and in the structural features of the resources such as whether they can be freely copied or deleted. We also achieve a clear separation of concerns between the resource conversions that are freely available, and the costly resources that are typically the object of study. By using an abstract categorical approach, our framework is naturally open to extension. We provide many examples throughout, emphasising the resource theoretic intuitions for each of the mathematical objects under consideration

Social Sustainability and Alexander's Living Structure Through a New Kind of City Science

The disputed endorsement of inherited visceral and universal aesthetic preferences justifies the scientific validity of Alexander's living structure. Apart from implying a resource-efficient way to promote well-being through urban design, the premise favors a collective approach to human self-perception and social justice. To better understand the contributions of Alexander, this article explores current knowledge about visceral and universal aesthetic preferences for living structure and if and how the new kind of city science, a mathematical model describing living structure, can be used for further testing. It also elaborates on the social impact of living structure, including its premise, and the potential of the new kind of city science to support social sustainability. A literature synthesis on living structure, the new kind of city science, and the premise showed a positive link between well-being and exposure to living structure. Limitations in research design nevertheless precluded conclusions about the associated visceral and universal aesthetic preferences. The new kind of city science was found appropriate for further research by holistically representing living structure. Moreover, like the hypothesized biological origin, social learning and sociocultural transmission were found to theoretically support the premise of universality and a collective approach to human identity and social justice, with further societal implications. For the concept of living structure to support social sustainability, it must be coupled with the promotion of empowerment and community mobilization. Hence, the operationalization of the new kind of city science should align with Alexander's call for bottom-up approaches

Non-Local Configuration of Component Interfaces by Constraint Satisfaction

© 2020 Springer-Verlag. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s10601-020-09309-y.Service-oriented computing is the paradigm that utilises services as fundamental elements for developing applications. Service composition, where data consistency becomes especially important, is still a key challenge for service-oriented computing. We maintain that there is one aspect of Web service communication on the data conformance side that has so far escaped the researchers attention. Aggregation of networked services gives rise to long pipelines, or quasi-pipeline structures, where there is a profitable form of inheritance called flow inheritance. In its presence, interface reconciliation ceases to be a local procedure, and hence it requires distributed constraint satisfaction of a special kind. We propose a constraint language for this, and present a solver which implements it. In addition, our approach provides a binding between the language and C++, whereby the assignment to the variables found by the solver is automatically translated into a transformation of C++ code. This makes the C++ Web service context compliant without any further communication. Besides, it uniquely permits a very high degree of flexibility of a C++ coded Web service without making public any part of its source code.Peer reviewe

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 10, 2015

This volume is a collection of thirteen papers, written by different authors and co-authors (listed in the order of the papers): J. J. Peng and J. Q. Wang, E. Marei, S. Kar, K. Basu, S. Mukherjee, I. M. Hezam, M. Abdel-Baset and F. Smarandache, K. Mondal, S. Pramanik, A. Ionescu, M. R. Parveen and P. Sekar, B. Teodorescu, D. Kour and K. Basu, P. P. Dey and B. C. Giri, A. A. A. Agboola. In first paper, the authors studied Multi-valued Neutrosophic Sets and its Application in Multi-criteria Decision-Making Problems. More on neutrosophic soft rough sets and its modification is discussed in the second paper. Solution of Multi-Criteria Assignment Problem using Neutrosophic Set Theory are studied in third paper. In fourth paper, Taylor Series Approximation to Solve Neutrosophic Multiobjective Programming Problem. Similarly in fifth paper, Decision Making Based on Some similarity Measures under Interval Rough Neutrosophic Environment is discussed. In paper six, Neutralité neutrosophique et expressivité dans le style journalistique is studied by the author. Neutrosophic Semilattices and Their Properties given in seventh paper. Liminality and Neutrosophy is proposed in the next paper. Application of Extended Fuzzy Program-ming Technique to a real life Transportation Problem in Neutrosophic environment in the next paper. Further, TOPSIS for Single Valued Neutrosophic Soft Expert Set Based Multi-attribute Decision Making Problems is discussed by the authors in the tenth paper. In eleventh paper, Neutrosophic Quadruple Numbers, Refined Neutrosophic Quadruple Numbers, Absorbance Law, and the Multiplication of Neutrosophic Quadruple Numbers have been studied by the author. In the next paper, On Refined Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures. At the end, Neutrosophic Actions, Prevalence Order, Refinement of Neutrosophic Entities, and Neutrosophic Literal Logical Operators are introduced by the author

Shelfaware: Accelerating Collaborative Awareness with Shelf CRDT

Collaboration has become a key feature of modern software, allowing teams to work together effectively in real-time while in different locations. In order for a user to communicate their intention to several distributed peers, computing devices must exchange high-frequency updates with transient metadata like mouse position, text range highlights, and temporary comments. Current peer-to-peer awareness solutions have high time and space complexity due to the ever-expanding logs that each client must maintain in order to ensure robust collaboration in eventually consistent environments. This paper proposes an awareness Conflict-Free Replicated Data Type (CRDT) library that provides the tooling to support an eventually consistent, decentralized, and robust multi-user collaborative environment. Our library is tuned for rapid iterative updates that communicate fine-grained user actions across a network of collaborators. Our approach holds memory constant for subsequent writes to an existing key on a shared resource and completely prunes stale data from shared documents. These features allow us to keep the CRDT\u27s memory footprint small, making it a feasible solution for memory constrained applications. Results show that our CRDT implementation is comparable to or exceeds the performance of similar data structures in high-frequency read/write scenarios

A New Suburban Elysium: A Headstone for the Dying Periphery

The proposed “cemetery” and retail center for the Idora neighborhood of Youngstown, Ohio is the result of one research semester and one design semester. The design proposal arose from dissatisfaction with the architectural community’s propensity for using jargon and clichés when describing the contemporary suburban condition. Many critics and commentators understand suburbia through the lens of the postwar period. It has been suggested that suburbia was developed for use as a media weapon – and thus, at the conclusion of the Cold War, should have been rendered architecturally irrelevant. However, suburbia has remained stagnant. Design standards employed by developers continue to operate in support of an image-making regime. The image of domestic bliss suggests that Americans are capable of only one, homogenous form of existence. My thesis argues that a contemporary notion of suburbia can in fact be achieved by embracing its history and recognizing the overall ex-urban fabric as an occupiable historical document. A retail center – modelled on the strip mall typology – can behave as an antidote to suburban anxiety, when paired with a specific architectural language that establishes a ground-plane manipulation in which suburban homes can be recalled

Semi Automatic Construction of ShEx and SHACL Schemas

We present a method for the construction of SHACL or ShEx constraints for an existing RDF dataset. It has two components that are used conjointly: an algorithm for automatic schema construction, and an interactive workflow for editing the schema. The schema construction algorithm takes as input sets of sample nodes and constructs a shape constraint for every sample set. It can be parametrized by a schema pattern that defines structural requirements for the schema to be constructed. Schema patterns are also used to feed the algorithm with relevant information about the dataset coming from a domain expert or from some ontology. The interactive workflow provides useful information about the dataset, shows validation results w.r.t. the schema under construction, and offers schema editing operations that combined with the schema construction algorithm allow to build a complex ShEx or SHACL schema